path: root/contrib/restricted/aws/s2n/pq-crypto/sike_r1/ec_isogeny_r1.c

/********************************************************************************************
* Supersingular Isogeny Key Encapsulation Library
*
* Abstract: elliptic curve and isogeny functions
*********************************************************************************************/

#include "sike_r1_namespace.h"
#include "P503_internal_r1.h"

void xDBL(const point_proj_t P, point_proj_t Q, const f2elm_t *A24plus, const f2elm_t *C24)
{ // Doubling of a Montgomery point in projective coordinates (X:Z).
  // Input: projective Montgomery x-coordinates P = (X1:Z1), where x1=X1/Z1 and Montgomery curve constants A+2C and 4C.
  // Output: projective Montgomery x-coordinates Q = 2*P = (X2:Z2).
    f2elm_t _t0, _t1;
    f2elm_t *t0=&_t0, *t1=&_t1;
    
    fp2sub(&P->X, &P->Z, t0);                         // t0 = X1-Z1
    fp2add(&P->X, &P->Z, t1);                         // t1 = X1+Z1
    fp2sqr_mont(t0, t0);                            // t0 = (X1-Z1)^2 
    fp2sqr_mont(t1, t1);                            // t1 = (X1+Z1)^2 
    fp2mul_mont(C24, t0, &Q->Z);                     // Z2 = C24*(X1-Z1)^2   
    fp2mul_mont(t1, &Q->Z, &Q->X);                    // X2 = C24*(X1-Z1)^2*(X1+Z1)^2
    fp2sub(t1, t0, t1);                             // t1 = (X1+Z1)^2-(X1-Z1)^2 
    fp2mul_mont(A24plus, t1, t0);                   // t0 = A24plus*[(X1+Z1)^2-(X1-Z1)^2]
    fp2add(&Q->Z, t0, &Q->Z);                         // Z2 = A24plus*[(X1+Z1)^2-(X1-Z1)^2] + C24*(X1-Z1)^2
    fp2mul_mont(&Q->Z, t1, &Q->Z);                    // Z2 = [A24plus*[(X1+Z1)^2-(X1-Z1)^2] + C24*(X1-Z1)^2]*[(X1+Z1)^2-(X1-Z1)^2]
}


void xDBLe(const point_proj_t P, point_proj_t Q, const f2elm_t *A24plus, const f2elm_t *C24, const int e)
{ // Computes [2^e](X:Z) on Montgomery curve with projective constant via e repeated doublings.
  // Input: projective Montgomery x-coordinates P = (XP:ZP), such that xP=XP/ZP and Montgomery curve constants A+2C and 4C.
  // Output: projective Montgomery x-coordinates Q <- (2^e)*P.
    int i;
    
    copy_words((const digit_t*)P, (digit_t*)Q, 2*2*NWORDS_FIELD);

    for (i = 0; i < e; i++) {
        xDBL(Q, Q, A24plus, C24);
    }
}


void get_4_isog(const point_proj_t P, f2elm_t *A24plus, f2elm_t *C24, f2elm_t* coeff)
{ // Computes the corresponding 4-isogeny of a projective Montgomery point (X4:Z4) of order 4.
  // Input:  projective point of order four P = (X4:Z4).
  // Output: the 4-isogenous Montgomery curve with projective coefficients A+2C/4C and the 3 coefficients 
  //         that are used to evaluate the isogeny at a point in eval_4_isog().
    
    fp2sub(&P->X, &P->Z, &coeff[1]);                   // coeff[1] = X4-Z4
    fp2add(&P->X, &P->Z, &coeff[2]);                   // coeff[2] = X4+Z4
    fp2sqr_mont(&P->Z, &coeff[0]);                    // coeff[0] = Z4^2
    fp2add(&coeff[0], &coeff[0], &coeff[0]);           // coeff[0] = 2*Z4^2
    fp2sqr_mont(&coeff[0], C24);                     // C24 = 4*Z4^4
    fp2add(&coeff[0], &coeff[0], &coeff[0]);           // coeff[0] = 4*Z4^2
    fp2sqr_mont(&P->X, A24plus);                     // A24plus = X4^2
    fp2add(A24plus, A24plus, A24plus);              // A24plus = 2*X4^2
    fp2sqr_mont(A24plus, A24plus);                  // A24plus = 4*X4^4
}


