add ydb deps

1 files changed, 2942 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/contrib/tools/python3/src/Python/getargs.c b/contrib/tools/python3/src/Python/getargs.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3105bd556c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/tools/python3/src/Python/getargs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2942 @@
+
+/* New getargs implementation */
+
+#include "Python.h"
+#include "pycore_tuple.h"         // _PyTuple_ITEMS()
+#include "pycore_pylifecycle.h"   // _PyArg_Fini
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <float.h>
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+int PyArg_Parse(PyObject *, const char *, ...);
+int PyArg_ParseTuple(PyObject *, const char *, ...);
+int PyArg_VaParse(PyObject *, const char *, va_list);
+
+int PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                                const char *, char **, ...);
+int PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                                const char *, char **, va_list);
+
+int _PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywordsFast(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                                            struct _PyArg_Parser *, ...);
+int _PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywordsFast(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                                            struct _PyArg_Parser *, va_list);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_DECLSPEC_DLL
+/* Export functions */
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_Parse_SizeT(PyObject *, const char *, ...);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_ParseStack_SizeT(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs,
+                                        const char *format, ...);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_ParseStackAndKeywords_SizeT(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs,
+                                        PyObject *kwnames,
+                                        struct _PyArg_Parser *parser, ...);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_ParseTuple_SizeT(PyObject *, const char *, ...);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords_SizeT(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                                                  const char *, char **, ...);
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _Py_BuildValue_SizeT(const char *, ...);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_VaParse_SizeT(PyObject *, const char *, va_list);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords_SizeT(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                                              const char *, char **, va_list);
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywordsFast_SizeT(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                                            struct _PyArg_Parser *, ...);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywordsFast_SizeT(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                                            struct _PyArg_Parser *, va_list);
+#endif
+
+#define FLAG_COMPAT 1
+#define FLAG_SIZE_T 2
+
+typedef int (*destr_t)(PyObject *, void *);
+
+
+/* Keep track of "objects" that have been allocated or initialized and
+   which will need to be deallocated or cleaned up somehow if overall
+   parsing fails.
+*/
+typedef struct {
+  void *item;
+  destr_t destructor;
+} freelistentry_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+  freelistentry_t *entries;
+  int first_available;
+  int entries_malloced;
+} freelist_t;
+
+#define STATIC_FREELIST_ENTRIES 8
+
+/* Forward */
+static int vgetargs1_impl(PyObject *args, PyObject *const *stack, Py_ssize_t nargs,
+                          const char *format, va_list *p_va, int flags);
+static int vgetargs1(PyObject *, const char *, va_list *, int);
+static void seterror(Py_ssize_t, const char *, int *, const char *, const char *);
+static const char *convertitem(PyObject *, const char **, va_list *, int, int *,
+                               char *, size_t, freelist_t *);
+static const char *converttuple(PyObject *, const char **, va_list *, int,
+                                int *, char *, size_t, int, freelist_t *);
+static const char *convertsimple(PyObject *, const char **, va_list *, int,
+                                 char *, size_t, freelist_t *);
+static Py_ssize_t convertbuffer(PyObject *, const void **p, const char **);
+static int getbuffer(PyObject *, Py_buffer *, const char**);
+
+static int vgetargskeywords(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                            const char *, char **, va_list *, int);
+static int vgetargskeywordsfast(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                            struct _PyArg_Parser *, va_list *, int);
+static int vgetargskeywordsfast_impl(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs,
+                          PyObject *keywords, PyObject *kwnames,
+                          struct _PyArg_Parser *parser,
+                          va_list *p_va, int flags);
+static const char *skipitem(const char **, va_list *, int);
+
+int
+PyArg_Parse(PyObject *args, const char *format, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    va_start(va, format);
+    retval = vgetargs1(args, format, &va, FLAG_COMPAT);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_Parse_SizeT(PyObject *args, const char *format, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    va_start(va, format);
+    retval = vgetargs1(args, format, &va, FLAG_COMPAT|FLAG_SIZE_T);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+int
+PyArg_ParseTuple(PyObject *args, const char *format, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    va_start(va, format);
+    retval = vgetargs1(args, format, &va, 0);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_ParseTuple_SizeT(PyObject *args, const char *format, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    va_start(va, format);
+    retval = vgetargs1(args, format, &va, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+int
+_PyArg_ParseStack(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs, const char *format, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    va_start(va, format);
+    retval = vgetargs1_impl(NULL, args, nargs, format, &va, 0);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_ParseStack_SizeT(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs, const char *format, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    va_start(va, format);
+    retval = vgetargs1_impl(NULL, args, nargs, format, &va, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+int
+PyArg_VaParse(PyObject *args, const char *format, va_list va)
+{
+    va_list lva;
+    int retval;
+
+    va_copy(lva, va);
+
+    retval = vgetargs1(args, format, &lva, 0);
+    va_end(lva);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_VaParse_SizeT(PyObject *args, const char *format, va_list va)
+{
+    va_list lva;
+    int retval;
+
+    va_copy(lva, va);
+
+    retval = vgetargs1(args, format, &lva, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+    va_end(lva);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+/* Handle cleanup of allocated memory in case of exception */
+
+static int
+cleanup_ptr(PyObject *self, void *ptr)
+{
+    void **pptr = (void **)ptr;
+    PyMem_Free(*pptr);
+    *pptr = NULL;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+cleanup_buffer(PyObject *self, void *ptr)
+{
+    Py_buffer *buf = (Py_buffer *)ptr;
+    if (buf) {
+        PyBuffer_Release(buf);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+addcleanup(void *ptr, freelist_t *freelist, destr_t destructor)
+{
+    int index;
+
+    index = freelist->first_available;
+    freelist->first_available += 1;
+
+    freelist->entries[index].item = ptr;
+    freelist->entries[index].destructor = destructor;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+cleanreturn(int retval, freelist_t *freelist)
+{
+    int index;
+
+    if (retval == 0) {
+      /* A failure occurred, therefore execute all of the cleanup
+         functions.
