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Twisted
#######
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For information on changes in this release, see the `NEWS <NEWS.rst>`_ file.
What is this?
-------------
Twisted is an event-based framework for internet applications, supporting Python 3.6+.
It includes modules for many different purposes, including the following:
- ``twisted.web``: HTTP clients and servers, HTML templating, and a WSGI server
- ``twisted.conch``: SSHv2 and Telnet clients and servers and terminal emulators
- ``twisted.words``: Clients and servers for IRC, XMPP, and other IM protocols
- ``twisted.mail``: IMAPv4, POP3, SMTP clients and servers
- ``twisted.positioning``: Tools for communicating with NMEA-compatible GPS receivers
- ``twisted.names``: DNS client and tools for making your own DNS servers
- ``twisted.trial``: A unit testing framework that integrates well with Twisted-based code.
Twisted supports all major system event loops -- ``select`` (all platforms), ``poll`` (most POSIX platforms), ``epoll`` (Linux), ``kqueue`` (FreeBSD, macOS), IOCP (Windows), and various GUI event loops (GTK+2/3, Qt, wxWidgets).
Third-party reactors can plug into Twisted, and provide support for additional event loops.
Installing
----------
To install the latest version of Twisted using pip::
$ pip install twisted
Additional instructions for installing this software are in `the installation instructions <https://docs.twisted.org/en/latest/installations.rst>`_.
Documentation and Support
-------------------------
Twisted's documentation is available from the `Twisted Matrix website <https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/>`_.
This documentation contains how-tos, code examples, and an API reference.
Help is also available on the `Twisted mailing list <https://mail.python.org/mailman3/lists/twisted.python.org/>`_.
There is also an IRC channel, ``#twisted``,
on the `Libera.Chat <https://libera.chat/>`_ network.
A web client is available at `web.libera.chat <https://web.libera.chat/>`_.
Unit Tests
----------
Twisted has a comprehensive test suite, which can be run by ``tox``::
$ tox -l # to view all test environments
$ tox -e nocov # to run all the tests without coverage
$ tox -e withcov # to run all the tests with coverage
$ tox -e alldeps-withcov-posix # install all dependencies, run tests with coverage on POSIX platform
You can test running the test suite under the different reactors with the ``TWISTED_REACTOR`` environment variable::
$ env TWISTED_REACTOR=epoll tox -e alldeps-withcov-posix
Some of these tests may fail if you:
* don't have the dependencies required for a particular subsystem installed,
* have a firewall blocking some ports (or things like Multicast, which Linux NAT has shown itself to do), or
* run them as root.
Static Code Checkers
--------------------
You can ensure that code complies to Twisted `coding standards <https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/development/policy/coding-standard.html>`_::
$ tox -e lint # run pre-commit to check coding stanards
$ tox -e mypy # run MyPy static type checker to check for type errors
Or, for speed, use pre-commit directly::
$ pipx run pre-commit run
Copyright
---------
All of the code in this distribution is Copyright (c) 2001-2024 Twisted Matrix Laboratories.
Twisted is made available under the MIT license.
The included `LICENSE <LICENSE>`_ file describes this in detail.
Warranty
--------
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
TO THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IS WITH YOU.
IN NO EVENT WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY
AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE LIBRARY, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY DAMAGES, EVEN IF
SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES.
Again, see the included `LICENSE <LICENSE>`_ file for specific legal details.
.. |pypi| image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/twisted.svg
.. _pypi: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/twisted
.. |gitter| image:: https://img.shields.io/gitter/room/twisted/twisted.svg
.. _gitter: https://gitter.im/twisted/twisted
.. |ci| image:: https://github.com/twisted/twisted/actions/workflows/test.yaml/badge.svg
.. _ci: https://github.com/twisted/twisted
.. |rtd| image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/twisted/badge/?version=latest&style=flat
.. _rtd: https://docs.twistedmatrix.com
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