void eval_4_isog(point_proj_t P, f2elm_t* coeff)
{ // Evaluates the isogeny at the point (X:Z) in the domain of the isogeny, given a 4-isogeny phi defined 
  // by the 3 coefficients in coeff (computed in the function get_4_isog()).
  // Inputs: the coefficients defining the isogeny, and the projective point P = (X:Z).
  // Output: the projective point P = phi(P) = (X:Z) in the codomain. 
    f2elm_t _t0, _t1;
    f2elm_t *t0=&_t0, *t1=&_t1;
    
    fp2add(&P->X, &P->Z, t0);                         // t0 = X+Z
    fp2sub(&P->X, &P->Z, t1);                         // t1 = X-Z
    fp2mul_mont(t0, &coeff[1], &P->X);                // X = (X+Z)*coeff[1]
    fp2mul_mont(t1, &coeff[2], &P->Z);                // Z = (X-Z)*coeff[2]
    fp2mul_mont(t0, t1, t0);                        // t0 = (X+Z)*(X-Z)
    fp2mul_mont(t0, &coeff[0], t0);                  // t0 = coeff[0]*(X+Z)*(X-Z)
    fp2add(&P->X, &P->Z, t1);                         // t1 = (X-Z)*coeff[2] + (X+Z)*coeff[1]
    fp2sub(&P->X, &P->Z, &P->Z);                       // Z = (X-Z)*coeff[2] - (X+Z)*coeff[1]
    fp2sqr_mont(t1, t1);                            // t1 = [(X-Z)*coeff[2] + (X+Z)*coeff[1]]^2
    fp2sqr_mont(&P->Z, &P->Z);                        // Z = [(X-Z)*coeff[2] - (X+Z)*coeff[1]]^2
    fp2add(t1, t0, &P->X);                           // X = coeff[0]*(X+Z)*(X-Z) + [(X-Z)*coeff[2] + (X+Z)*coeff[1]]^2
    fp2sub(&P->Z, t0, t0);                           // t0 = [(X-Z)*coeff[2] - (X+Z)*coeff[1]]^2 - coeff[0]*(X+Z)*(X-Z)
    fp2mul_mont(&P->X, t1, &P->X);                    // Xfinal
    fp2mul_mont(&P->Z, t0, &P->Z);                    // Zfinal
}


void xTPL(const point_proj_t P, point_proj_t Q, const f2elm_t *A24minus, const f2elm_t *A24plus)              
{ // Tripling of a Montgomery point in projective coordinates (X:Z).
  // Input: projective Montgomery x-coordinates P = (X:Z), where x=X/Z and Montgomery curve constants A24plus = A+2C and A24minus = A-2C.
  // Output: projective Montgomery x-coordinates Q = 3*P = (X3:Z3).
    f2elm_t _t0, _t1, _t2, _t3, _t4, _t5, _t6;
    f2elm_t *t0=&_t0, *t1=&_t1, *t2=&_t2 ;
    f2elm_t *t3=&_t3, *t4=&_t4, *t5=&_t5, *t6=&_t6;
                                    
    fp2sub(&P->X, &P->Z, t0);                         // t0 = X-Z 
    fp2sqr_mont(t0, t2);                            // t2 = (X-Z)^2           
    fp2add(&P->X, &P->Z, t1);                         // t1 = X+Z 
    fp2sqr_mont(t1, t3);                            // t3 = (X+Z)^2
    fp2add(t0, t1, t4);                             // t4 = 2*X
    fp2sub(t1, t0, t0);                             // t0 = 2*Z 
    fp2sqr_mont(t4, t1);                            // t1 = 4*X^2
    fp2sub(t1, t3, t1);                             // t1 = 4*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 
    fp2sub(t1, t2, t1);                             // t1 = 4*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 - (X-Z)^2
    fp2mul_mont(t3, A24plus, t5);                   // t5 = A24plus*(X+Z)^2 
    fp2mul_mont(t3, t5, t3);                        // t3 = A24plus*(X+Z)^3
    fp2mul_mont(A24minus, t2, t6);                  // t6 = A24minus*(X-Z)^2
    fp2mul_mont(t2, t6, t2);                        // t2 = A24minus*(X-Z)^3
    fp2sub(t2, t3, t3);                             // t3 = A24minus*(X-Z)^3 - coeff*(X+Z)^3
    fp2sub(t5, t6, t2);                             // t2 = A24plus*(X+Z)^2 - A24minus*(X-Z)^2
    fp2mul_mont(t1, t2, t1);                        // t1 = [4*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 - (X-Z)^2]*[A24plus*(X+Z)^2 - A24minus*(X-Z)^2]
    fp2add(t3, t1, t2);                             // t2 = [4*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 - (X-Z)^2]*[A24plus*(X+Z)^2 - A24minus*(X-Z)^2] + A24minus*(X-Z)^3 - coeff*(X+Z)^3
    fp2sqr_mont(t2, t2);                            // t2 = t2^2
    fp2mul_mont(t4, t2, &Q->X);                      // X3 = 2*X*t2
    fp2sub(t3, t1, t1);                             // t1 = A24minus*(X-Z)^3 - A24plus*(X+Z)^3 - [4*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 - (X-Z)^2]*[A24plus*(X+Z)^2 - A24minus*(X-Z)^2]
    fp2sqr_mont(t1, t1);                            // t1 = t1^2
    fp2mul_mont(t0, t1, &Q->Z);                      // Z3 = 2*Z*t1
}