+      */
+      for (index = 0; index < freelist->first_available; ++index) {
+          freelist->entries[index].destructor(NULL,
+                                              freelist->entries[index].item);
+      }
+    }
+    if (freelist->entries_malloced)
+        PyMem_Free(freelist->entries);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+static int
+vgetargs1_impl(PyObject *compat_args, PyObject *const *stack, Py_ssize_t nargs, const char *format,
+               va_list *p_va, int flags)
+{
+    char msgbuf[256];
+    int levels[32];
+    const char *fname = NULL;
+    const char *message = NULL;
+    int min = -1;
+    int max = 0;
+    int level = 0;
+    int endfmt = 0;
+    const char *formatsave = format;
+    Py_ssize_t i;
+    const char *msg;
+    int compat = flags & FLAG_COMPAT;
+    freelistentry_t static_entries[STATIC_FREELIST_ENTRIES];
+    freelist_t freelist;
+
+    assert(nargs == 0 || stack != NULL);
+
+    freelist.entries = static_entries;
+    freelist.first_available = 0;
+    freelist.entries_malloced = 0;
+
+    flags = flags & ~FLAG_COMPAT;
+
+    while (endfmt == 0) {
+        int c = *format++;
+        switch (c) {
+        case '(':
+            if (level == 0)
+                max++;
+            level++;
+            if (level >= 30)
+                Py_FatalError("too many tuple nesting levels "
+                              "in argument format string");
+            break;
+        case ')':
+            if (level == 0)
+                Py_FatalError("excess ')' in getargs format");
+            else
+                level--;
+            break;
+        case '\0':
+            endfmt = 1;
+            break;
+        case ':':
+            fname = format;
+            endfmt = 1;
+            break;
+        case ';':
+            message = format;
+            endfmt = 1;
+            break;
+        case '|':
+            if (level == 0)
+                min = max;
+            break;
+        default:
+            if (level == 0) {
+                if (Py_ISALPHA(c))
+                    if (c != 'e') /* skip encoded */
+                        max++;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (level != 0)
+        Py_FatalError(/* '(' */ "missing ')' in getargs format");
+
+    if (min < 0)
+        min = max;
+
+    format = formatsave;
+
+    if (max > STATIC_FREELIST_ENTRIES) {
+        freelist.entries = PyMem_NEW(freelistentry_t, max);
+        if (freelist.entries == NULL) {
+            PyErr_NoMemory();
+            return 0;
+        }
+        freelist.entries_malloced = 1;
+    }
+
+    if (compat) {
+        if (max == 0) {
+            if (compat_args == NULL)
+                return 1;
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                         "%.200s%s takes no arguments",
+                         fname==NULL ? "function" : fname,
+                         fname==NULL ? "" : "()");
+            return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+        }
+        else if (min == 1 && max == 1) {
+            if (compat_args == NULL) {
+                PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                             "%.200s%s takes at least one argument",
+                             fname==NULL ? "function" : fname,
+                             fname==NULL ? "" : "()");
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+            msg = convertitem(compat_args, &format, p_va, flags, levels,
+                              msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf), &freelist);
+            if (msg == NULL)
+                return cleanreturn(1, &freelist);
+            seterror(levels[0], msg, levels+1, fname, message);
+            return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+        }
+        else {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                "old style getargs format uses new features");
+            return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (nargs < min || max < nargs) {
+        if (message == NULL)
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                         "%.150s%s takes %s %d argument%s (%zd given)",
+                         fname==NULL ? "function" : fname,
+                         fname==NULL ? "" : "()",
+                         min==max ? "exactly"
+                         : nargs < min ? "at least" : "at most",
+                         nargs < min ? min : max,
+                         (nargs < min ? min : max) == 1 ? "" : "s",
+                         nargs);
+        else
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, message);
+        return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+        if (*format == '|')
+            format++;
+        msg = convertitem(stack[i], &format, p_va,
+                          flags, levels, msgbuf,
+                          sizeof(msgbuf), &freelist);
+        if (msg) {
+            seterror(i+1, msg, levels, fname, message);
+            return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (*format != '\0' && !Py_ISALPHA(*format) &&
+        *format != '(' &&
+        *format != '|' && *format != ':' && *format != ';') {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError,
+                     "bad format string: %.200s", formatsave);
+        return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+    }
+
+    return cleanreturn(1, &freelist);
+}
+
+static int
+vgetargs1(PyObject *args, const char *format, va_list *p_va, int flags)
+{
+    PyObject **stack;
+    Py_ssize_t nargs;
+
+    if (!(flags & FLAG_COMPAT)) {
+        assert(args != NULL);
+
+        if (!PyTuple_Check(args)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                "new style getargs format but argument is not a tuple");
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        stack = _PyTuple_ITEMS(args);
+        nargs = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args);
+    }
+    else {
+        stack = NULL;
+        nargs = 0;
+    }
+
+    return vgetargs1_impl(args, stack, nargs, format, p_va, flags);
+}
+
+
+static void
+seterror(Py_ssize_t iarg, const char *msg, int *levels, const char *fname,
+         const char *message)
+{
+    char buf[512];
+    int i;
+    char *p = buf;
+
+    if (PyErr_Occurred())
+        return;
+    else if (message == NULL) {
+        if (fname != NULL) {
+            PyOS_snprintf(p, sizeof(buf), "%.200s() ", fname);
+            p += strlen(p);
+        }
+        if (iarg != 0) {
+            PyOS_snprintf(p, sizeof(buf) - (p - buf),
+                          "argument %zd", iarg);
+            i = 0;
+            p += strlen(p);
+            while (i < 32 && levels[i] > 0 && (int)(p-buf) < 220) {
+                PyOS_snprintf(p, sizeof(buf) - (p - buf),
+                              ", item %d", levels[i]-1);
+                p += strlen(p);
+                i++;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            PyOS_snprintf(p, sizeof(buf) - (p - buf), "argument");
+            p += strlen(p);
+        }
+        PyOS_snprintf(p, sizeof(buf) - (p - buf), " %.256s", msg);
+        message = buf;
+    }
+    if (msg[0] == '(') {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, message);
+    }
+    else {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, message);
+    }
+}
+
+
+/* Convert a tuple argument.
+   On entry, *p_format points to the character _after_ the opening '('.
+   On successful exit, *p_format points to the closing ')'.
+   If successful:
+      *p_format and *p_va are updated,
+      *levels and *msgbuf are untouched,
+      and NULL is returned.
+   If the argument is invalid:
+      *p_format is unchanged,
+      *p_va is undefined,
+      *levels is a 0-terminated list of item numbers,
+      *msgbuf contains an error message, whose format is:
+     "must be <typename1>, not <typename2>", where:
+        <typename1> is the name of the expected type, and
+        <typename2> is the name of the actual type,
+      and msgbuf is returned.
+*/
+
+static const char *
+converttuple(PyObject *arg, const char **p_format, va_list *p_va, int flags,
+             int *levels, char *msgbuf, size_t bufsize, int toplevel,
+             freelist_t *freelist)
+{
+    int level = 0;
+    int n = 0;
+    const char *format = *p_format;
+    int i;
+    Py_ssize_t len;
+
+    for (;;) {
+        int c = *format++;
+        if (c == '(') {
+            if (level == 0)
+                n++;
+            level++;
+        }
+        else if (c == ')') {
+            if (level == 0)
+                break;
+            level--;
+        }
+        else if (c == ':' || c == ';' || c == '\0')
+            break;
+        else if (level == 0 && Py_ISALPHA(c))
+            n++;
+    }
+
+    if (!PySequence_Check(arg) || PyBytes_Check(arg)) {
+        levels[0] = 0;
+        PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, bufsize,
+                      toplevel ? "expected %d arguments, not %.50s" :
+                      "must be %d-item sequence, not %.50s",
+                  n,
+                  arg == Py_None ? "None" : Py_TYPE(arg)->tp_name);
+        return msgbuf;
+    }
+
+    len = PySequence_Size(arg);
+    if (len != n) {
+        levels[0] = 0;
+        if (toplevel) {
+            PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, bufsize,
+                          "expected %d argument%s, not %zd",
+                          n,
+                          n == 1 ? "" : "s",
+                          len);
+        }
+        else {
+            PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, bufsize,
+                          "must be sequence of length %d, not %zd",
+                          n, len);
+        }
+        return msgbuf;
+    }
+
+    format = *p_format;
+    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        const char *msg;
+        PyObject *item;
+        item = PySequence_GetItem(arg, i);
+        if (item == NULL) {
+            PyErr_Clear();
+            levels[0] = i+1;
+            levels[1] = 0;
+            strncpy(msgbuf, "is not retrievable", bufsize);
+            return msgbuf;
+        }
+        msg = convertitem(item, &format, p_va, flags, levels+1,
+                          msgbuf, bufsize, freelist);
+        /* PySequence_GetItem calls tp->sq_item, which INCREFs */
+        Py_XDECREF(item);
+        if (msg != NULL) {
+            levels[0] = i+1;
+            return msg;
+        }
+    }
+
+    *p_format = format;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+
+/* Convert a single item. */
+
+static const char *
+convertitem(PyObject *arg, const char **p_format, va_list *p_va, int flags,
+            int *levels, char *msgbuf, size_t bufsize, freelist_t *freelist)
+{
+    const char *msg;
+    const char *format = *p_format;
+
+    if (*format == '(' /* ')' */) {
+        format++;
+        msg = converttuple(arg, &format, p_va, flags, levels, msgbuf,
+                           bufsize, 0, freelist);
+        if (msg == NULL)
+            format++;
+    }
+    else {
+        msg = convertsimple(arg, &format, p_va, flags,
+                            msgbuf, bufsize, freelist);
+        if (msg != NULL)
+            levels[0] = 0;
+    }
+    if (msg == NULL)
+        *p_format = format;
+    return msg;
+}
+
+
+
+/* Format an error message generated by convertsimple().
+   displayname must be UTF-8 encoded.
+*/
+
+void
+_PyArg_BadArgument(const char *fname, const char *displayname,
+                   const char *expected, PyObject *arg)
+{
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                 "%.200s() %.200s must be %.50s, not %.50s",
+                 fname, displayname, expected,
+                 arg == Py_None ? "None" : Py_TYPE(arg)->tp_name);
+}
+
+static const char *
+converterr(const char *expected, PyObject *arg, char *msgbuf, size_t bufsize)
+{
+    assert(expected != NULL);
+    assert(arg != NULL);
+    if (expected[0] == '(') {
+        PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, bufsize,
+                      "%.100s", expected);
+    }
+    else {
+        PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, bufsize,
+                      "must be %.50s, not %.50s", expected,
+                      arg == Py_None ? "None" : Py_TYPE(arg)->tp_name);
+    }
+    return msgbuf;
+}
+
+#define CONV_UNICODE "(unicode conversion error)"
+
+/* Convert a non-tuple argument.  Return NULL if conversion went OK,
+   or a string with a message describing the failure.  The message is
+   formatted as "must be <desired type>, not <actual type>".
+   When failing, an exception may or may not have been raised.
+   Don't call if a tuple is expected.
+
+   When you add new format codes, please don't forget poor skipitem() below.
+*/
+
+static const char *
+convertsimple(PyObject *arg, const char **p_format, va_list *p_va, int flags,
+              char *msgbuf, size_t bufsize, freelist_t *freelist)
+{
+#define RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED return msgbuf
+    /* For # codes */
+#define REQUIRE_PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN \
+    if (!(flags & FLAG_SIZE_T)) { \
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, \
+                        "PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN macro must be defined for '#' formats"); \
+        RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED; \
+    }
+
+    const char *format = *p_format;
+    char c = *format++;
+    const char *sarg;
+
+    switch (c) {
+
+    case 'b': { /* unsigned byte -- very short int */
+        char *p = va_arg(*p_va, char *);
+        long ival = PyLong_AsLong(arg);
+        if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        else if (ival < 0) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "unsigned byte integer is less than minimum");
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        }
+        else if (ival > UCHAR_MAX) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "unsigned byte integer is greater than maximum");
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        }
+        else
+            *p = (unsigned char) ival;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'B': {/* byte sized bitfield - both signed and unsigned
+                  values allowed */
+        char *p = va_arg(*p_va, char *);
+        unsigned long ival = PyLong_AsUnsignedLongMask(arg);
+        if (ival == (unsigned long)-1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        else
+            *p = (unsigned char) ival;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'h': {/* signed short int */
+        short *p = va_arg(*p_va, short *);
+        long ival = PyLong_AsLong(arg);
+        if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        else if (ival < SHRT_MIN) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "signed short integer is less than minimum");
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        }
+        else if (ival > SHRT_MAX) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "signed short integer is greater than maximum");
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        }
+        else
+            *p = (short) ival;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'H': { /* short int sized bitfield, both signed and
+                   unsigned allowed */
+        unsigned short *p = va_arg(*p_va, unsigned short *);
+        unsigned long ival = PyLong_AsUnsignedLongMask(arg);
+        if (ival == (unsigned long)-1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        else
+            *p = (unsigned short) ival;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'i': {/* signed int */
+        int *p = va_arg(*p_va, int *);
+        long ival = PyLong_AsLong(arg);
+        if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        else if (ival > INT_MAX) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "signed integer is greater than maximum");
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        }
+        else if (ival < INT_MIN) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                            "signed integer is less than minimum");
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        }
+        else
+            *p = ival;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'I': { /* int sized bitfield, both signed and
+                   unsigned allowed */
+        unsigned int *p = va_arg(*p_va, unsigned int *);
+        unsigned long ival = PyLong_AsUnsignedLongMask(arg);
+        if (ival == (unsigned long)-1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        else
+            *p = (unsigned int) ival;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'n': /* Py_ssize_t */
+    {
+        PyObject *iobj;
+        Py_ssize_t *p = va_arg(*p_va, Py_ssize_t *);
+        Py_ssize_t ival = -1;
+        iobj = _PyNumber_Index(arg);
+        if (iobj != NULL) {
+            ival = PyLong_AsSsize_t(iobj);
+            Py_DECREF(iobj);
+        }
+        if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        *p = ival;
+        break;
+    }
+    case 'l': {/* long int */
+        long *p = va_arg(*p_va, long *);
+        long ival = PyLong_AsLong(arg);
+        if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        else
+            *p = ival;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'k': { /* long sized bitfield */
+        unsigned long *p = va_arg(*p_va, unsigned long *);
+        unsigned long ival;
+        if (PyLong_Check(arg))
+            ival = PyLong_AsUnsignedLongMask(arg);
+        else
+            return converterr("int", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        *p = ival;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'L': {/* long long */
+        long long *p = va_arg( *p_va, long long * );
+        long long ival = PyLong_AsLongLong(arg);
+        if (ival == (long long)-1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        else
+            *p = ival;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'K': { /* long long sized bitfield */
+        unsigned long long *p = va_arg(*p_va, unsigned long long *);
+        unsigned long long ival;
+        if (PyLong_Check(arg))
+            ival = PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLongMask(arg);
+        else
+            return converterr("int", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        *p = ival;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'f': {/* float */
+        float *p = va_arg(*p_va, float *);
+        double dval = PyFloat_AsDouble(arg);
+        if (dval == -1.0 && PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        else
+            *p = (float) dval;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'd': {/* double */
+        double *p = va_arg(*p_va, double *);
+        double dval = PyFloat_AsDouble(arg);
+        if (dval == -1.0 && PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        else
+            *p = dval;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'D': {/* complex double */
+        Py_complex *p = va_arg(*p_va, Py_complex *);
+        Py_complex cval;
+        cval = PyComplex_AsCComplex(arg);
+        if (PyErr_Occurred())
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        else
+            *p = cval;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'c': {/* char */
+        char *p = va_arg(*p_va, char *);
+        if (PyBytes_Check(arg) && PyBytes_Size(arg) == 1)
+            *p = PyBytes_AS_STRING(arg)[0];
+        else if (PyByteArray_Check(arg) && PyByteArray_Size(arg) == 1)
+            *p = PyByteArray_AS_STRING(arg)[0];
+        else
+            return converterr("a byte string of length 1", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'C': {/* unicode char */
+        int *p = va_arg(*p_va, int *);
+        int kind;
+        const void *data;
+
+        if (!PyUnicode_Check(arg))
+            return converterr("a unicode character", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+
+        if (PyUnicode_READY(arg))
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+
+        if (PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(arg) != 1)
+            return converterr("a unicode character", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+
+        kind = PyUnicode_KIND(arg);
+        data = PyUnicode_DATA(arg);
+        *p = PyUnicode_READ(kind, data, 0);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'p': {/* boolean *p*redicate */
+        int *p = va_arg(*p_va, int *);
+        int val = PyObject_IsTrue(arg);
+        if (val > 0)
+            *p = 1;
+        else if (val == 0)
+            *p = 0;
+        else
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    /* XXX WAAAAH!  's', 'y', 'z', 'u', 'Z', 'e', 'w' codes all
+       need to be cleaned up! */
+
+    case 'y': {/* any bytes-like object */
+        void **p = (void **)va_arg(*p_va, char **);
+        const char *buf;
+        Py_ssize_t count;
+        if (*format == '*') {
+            if (getbuffer(arg, (Py_buffer*)p, &buf) < 0)
+                return converterr(buf, arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+            format++;
+            if (addcleanup(p, freelist, cleanup_buffer)) {
+                return converterr(
+                    "(cleanup problem)",
+                    arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        count = convertbuffer(arg, (const void **)p, &buf);
+        if (count < 0)
+            return converterr(buf, arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        if (*format == '#') {
+            REQUIRE_PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN;
+            Py_ssize_t *psize = va_arg(*p_va, Py_ssize_t*);
+            *psize = count;
+            format++;
+        } else {