void xTPLe(const point_proj_t P, point_proj_t Q, const f2elm_t *A24minus, const f2elm_t *A24plus, const int e)
{ // Computes [3^e](X:Z) on Montgomery curve with projective constant via e repeated triplings.
  // Input: projective Montgomery x-coordinates P = (XP:ZP), such that xP=XP/ZP and Montgomery curve constants A24plus = A+2C and A24minus = A-2C.
  // Output: projective Montgomery x-coordinates Q <- (3^e)*P.
    int i;
        
    copy_words((const digit_t*)P, (digit_t*)Q, 2*2*NWORDS_FIELD);

    for (i = 0; i < e; i++) {
        xTPL(Q, Q, A24minus, A24plus);
    }
}


void get_3_isog(const point_proj_t P, f2elm_t *A24minus, f2elm_t *A24plus, f2elm_t* coeff)
{ // Computes the corresponding 3-isogeny of a projective Montgomery point (X3:Z3) of order 3.
  // Input:  projective point of order three P = (X3:Z3).
  // Output: the 3-isogenous Montgomery curve with projective coefficient A/C. 
    f2elm_t _t0, _t1, _t2, _t3, _t4;
    f2elm_t *t0=&_t0, *t1=&_t1, *t2=&_t2 ;
    f2elm_t *t3=&_t3, *t4=&_t4 ;
    
    fp2sub(&P->X, &P->Z, &coeff[0]);                   // coeff0 = X-Z
    fp2sqr_mont(&coeff[0], t0);                      // t0 = (X-Z)^2
    fp2add(&P->X, &P->Z, &coeff[1]);                   // coeff1 = X+Z
    fp2sqr_mont(&coeff[1], t1);                      // t1 = (X+Z)^2
    fp2add(t0, t1, t2);                             // t2 = (X+Z)^2 + (X-Z)^2
    fp2add(&coeff[0], &coeff[1], t3);                 // t3 = 2*X
    fp2sqr_mont(t3, t3);                            // t3 = 4*X^2
    fp2sub(t3, t2, t3);                             // t3 = 4*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 - (X-Z)^2 
    fp2add(t1, t3, t2);                             // t2 = 4*X^2 - (X-Z)^2 
    fp2add(t3, t0, t3);                             // t3 = 4*X^2 - (X+Z)^2
    fp2add(t0, t3, t4);                             // t4 = 4*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 + (X-Z)^2 
    fp2add(t4, t4, t4);                             // t4 = 2(4*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 + (X-Z)^2) 
    fp2add(t1, t4, t4);                             // t4 = 8*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 + 2*(X-Z)^2
    fp2mul_mont(t2, t4, A24minus);                  // A24minus = [4*X^2 - (X-Z)^2]*[8*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 + 2*(X-Z)^2]
    fp2add(t1, t2, t4);                             // t4 = 4*X^2 + (X+Z)^2 - (X-Z)^2
    fp2add(t4, t4, t4);                             // t4 = 2(4*X^2 + (X+Z)^2 - (X-Z)^2) 
    fp2add(t0, t4, t4);                             // t4 = 8*X^2 + 2*(X+Z)^2 - (X-Z)^2
    fp2mul_mont(t3, t4, t4);                        // t4 = [4*X^2 - (X+Z)^2]*[8*X^2 + 2*(X+Z)^2 - (X-Z)^2]
    fp2sub(t4, A24minus, t0);                       // t0 = [4*X^2 - (X+Z)^2]*[8*X^2 + 2*(X+Z)^2 - (X-Z)^2] - [4*X^2 - (X-Z)^2]*[8*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 + 2*(X-Z)^2] 
    fp2add(A24minus, t0, A24plus);                  // A24plus = 8*X^2 - (X+Z)^2 + 2*(X-Z)^2
}