+            if (strlen(*p) != (size_t)count) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "embedded null byte");
+                RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+            }
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 's': /* text string or bytes-like object */
+    case 'z': /* text string, bytes-like object or None */
+    {
+        if (*format == '*') {
+            /* "s*" or "z*" */
+            Py_buffer *p = (Py_buffer *)va_arg(*p_va, Py_buffer *);
+
+            if (c == 'z' && arg == Py_None)
+                PyBuffer_FillInfo(p, NULL, NULL, 0, 1, 0);
+            else if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+                Py_ssize_t len;
+                sarg = PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(arg, &len);
+                if (sarg == NULL)
+                    return converterr(CONV_UNICODE,
+                                      arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+                PyBuffer_FillInfo(p, arg, (void *)sarg, len, 1, 0);
+            }
+            else { /* any bytes-like object */
+                const char *buf;
+                if (getbuffer(arg, p, &buf) < 0)
+                    return converterr(buf, arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+            }
+            if (addcleanup(p, freelist, cleanup_buffer)) {
+                return converterr(
+                    "(cleanup problem)",
+                    arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+            }
+            format++;
+        } else if (*format == '#') { /* a string or read-only bytes-like object */
+            /* "s#" or "z#" */
+            const void **p = (const void **)va_arg(*p_va, const char **);
+            REQUIRE_PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN;
+            Py_ssize_t *psize = va_arg(*p_va, Py_ssize_t*);
+
+            if (c == 'z' && arg == Py_None) {
+                *p = NULL;
+                *psize = 0;
+            }
+            else if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+                Py_ssize_t len;
+                sarg = PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(arg, &len);
+                if (sarg == NULL)
+                    return converterr(CONV_UNICODE,
+                                      arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+                *p = sarg;
+                *psize = len;
+            }
+            else { /* read-only bytes-like object */
+                /* XXX Really? */
+                const char *buf;
+                Py_ssize_t count = convertbuffer(arg, p, &buf);
+                if (count < 0)
+                    return converterr(buf, arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+                *psize = count;
+            }
+            format++;
+        } else {
+            /* "s" or "z" */
+            const char **p = va_arg(*p_va, const char **);
+            Py_ssize_t len;
+            sarg = NULL;
+
+            if (c == 'z' && arg == Py_None)
+                *p = NULL;
+            else if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+                sarg = PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(arg, &len);
+                if (sarg == NULL)
+                    return converterr(CONV_UNICODE,
+                                      arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+                if (strlen(sarg) != (size_t)len) {
+                    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "embedded null character");
+                    RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+                }
+                *p = sarg;
+            }
+            else
+                return converterr(c == 'z' ? "str or None" : "str",
+                                  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'u': /* raw unicode buffer (Py_UNICODE *) */
+    case 'Z': /* raw unicode buffer or None */
+    {
+        if (PyErr_WarnFormat(PyExc_DeprecationWarning, 1,
+                "getargs: The '%c' format is deprecated. Use 'U' instead.", c)) {
+            RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+        }
+_Py_COMP_DIAG_PUSH
+_Py_COMP_DIAG_IGNORE_DEPR_DECLS
+        Py_UNICODE **p = va_arg(*p_va, Py_UNICODE **);
+
+        if (*format == '#') {
+            /* "u#" or "Z#" */
+            REQUIRE_PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN;
+            Py_ssize_t *psize = va_arg(*p_va, Py_ssize_t*);
+
+            if (c == 'Z' && arg == Py_None) {
+                *p = NULL;
+                *psize = 0;
+            }
+            else if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+                Py_ssize_t len;
+                *p = PyUnicode_AsUnicodeAndSize(arg, &len);
+                if (*p == NULL)
+                    RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+                *psize = len;
+            }
+            else
+                return converterr(c == 'Z' ? "str or None" : "str",
+                                  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+            format++;
+        } else {
+            /* "u" or "Z" */
+            if (c == 'Z' && arg == Py_None)
+                *p = NULL;
+            else if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+                Py_ssize_t len;
+                *p = PyUnicode_AsUnicodeAndSize(arg, &len);
+                if (*p == NULL)
+                    RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+                if (wcslen(*p) != (size_t)len) {
+                    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "embedded null character");
+                    RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+                }
+            } else
+                return converterr(c == 'Z' ? "str or None" : "str",
+                                  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        }
+        break;
+_Py_COMP_DIAG_POP
+    }
+
+    case 'e': {/* encoded string */
+        char **buffer;
+        const char *encoding;
+        PyObject *s;
+        int recode_strings;
+        Py_ssize_t size;
+        const char *ptr;
+
+        /* Get 'e' parameter: the encoding name */
+        encoding = (const char *)va_arg(*p_va, const char *);
+        if (encoding == NULL)
+            encoding = PyUnicode_GetDefaultEncoding();
+
+        /* Get output buffer parameter:
+           's' (recode all objects via Unicode) or
+           't' (only recode non-string objects)
+        */
+        if (*format == 's')
+            recode_strings = 1;
+        else if (*format == 't')
+            recode_strings = 0;
+        else
+            return converterr(
+                "(unknown parser marker combination)",
+                arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        buffer = (char **)va_arg(*p_va, char **);
+        format++;
+        if (buffer == NULL)
+            return converterr("(buffer is NULL)",
+                              arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+
+        /* Encode object */
+        if (!recode_strings &&
+            (PyBytes_Check(arg) || PyByteArray_Check(arg))) {
+            s = arg;
+            Py_INCREF(s);
+            if (PyBytes_Check(arg)) {
+                size = PyBytes_GET_SIZE(s);
+                ptr = PyBytes_AS_STRING(s);
+            }
+            else {
+                size = PyByteArray_GET_SIZE(s);
+                ptr = PyByteArray_AS_STRING(s);
+            }
+        }
+        else if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+            /* Encode object; use default error handling */
+            s = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(arg,
+                                          encoding,
+                                          NULL);
+            if (s == NULL)
+                return converterr("(encoding failed)",
+                                  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+            assert(PyBytes_Check(s));
+            size = PyBytes_GET_SIZE(s);
+            ptr = PyBytes_AS_STRING(s);
+            if (ptr == NULL)
+                ptr = "";
+        }
+        else {
+            return converterr(
+                recode_strings ? "str" : "str, bytes or bytearray",
+                arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        }
+
+        /* Write output; output is guaranteed to be 0-terminated */
+        if (*format == '#') {
+            /* Using buffer length parameter '#':
+
+               - if *buffer is NULL, a new buffer of the
+               needed size is allocated and the data
+               copied into it; *buffer is updated to point
+               to the new buffer; the caller is
+               responsible for PyMem_Free()ing it after
+               usage
+
+               - if *buffer is not NULL, the data is
+               copied to *buffer; *buffer_len has to be
+               set to the size of the buffer on input;
+               buffer overflow is signalled with an error;
+               buffer has to provide enough room for the
+               encoded string plus the trailing 0-byte
+
+               - in both cases, *buffer_len is updated to
+               the size of the buffer /excluding/ the
+               trailing 0-byte
+
+            */
+            REQUIRE_PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN;
+            Py_ssize_t *psize = va_arg(*p_va, Py_ssize_t*);
+
+            format++;
+            if (psize == NULL) {
+                Py_DECREF(s);
+                return converterr(
+                    "(buffer_len is NULL)",
+                    arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+            }
+            if (*buffer == NULL) {
+                *buffer = PyMem_NEW(char, size + 1);
+                if (*buffer == NULL) {
+                    Py_DECREF(s);
+                    PyErr_NoMemory();
+                    RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+                }
+                if (addcleanup(buffer, freelist, cleanup_ptr)) {
+                    Py_DECREF(s);
+                    return converterr(
+                        "(cleanup problem)",
+                        arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (size + 1 > *psize) {
+                    Py_DECREF(s);
+                    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                 "encoded string too long "