void eval_3_isog(point_proj_t Q, const f2elm_t* coeff)
{ // Computes the 3-isogeny R=phi(X:Z), given projective point (X3:Z3) of order 3 on a Montgomery curve and 
  // a point P with 2 coefficients in coeff (computed in the function get_3_isog()).
  // Inputs: projective points P = (X3:Z3) and Q = (X:Z).
  // Output: the projective point Q <- phi(Q) = (X3:Z3). 
    f2elm_t _t0, _t1, _t2;
    f2elm_t *t0=&_t0, *t1=&_t1, *t2=&_t2 ;

    fp2add(&Q->X, &Q->Z, t0);                       // t0 = X+Z
    fp2sub(&Q->X, &Q->Z, t1);                       // t1 = X-Z
    fp2mul_mont(t0, &coeff[0], t0);                // t0 = coeff0*(X+Z)
    fp2mul_mont(t1, &coeff[1], t1);                // t1 = coeff1*(X-Z)
    fp2add(t0, t1, t2);                           // t2 = coeff0*(X-Z) + coeff1*(X+Z)
    fp2sub(t1, t0, t0);                           // t0 = coeff0*(X-Z) - coeff1*(X+Z)
    fp2sqr_mont(t2, t2);                          // t2 = [coeff0*(X-Z) + coeff1*(X+Z)]^2
    fp2sqr_mont(t0, t0);                          // t1 = [coeff0*(X-Z) - coeff1*(X+Z)]^2
    fp2mul_mont(&Q->X, t2, &Q->X);                  // X3final = X*[coeff0*(X-Z) + coeff1*(X+Z)]^2        
    fp2mul_mont(&Q->Z, t0, &Q->Z);                  // Z3final = Z*[coeff0*(X-Z) - coeff1*(X+Z)]^2
}


void inv_3_way(f2elm_t *z1, f2elm_t *z2, f2elm_t *z3)
{ // 3-way simultaneous inversion
  // Input:  z1,z2,z3
  // Output: 1/z1,1/z2,1/z3 (override inputs).
    f2elm_t _t0, _t1, _t2, _t3;
    f2elm_t *t0=&_t0, *t1=&_t1;
    f2elm_t *t2=&_t2, *t3=&_t3;

    fp2mul_mont(z1, z2, t0);                      // t0 = z1*z2
    fp2mul_mont(z3, t0, t1);                      // t1 = z1*z2*z3
    fp2inv_mont(t1);                              // t1 = 1/(z1*z2*z3)
    fp2mul_mont(z3, t1, t2);                      // t2 = 1/(z1*z2) 
    fp2mul_mont(t2, z2, t3);                      // t3 = 1/z1
    fp2mul_mont(t2, z1, z2);                      // z2 = 1/z2
    fp2mul_mont(t0, t1, z3);                      // z3 = 1/z3
    fp2copy(t3, z1);                              // z1 = 1/z1
}


void get_A(const f2elm_t *xP, const f2elm_t *xQ, const f2elm_t *xR, f2elm_t *A)
{ // Given the x-coordinates of P, Q, and R, returns the value A corresponding to the Montgomery curve E_A: y^2=x^3+A*x^2+x such that R=Q-P on E_A.
  // Input:  the x-coordinates xP, xQ, and xR of the points P, Q and R.
  // Output: the coefficient A corresponding to the curve E_A: y^2=x^3+A*x^2+x.
    f2elm_t _t0, _t1, one = {0};
    f2elm_t *t0=&_t0, *t1=&_t1;
    
    fpcopy((const digit_t*)&Montgomery_one, one.e[0]);
    fp2add(xP, xQ, t1);                           // t1 = xP+xQ
    fp2mul_mont(xP, xQ, t0);                      // t0 = xP*xQ
    fp2mul_mont(xR, t1, A);                       // A = xR*t1
    fp2add(t0, A, A);                             // A = A+t0
    fp2mul_mont(t0, xR, t0);                      // t0 = t0*xR
    fp2sub(A, &one, A);                            // A = A-1
    fp2add(t0, t0, t0);                           // t0 = t0+t0
    fp2add(t1, xR, t1);                           // t1 = t1+xR
    fp2add(t0, t0, t0);                           // t0 = t0+t0
    fp2sqr_mont(A, A);                            // A = A^2
    fp2inv_mont(t0);                              // t0 = 1/t0
    fp2mul_mont(A, t0, A);                        // A = A*t0
    fp2sub(A, t1, A);                             // Afinal = A-t1
}


void j_inv(const f2elm_t *A, const f2elm_t *C, f2elm_t *jinv)
{ // Computes the j-invariant of a Montgomery curve with projective constant.
  // Input: A,C in GF(p^2).
  // Output: j=256*(A^2-3*C^2)^3/(C^4*(A^2-4*C^2)), which is the j-invariant of the Montgomery curve B*y^2=x^3+(A/C)*x^2+x or (equivalently) j-invariant of B'*y^2=C*x^3+A*x^2+C*x.
    f2elm_t _t0, _t1;
    f2elm_t *t0=&_t0, *t1=&_t1;
    
    fp2sqr_mont(A, jinv);                           // jinv = A^2        
    fp2sqr_mont(C, t1);                             // t1 = C^2
    fp2add(t1, t1, t0);                             // t0 = t1+t1
    fp2sub(jinv, t0, t0);                           // t0 = jinv-t0
    fp2sub(t0, t1, t0);                             // t0 = t0-t1
    fp2sub(t0, t1, jinv);                           // jinv = t0-t1
    fp2sqr_mont(t1, t1);                            // t1 = t1^2
    fp2mul_mont(jinv, t1, jinv);                    // jinv = jinv*t1
    fp2add(t0, t0, t0);                             // t0 = t0+t0
    fp2add(t0, t0, t0);                             // t0 = t0+t0
    fp2sqr_mont(t0, t1);                            // t1 = t0^2
    fp2mul_mont(t0, t1, t0);                        // t0 = t0*t1
    fp2add(t0, t0, t0);                             // t0 = t0+t0
    fp2add(t0, t0, t0);                             // t0 = t0+t0
    fp2inv_mont(jinv);                              // jinv = 1/jinv 
    fp2mul_mont(jinv, t0, jinv);                    // jinv = t0*jinv
}


void xDBLADD(point_proj_t P, point_proj_t Q, const f2elm_t *xPQ, const f2elm_t *A24)
{ // Simultaneous doubling and differential addition.
  // Input: projective Montgomery points P=(XP:ZP) and Q=(XQ:ZQ) such that xP=XP/ZP and xQ=XQ/ZQ, affine difference xPQ=x(P-Q) and Montgomery curve constant A24=(A+2)/4.
  // Output: projective Montgomery points P <- 2*P = (X2P:Z2P) such that x(2P)=X2P/Z2P, and Q <- P+Q = (XQP:ZQP) such that = x(Q+P)=XQP/ZQP. 
    f2elm_t _t0, _t1, _t2;
    f2elm_t *t0=&_t0, *t1=&_t1, *t2=&_t2;

    fp2add(&P->X, &P->Z, t0);                         // t0 = XP+ZP
    fp2sub(&P->X, &P->Z, t1);                         // t1 = XP-ZP
    fp2sqr_mont(t0, &P->X);                          // XP = (XP+ZP)^2
    fp2sub(&Q->X, &Q->Z, t2);                         // t2 = XQ-ZQ
    fp2correction(t2);
    fp2add(&Q->X,&Q->Z, &Q->X);                       // XQ = XQ+ZQ
    fp2mul_mont(t0, t2, t0);                        // t0 = (XP+ZP)*(XQ-ZQ)
    fp2sqr_mont(t1, &P->Z);                          // ZP = (XP-ZP)^2
    fp2mul_mont(t1, &Q->X, t1);                      // t1 = (XP-ZP)*(XQ+ZQ)
    fp2sub(&P->X, &P->Z, t2);                         // t2 = (XP+ZP)^2-(XP-ZP)^2
    fp2mul_mont(&P->X, &P->Z, &P->X);                  // XP = (XP+ZP)^2*(XP-ZP)^2
    fp2mul_mont(t2, A24, &Q->X);                     // XQ = A24*[(XP+ZP)^2-(XP-ZP)^2]
    fp2sub(t0, t1, &Q->Z);                           // ZQ = (XP+ZP)*(XQ-ZQ)-(XP-ZP)*(XQ+ZQ)
    fp2add(&Q->X, &P->Z, &P->Z);                       // ZP = A24*[(XP+ZP)^2-(XP-ZP)^2]+(XP-ZP)^2
    fp2add(t0, t1, &Q->X);                           // XQ = (XP+ZP)*(XQ-ZQ)+(XP-ZP)*(XQ+ZQ)
    fp2mul_mont(&P->Z, t2, &P->Z);                    // ZP = [A24*[(XP+ZP)^2-(XP-ZP)^2]+(XP-ZP)^2]*[(XP+ZP)^2-(XP-ZP)^2]
    fp2sqr_mont(&Q->Z, &Q->Z);                        // ZQ = [(XP+ZP)*(XQ-ZQ)-(XP-ZP)*(XQ+ZQ)]^2
    fp2sqr_mont(&Q->X, &Q->X);                        // XQ = [(XP+ZP)*(XQ-ZQ)+(XP-ZP)*(XQ+ZQ)]^2
    fp2mul_mont(&Q->Z, xPQ, &Q->Z);                   // ZQ = xPQ*[(XP+ZP)*(XQ-ZQ)-(XP-ZP)*(XQ+ZQ)]^2
}