+                                 "(%zd, maximum length %zd)",
+                                 (Py_ssize_t)size, (Py_ssize_t)(*psize - 1));
+                    RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+                }
+            }
+            memcpy(*buffer, ptr, size+1);
+
+            *psize = size;
+        }
+        else {
+            /* Using a 0-terminated buffer:
+
+               - the encoded string has to be 0-terminated
+               for this variant to work; if it is not, an
+               error raised
+
+               - a new buffer of the needed size is
+               allocated and the data copied into it;
+               *buffer is updated to point to the new
+               buffer; the caller is responsible for
+               PyMem_Free()ing it after usage
+
+            */
+            if ((Py_ssize_t)strlen(ptr) != size) {
+                Py_DECREF(s);
+                return converterr(
+                    "encoded string without null bytes",
+                    arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+            }
+            *buffer = PyMem_NEW(char, size + 1);
+            if (*buffer == NULL) {
+                Py_DECREF(s);
+                PyErr_NoMemory();
+                RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+            }
+            if (addcleanup(buffer, freelist, cleanup_ptr)) {
+                Py_DECREF(s);
+                return converterr("(cleanup problem)",
+                                arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+            }
+            memcpy(*buffer, ptr, size+1);
+        }
+        Py_DECREF(s);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'S': { /* PyBytes object */
+        PyObject **p = va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+        if (PyBytes_Check(arg))
+            *p = arg;
+        else
+            return converterr("bytes", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'Y': { /* PyByteArray object */
+        PyObject **p = va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+        if (PyByteArray_Check(arg))
+            *p = arg;
+        else
+            return converterr("bytearray", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'U': { /* PyUnicode object */
+        PyObject **p = va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+        if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+            if (PyUnicode_READY(arg) == -1)
+                RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED;
+            *p = arg;
+        }
+        else
+            return converterr("str", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    case 'O': { /* object */
+        PyTypeObject *type;
+        PyObject **p;
+        if (*format == '!') {
+            type = va_arg(*p_va, PyTypeObject*);
+            p = va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+            format++;
+            if (PyType_IsSubtype(Py_TYPE(arg), type))
+                *p = arg;
+            else
+                return converterr(type->tp_name, arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+
+        }
+        else if (*format == '&') {
+            typedef int (*converter)(PyObject *, void *);
+            converter convert = va_arg(*p_va, converter);
+            void *addr = va_arg(*p_va, void *);
+            int res;
+            format++;
+            if (! (res = (*convert)(arg, addr)))
+                return converterr("(unspecified)",
+                                  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+            if (res == Py_CLEANUP_SUPPORTED &&
+                addcleanup(addr, freelist, convert) == -1)
+                return converterr("(cleanup problem)",
+                                arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        }
+        else {
+            p = va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+            *p = arg;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+
+    case 'w': { /* "w*": memory buffer, read-write access */
+        void **p = va_arg(*p_va, void **);
+
+        if (*format != '*')
+            return converterr(
+                "(invalid use of 'w' format character)",
+                arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        format++;
+
+        /* Caller is interested in Py_buffer, and the object
+           supports it directly. */
+        if (PyObject_GetBuffer(arg, (Py_buffer*)p, PyBUF_WRITABLE) < 0) {
+            PyErr_Clear();
+            return converterr("read-write bytes-like object",
+                              arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        }
+        if (!PyBuffer_IsContiguous((Py_buffer*)p, 'C')) {
+            PyBuffer_Release((Py_buffer*)p);
+            return converterr("contiguous buffer", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        }
+        if (addcleanup(p, freelist, cleanup_buffer)) {
+            return converterr(
+                "(cleanup problem)",
+                arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+    default:
+        return converterr("(impossible<bad format char>)", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+
+    }
+
+    *p_format = format;
+    return NULL;
+
+#undef REQUIRE_PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
+#undef RETURN_ERR_OCCURRED
+}
+
+static Py_ssize_t
+convertbuffer(PyObject *arg, const void **p, const char **errmsg)
+{
+    PyBufferProcs *pb = Py_TYPE(arg)->tp_as_buffer;
+    Py_ssize_t count;
+    Py_buffer view;
+
+    *errmsg = NULL;
+    *p = NULL;
+    if (pb != NULL && pb->bf_releasebuffer != NULL) {
+        *errmsg = "read-only bytes-like object";
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (getbuffer(arg, &view, errmsg) < 0)
+        return -1;
+    count = view.len;
+    *p = view.buf;
+    PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+    return count;
+}
+
+static int
+getbuffer(PyObject *arg, Py_buffer *view, const char **errmsg)
+{
+    if (PyObject_GetBuffer(arg, view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) != 0) {
+        *errmsg = "bytes-like object";
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (!PyBuffer_IsContiguous(view, 'C')) {
+        PyBuffer_Release(view);
+        *errmsg = "contiguous buffer";
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* Support for keyword arguments donated by
+   Geoff Philbrick <philbric@delphi.hks.com> */
+
+/* Return false (0) for error, else true. */
+int
+PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(PyObject *args,
+                            PyObject *keywords,
+                            const char *format,
+                            char **kwlist, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    if ((args == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(args)) ||
+        (keywords != NULL && !PyDict_Check(keywords)) ||
+        format == NULL ||
+        kwlist == NULL)
+    {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    va_start(va, kwlist);
+    retval = vgetargskeywords(args, keywords, format, kwlist, &va, 0);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords_SizeT(PyObject *args,
+                                  PyObject *keywords,
+                                  const char *format,
+                                  char **kwlist, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    if ((args == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(args)) ||
+        (keywords != NULL && !PyDict_Check(keywords)) ||
+        format == NULL ||
+        kwlist == NULL)
+    {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    va_start(va, kwlist);
+    retval = vgetargskeywords(args, keywords, format,
+                              kwlist, &va, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+int
+PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords(PyObject *args,
+                              PyObject *keywords,
+                              const char *format,
+                              char **kwlist, va_list va)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list lva;
+
+    if ((args == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(args)) ||
+        (keywords != NULL && !PyDict_Check(keywords)) ||
+        format == NULL ||
+        kwlist == NULL)
+    {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    va_copy(lva, va);
+
+    retval = vgetargskeywords(args, keywords, format, kwlist, &lva, 0);
+    va_end(lva);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords_SizeT(PyObject *args,
+                                    PyObject *keywords,
+                                    const char *format,
+                                    char **kwlist, va_list va)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list lva;
+
+    if ((args == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(args)) ||
+        (keywords != NULL && !PyDict_Check(keywords)) ||
+        format == NULL ||
+        kwlist == NULL)
+    {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    va_copy(lva, va);
+
+    retval = vgetargskeywords(args, keywords, format,
+                              kwlist, &lva, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+    va_end(lva);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywordsFast(PyObject *args, PyObject *keywords,
+                            struct _PyArg_Parser *parser, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    va_start(va, parser);
+    retval = vgetargskeywordsfast(args, keywords, parser, &va, 0);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywordsFast_SizeT(PyObject *args, PyObject *keywords,
+                            struct _PyArg_Parser *parser, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    va_start(va, parser);
+    retval = vgetargskeywordsfast(args, keywords, parser, &va, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_ParseStackAndKeywords(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs, PyObject *kwnames,
+                  struct _PyArg_Parser *parser, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    va_start(va, parser);
+    retval = vgetargskeywordsfast_impl(args, nargs, NULL, kwnames, parser, &va, 0);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_ParseStackAndKeywords_SizeT(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs, PyObject *kwnames,
+                        struct _PyArg_Parser *parser, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list va;
+
+    va_start(va, parser);
+    retval = vgetargskeywordsfast_impl(args, nargs, NULL, kwnames, parser, &va, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+    va_end(va);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywordsFast(PyObject *args, PyObject *keywords,
+                            struct _PyArg_Parser *parser, va_list va)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list lva;
+
+    va_copy(lva, va);
+
+    retval = vgetargskeywordsfast(args, keywords, parser, &lva, 0);
+    va_end(lva);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int)
+_PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywordsFast_SizeT(PyObject *args, PyObject *keywords,
+                            struct _PyArg_Parser *parser, va_list va)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list lva;
+
+    va_copy(lva, va);
+
+    retval = vgetargskeywordsfast(args, keywords, parser, &lva, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+    va_end(lva);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+static void
+error_unexpected_keyword_arg(PyObject *kwargs, PyObject *kwnames, PyObject *kwtuple, const char *fname)
+{
+    /* make sure there are no extraneous keyword arguments */
+    Py_ssize_t j = 0;
+    while (1) {
+        PyObject *keyword;
+        if (kwargs != NULL) {
+            if (!PyDict_Next(kwargs, &j, &keyword, NULL))
+                break;
+        }
+        else {
+            if (j >= PyTuple_GET_SIZE(kwnames))
+                break;
+            keyword = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwnames, j);
+            j++;
+        }
+        if (!PyUnicode_Check(keyword)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                            "keywords must be strings");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        int match = PySequence_Contains(kwtuple, keyword);
+        if (match <= 0) {
+            if (!match) {
+                PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                             "'%S' is an invalid keyword "
+                             "argument for %.200s%s",
+                             keyword,
+                             (fname == NULL) ? "this function" : fname,
+                             (fname == NULL) ? "" : "()");
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    /* Something wrong happened. There are extraneous keyword arguments,
+     * but we don't know what. And we don't bother. */
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                 "invalid keyword argument for %.200s%s",
+                 (fname == NULL) ? "this function" : fname,
+                 (fname == NULL) ? "" : "()");
+}
+
+int
+PyArg_ValidateKeywordArguments(PyObject *kwargs)
+{
+    if (!PyDict_Check(kwargs)) {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (!_PyDict_HasOnlyStringKeys(kwargs)) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                        "keywords must be strings");
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+#define IS_END_OF_FORMAT(c) (c == '\0' || c == ';' || c == ':')
+
+static int
+vgetargskeywords(PyObject *args, PyObject *kwargs, const char *format,
+                 char **kwlist, va_list *p_va, int flags)
+{
+    char msgbuf[512];
+    int levels[32];
+    const char *fname, *msg, *custom_msg;
+    int min = INT_MAX;
+    int max = INT_MAX;
+    int i, pos, len;
+    int skip = 0;
+    Py_ssize_t nargs, nkwargs;
+    PyObject *current_arg;
+    freelistentry_t static_entries[STATIC_FREELIST_ENTRIES];
+    freelist_t freelist;
+
+    freelist.entries = static_entries;
+    freelist.first_available = 0;
+    freelist.entries_malloced = 0;
+
+    assert(args != NULL && PyTuple_Check(args));
+    assert(kwargs == NULL || PyDict_Check(kwargs));
+    assert(format != NULL);
+    assert(kwlist != NULL);
+    assert(p_va != NULL);
+
+    /* grab the function name or custom error msg first (mutually exclusive) */
+    fname = strchr(format, ':');
+    if (fname) {
+        fname++;
+        custom_msg = NULL;
+    }
+    else {
+        custom_msg = strchr(format,';');
+        if (custom_msg)
+            custom_msg++;
+    }
+
+    /* scan kwlist and count the number of positional-only parameters */
+    for (pos = 0; kwlist[pos] && !*kwlist[pos]; pos++) {
+    }
+    /* scan kwlist and get greatest possible nbr of args */
+    for (len = pos; kwlist[len]; len++) {
+        if (!*kwlist[len]) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                            "Empty keyword parameter name");
+            return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (len > STATIC_FREELIST_ENTRIES) {
+        freelist.entries = PyMem_NEW(freelistentry_t, len);
+        if (freelist.entries == NULL) {
+            PyErr_NoMemory();
+            return 0;
+        }
+        freelist.entries_malloced = 1;
+    }
+
+    nargs = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args);
+    nkwargs = (kwargs == NULL) ? 0 : PyDict_GET_SIZE(kwargs);
+    if (nargs + nkwargs > len) {
+        /* Adding "keyword" (when nargs == 0) prevents producing wrong error
+           messages in some special cases (see bpo-31229). */
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                     "%.200s%s takes at most %d %sargument%s (%zd given)",
+                     (fname == NULL) ? "function" : fname,
+                     (fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                     len,
+                     (nargs == 0) ? "keyword " : "",
+                     (len == 1) ? "" : "s",
+                     nargs + nkwargs);
+        return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+    }
+
+    /* convert tuple args and keyword args in same loop, using kwlist to drive process */
+    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        if (*format == '|') {
+            if (min != INT_MAX) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                                "Invalid format string (| specified twice)");
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+
+            min = i;
+            format++;
+
+            if (max != INT_MAX) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                                "Invalid format string ($ before |)");
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+        }
+        if (*format == '$') {
+            if (max != INT_MAX) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                                "Invalid format string ($ specified twice)");
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+
+            max = i;
+            format++;
+
+            if (max < pos) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                                "Empty parameter name after $");
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+            if (skip) {
+                /* Now we know the minimal and the maximal numbers of
+                 * positional arguments and can raise an exception with
+                 * informative message (see below). */
+                break;
+            }
+            if (max < nargs) {
+                if (max == 0) {
+                    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                                 "%.200s%s takes no positional arguments",
+                                 (fname == NULL) ? "function" : fname,
+                                 (fname == NULL) ? "" : "()");
+                }
+                else {
+                    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                                 "%.200s%s takes %s %d positional argument%s"
+                                 " (%zd given)",
+                                 (fname == NULL) ? "function" : fname,
+                                 (fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                                 (min != INT_MAX) ? "at most" : "exactly",
+                                 max,
+                                 max == 1 ? "" : "s",
+                                 nargs);
+                }
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+        }
+        if (IS_END_OF_FORMAT(*format)) {
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError,
+                         "More keyword list entries (%d) than "
+                         "format specifiers (%d)", len, i);
+            return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+        }
+        if (!skip) {
+            if (i < nargs) {
+                current_arg = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, i);
+            }
+            else if (nkwargs && i >= pos) {
+                current_arg = _PyDict_GetItemStringWithError(kwargs, kwlist[i]);
+                if (current_arg) {
+                    --nkwargs;
+                }
+                else if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
+                    return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                current_arg = NULL;
+            }
+
+            if (current_arg) {
+                msg = convertitem(current_arg, &format, p_va, flags,
+                    levels, msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf), &freelist);
+                if (msg) {
+                    seterror(i+1, msg, levels, fname, custom_msg);
+                    return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (i < min) {
+                if (i < pos) {
+                    assert (min == INT_MAX);
+                    assert (max == INT_MAX);
+                    skip = 1;
+                    /* At that moment we still don't know the minimal and
+                     * the maximal numbers of positional arguments.  Raising
+                     * an exception is deferred until we encounter | and $
+                     * or the end of the format. */
+                }
+                else {
+                    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,  "%.200s%s missing required "
+                                 "argument '%s' (pos %d)",
+                                 (fname == NULL) ? "function" : fname,
+                                 (fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                                 kwlist[i], i+1);
+                    return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+                }
+            }
+            /* current code reports success when all required args
+             * fulfilled and no keyword args left, with no further
+             * validation. XXX Maybe skip this in debug build ?