static void swap_points(point_proj_t P, point_proj_t Q, const digit_t option)
{ // Swap points.
  // If option = 0 then P <- P and Q <- Q, else if option = 0xFF...FF then P <- Q and Q <- P
    unsigned int i;

    for (i = 0; i < NWORDS_FIELD; i++) {
        digit_t temp = option & (P->X.e[0][i] ^ Q->X.e[0][i]);
        P->X.e[0][i] = temp ^ P->X.e[0][i]; 
        Q->X.e[0][i] = temp ^ Q->X.e[0][i]; 
        temp = option & (P->Z.e[0][i] ^ Q->Z.e[0][i]);
        P->Z.e[0][i] = temp ^ P->Z.e[0][i]; 
        Q->Z.e[0][i] = temp ^ Q->Z.e[0][i]; 
        temp = option & (P->X.e[1][i] ^ Q->X.e[1][i]);
        P->X.e[1][i] = temp ^ P->X.e[1][i]; 
        Q->X.e[1][i] = temp ^ Q->X.e[1][i]; 
        temp = option & (P->Z.e[1][i] ^ Q->Z.e[1][i]);
        P->Z.e[1][i] = temp ^ P->Z.e[1][i]; 
        Q->Z.e[1][i] = temp ^ Q->Z.e[1][i]; 
    }
}


static void LADDER3PT(const f2elm_t *xP, const f2elm_t *xQ, const f2elm_t *xPQ, const digit_t* m, const unsigned int AliceOrBob, point_proj_t R, const f2elm_t *A)
{
    point_proj_t R0 = {0}, R2 = {0};
    f2elm_t _A24 = {0};
    f2elm_t *A24=&_A24;
    int i, nbits, prevbit = 0;

    if (AliceOrBob == ALICE) {
        nbits = OALICE_BITS;
    } else {
        nbits = OBOB_BITS;
    }

    // Initializing constant
    fpcopy((const digit_t*)&Montgomery_one, A24->e[0]);
    fp2add(A24, A24, A24);
    fp2add(A, A24, A24);
    fp2div2(A24, A24);  
    fp2div2(A24, A24); // A24 = (A+2)/4

    // Initializing points
    fp2copy(xQ, &R0->X);
    fpcopy((const digit_t*)&Montgomery_one, (digit_t*)R0->Z.e);
    fp2copy(xPQ, &R2->X);
    fpcopy((const digit_t*)&Montgomery_one, (digit_t*)R2->Z.e);
    fp2copy(xP, &R->X);
    fpcopy((const digit_t*)&Montgomery_one, (digit_t*)R->Z.e);
    fpzero((digit_t*)(R->Z.e)[1]);

    // Main loop
    for (i = 0; i < nbits; i++) {
        int bit = (m[i >> LOG2RADIX] >> (i & (RADIX-1))) & 1;
        int swap = bit ^ prevbit;
        prevbit = bit;
        digit_t mask = 0 - (digit_t)swap;

        swap_points(R, R2, mask);
        xDBLADD(R0, R2, &R->X, A24);
        fp2mul_mont(&R2->X, &R->Z, &R2->X);
    }
}