+             */
+            if (!nkwargs && !skip) {
+                return cleanreturn(1, &freelist);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* We are into optional args, skip through to any remaining
+         * keyword args */
+        msg = skipitem(&format, p_va, flags);
+        if (msg) {
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError, "%s: '%s'", msg,
+                         format);
+            return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (skip) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                     "%.200s%s takes %s %d positional argument%s"
+                     " (%zd given)",
+                     (fname == NULL) ? "function" : fname,
+                     (fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                     (Py_MIN(pos, min) < i) ? "at least" : "exactly",
+                     Py_MIN(pos, min),
+                     Py_MIN(pos, min) == 1 ? "" : "s",
+                     nargs);
+        return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+    }
+
+    if (!IS_END_OF_FORMAT(*format) && (*format != '|') && (*format != '$')) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError,
+            "more argument specifiers than keyword list entries "
+            "(remaining format:'%s')", format);
+        return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+    }
+
+    if (nkwargs > 0) {
+        PyObject *key;
+        Py_ssize_t j;
+        /* make sure there are no arguments given by name and position */
+        for (i = pos; i < nargs; i++) {
+            current_arg = _PyDict_GetItemStringWithError(kwargs, kwlist[i]);
+            if (current_arg) {
+                /* arg present in tuple and in dict */
+                PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                             "argument for %.200s%s given by name ('%s') "
+                             "and position (%d)",
+                             (fname == NULL) ? "function" : fname,
+                             (fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                             kwlist[i], i+1);
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+            else if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+        }
+        /* make sure there are no extraneous keyword arguments */
+        j = 0;
+        while (PyDict_Next(kwargs, &j, &key, NULL)) {
+            int match = 0;
+            if (!PyUnicode_Check(key)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                                "keywords must be strings");
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+            for (i = pos; i < len; i++) {
+                if (_PyUnicode_EqualToASCIIString(key, kwlist[i])) {
+                    match = 1;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (!match) {
+                PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                             "'%U' is an invalid keyword "
+                             "argument for %.200s%s",
+                             key,
+                             (fname == NULL) ? "this function" : fname,
+                             (fname == NULL) ? "" : "()");
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+        }
+        /* Something wrong happened. There are extraneous keyword arguments,
+         * but we don't know what. And we don't bother. */
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                     "invalid keyword argument for %.200s%s",
+                     (fname == NULL) ? "this function" : fname,
+                     (fname == NULL) ? "" : "()");
+        return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+    }
+
+    return cleanreturn(1, &freelist);
+}
+
+
+/* List of static parsers. */
+static struct _PyArg_Parser *static_arg_parsers = NULL;
+
+static int
+parser_init(struct _PyArg_Parser *parser)
+{
+    const char * const *keywords;
+    const char *format, *msg;
+    int i, len, min, max, nkw;
+    PyObject *kwtuple;
+
+    assert(parser->keywords != NULL);
+    if (parser->kwtuple != NULL) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    keywords = parser->keywords;
+    /* scan keywords and count the number of positional-only parameters */
+    for (i = 0; keywords[i] && !*keywords[i]; i++) {
+    }
+    parser->pos = i;
+    /* scan keywords and get greatest possible nbr of args */
+    for (; keywords[i]; i++) {
+        if (!*keywords[i]) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                            "Empty keyword parameter name");
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    len = i;
+
+    format = parser->format;
+    if (format) {
+        /* grab the function name or custom error msg first (mutually exclusive) */
+        parser->fname = strchr(parser->format, ':');
+        if (parser->fname) {
+            parser->fname++;
+            parser->custom_msg = NULL;
+        }
+        else {
+            parser->custom_msg = strchr(parser->format,';');
+            if (parser->custom_msg)
+                parser->custom_msg++;
+        }
+
+        min = max = INT_MAX;
+        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+            if (*format == '|') {
+                if (min != INT_MAX) {
+                    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                                    "Invalid format string (| specified twice)");
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                if (max != INT_MAX) {
+                    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                                    "Invalid format string ($ before |)");
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                min = i;
+                format++;
+            }
+            if (*format == '$') {
+                if (max != INT_MAX) {
+                    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                                    "Invalid format string ($ specified twice)");
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                if (i < parser->pos) {
+                    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+                                    "Empty parameter name after $");
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                max = i;
+                format++;
+            }
+            if (IS_END_OF_FORMAT(*format)) {
+                PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError,
+                            "More keyword list entries (%d) than "
+                            "format specifiers (%d)", len, i);
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            msg = skipitem(&format, NULL, 0);
+            if (msg) {
+                PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError, "%s: '%s'", msg,
+                            format);
+                return 0;
+            }
+        }
+        parser->min = Py_MIN(min, len);
+        parser->max = Py_MIN(max, len);
+
+        if (!IS_END_OF_FORMAT(*format) && (*format != '|') && (*format != '$')) {
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError,
+                "more argument specifiers than keyword list entries "
+                "(remaining format:'%s')", format);
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    nkw = len - parser->pos;
+    kwtuple = PyTuple_New(nkw);
+    if (kwtuple == NULL) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    keywords = parser->keywords + parser->pos;
+    for (i = 0; i < nkw; i++) {
+        PyObject *str = PyUnicode_FromString(keywords[i]);
+        if (str == NULL) {
+            Py_DECREF(kwtuple);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        PyUnicode_InternInPlace(&str);
+        PyTuple_SET_ITEM(kwtuple, i, str);
+    }
+    parser->kwtuple = kwtuple;
+
+    assert(parser->next == NULL);
+    parser->next = static_arg_parsers;
+    static_arg_parsers = parser;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static void
+parser_clear(struct _PyArg_Parser *parser)
+{
+    Py_CLEAR(parser->kwtuple);
+}
+
+static PyObject*
+find_keyword(PyObject *kwnames, PyObject *const *kwstack, PyObject *key)
+{
+    Py_ssize_t i, nkwargs;
+
+    nkwargs = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(kwnames);
+    for (i = 0; i < nkwargs; i++) {
+        PyObject *kwname = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwnames, i);
+
+        /* kwname == key will normally find a match in since keyword keys
+           should be interned strings; if not retry below in a new loop. */
+        if (kwname == key) {
+            return kwstack[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < nkwargs; i++) {
+        PyObject *kwname = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwnames, i);
+        assert(PyUnicode_Check(kwname));
+        if (_PyUnicode_EQ(kwname, key)) {
+            return kwstack[i];
+        }
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static int
+vgetargskeywordsfast_impl(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs,
+                          PyObject *kwargs, PyObject *kwnames,
+                          struct _PyArg_Parser *parser,
+                          va_list *p_va, int flags)
+{
+    PyObject *kwtuple;
+    char msgbuf[512];
+    int levels[32];
+    const char *format;
+    const char *msg;
+    PyObject *keyword;
+    int i, pos, len;
+    Py_ssize_t nkwargs;
+    PyObject *current_arg;
+    freelistentry_t static_entries[STATIC_FREELIST_ENTRIES];
+    freelist_t freelist;
+    PyObject *const *kwstack = NULL;
+
+    freelist.entries = static_entries;
+    freelist.first_available = 0;
+    freelist.entries_malloced = 0;
+
+    assert(kwargs == NULL || PyDict_Check(kwargs));
+    assert(kwargs == NULL || kwnames == NULL);
+    assert(p_va != NULL);
+
+    if (parser == NULL) {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (kwnames != NULL && !PyTuple_Check(kwnames)) {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (!parser_init(parser)) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    kwtuple = parser->kwtuple;
+    pos = parser->pos;
+    len = pos + (int)PyTuple_GET_SIZE(kwtuple);
+
+    if (len > STATIC_FREELIST_ENTRIES) {
+        freelist.entries = PyMem_NEW(freelistentry_t, len);
+        if (freelist.entries == NULL) {
+            PyErr_NoMemory();
+            return 0;
+        }
+        freelist.entries_malloced = 1;
+    }
+
+    if (kwargs != NULL) {
+        nkwargs = PyDict_GET_SIZE(kwargs);
+    }
+    else if (kwnames != NULL) {
+        nkwargs = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(kwnames);
+        kwstack = args + nargs;
+    }
+    else {
+        nkwargs = 0;
+    }
+    if (nargs + nkwargs > len) {
+        /* Adding "keyword" (when nargs == 0) prevents producing wrong error
+           messages in some special cases (see bpo-31229). */
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                     "%.200s%s takes at most %d %sargument%s (%zd given)",
+                     (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                     (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                     len,
+                     (nargs == 0) ? "keyword " : "",
+                     (len == 1) ? "" : "s",
+                     nargs + nkwargs);
+        return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+    }
+    if (parser->max < nargs) {
+        if (parser->max == 0) {
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                         "%.200s%s takes no positional arguments",
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()");
+        }
+        else {
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                         "%.200s%s takes %s %d positional argument%s (%zd given)",
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                         (parser->min < parser->max) ? "at most" : "exactly",
+                         parser->max,
+                         parser->max == 1 ? "" : "s",
+                         nargs);
+        }
+        return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+    }
+
+    format = parser->format;
+    /* convert tuple args and keyword args in same loop, using kwtuple to drive process */
+    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        if (*format == '|') {
+            format++;
+        }
+        if (*format == '$') {
+            format++;
+        }
+        assert(!IS_END_OF_FORMAT(*format));
+
+        if (i < nargs) {
+            current_arg = args[i];
+        }
+        else if (nkwargs && i >= pos) {
+            keyword = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwtuple, i - pos);
+            if (kwargs != NULL) {
+                current_arg = PyDict_GetItemWithError(kwargs, keyword);
+                if (!current_arg && PyErr_Occurred()) {
+                    return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                current_arg = find_keyword(kwnames, kwstack, keyword);
+            }
+            if (current_arg) {
+                --nkwargs;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            current_arg = NULL;
+        }
+
+        if (current_arg) {
+            msg = convertitem(current_arg, &format, p_va, flags,
+                levels, msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf), &freelist);
+            if (msg) {
+                seterror(i+1, msg, levels, parser->fname, parser->custom_msg);
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (i < parser->min) {
+            /* Less arguments than required */
+            if (i < pos) {
+                Py_ssize_t min = Py_MIN(pos, parser->min);
+                PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                             "%.200s%s takes %s %d positional argument%s"
+                             " (%zd given)",
+                             (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                             (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                             min < parser->max ? "at least" : "exactly",
+                             min,
+                             min == 1 ? "" : "s",
+                             nargs);
+            }
+            else {
+                keyword = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwtuple, i - pos);
+                PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,  "%.200s%s missing required "
+                             "argument '%U' (pos %d)",
+                             (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                             (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                             keyword, i+1);
+            }
+            return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+        }
+        /* current code reports success when all required args
+         * fulfilled and no keyword args left, with no further
+         * validation. XXX Maybe skip this in debug build ?
+         */
+        if (!nkwargs) {
+            return cleanreturn(1, &freelist);
+        }
+
+        /* We are into optional args, skip through to any remaining
+         * keyword args */
+        msg = skipitem(&format, p_va, flags);
+        assert(msg == NULL);
+    }
+
+    assert(IS_END_OF_FORMAT(*format) || (*format == '|') || (*format == '$'));
+
+    if (nkwargs > 0) {
+        /* make sure there are no arguments given by name and position */
+        for (i = pos; i < nargs; i++) {
+            keyword = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwtuple, i - pos);
+            if (kwargs != NULL) {
+                current_arg = PyDict_GetItemWithError(kwargs, keyword);
+                if (!current_arg && PyErr_Occurred()) {
+                    return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                current_arg = find_keyword(kwnames, kwstack, keyword);
+            }
+            if (current_arg) {
+                /* arg present in tuple and in dict */
+                PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                             "argument for %.200s%s given by name ('%U') "
+                             "and position (%d)",
+                             (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                             (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                             keyword, i+1);
+                return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+            }
+        }
+
+        error_unexpected_keyword_arg(kwargs, kwnames, kwtuple, parser->fname);
+        return cleanreturn(0, &freelist);
+    }
+
+    return cleanreturn(1, &freelist);
+}
+
+static int
+vgetargskeywordsfast(PyObject *args, PyObject *keywords,
+                     struct _PyArg_Parser *parser, va_list *p_va, int flags)
+{
+    PyObject **stack;
+    Py_ssize_t nargs;
+
+    if (args == NULL
+        || !PyTuple_Check(args)
+        || (keywords != NULL && !PyDict_Check(keywords)))
+    {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    stack = _PyTuple_ITEMS(args);
+    nargs = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args);
+    return vgetargskeywordsfast_impl(stack, nargs, keywords, NULL,
+                                     parser, p_va, flags);
+}
+
+
+#undef _PyArg_UnpackKeywords
+
+PyObject * const *
+_PyArg_UnpackKeywords(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs,
+                      PyObject *kwargs, PyObject *kwnames,
+                      struct _PyArg_Parser *parser,
+                      int minpos, int maxpos, int minkw,
+                      PyObject **buf)
+{
+    PyObject *kwtuple;
+    PyObject *keyword;
+    int i, posonly, minposonly, maxargs;
+    int reqlimit = minkw ? maxpos + minkw : minpos;
+    Py_ssize_t nkwargs;
+    PyObject *current_arg;
+    PyObject * const *kwstack = NULL;
+
+    assert(kwargs == NULL || PyDict_Check(kwargs));
+    assert(kwargs == NULL || kwnames == NULL);
+
+    if (parser == NULL) {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (kwnames != NULL && !PyTuple_Check(kwnames)) {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (args == NULL && nargs == 0) {
+        args = buf;
+    }
+
+    if (!parser_init(parser)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    kwtuple = parser->kwtuple;
+    posonly = parser->pos;
+    minposonly = Py_MIN(posonly, minpos);
+    maxargs = posonly + (int)PyTuple_GET_SIZE(kwtuple);
+
+    if (kwargs != NULL) {
+        nkwargs = PyDict_GET_SIZE(kwargs);
+    }
+    else if (kwnames != NULL) {
+        nkwargs = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(kwnames);
+        kwstack = args + nargs;
+    }
+    else {
+        nkwargs = 0;
+    }
+    if (nkwargs == 0 && minkw == 0 && minpos <= nargs && nargs <= maxpos) {
+        /* Fast path. */
+        return args;
+    }
+    if (nargs + nkwargs > maxargs) {
+        /* Adding "keyword" (when nargs == 0) prevents producing wrong error
+           messages in some special cases (see bpo-31229). */
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                     "%.200s%s takes at most %d %sargument%s (%zd given)",
+                     (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                     (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                     maxargs,
+                     (nargs == 0) ? "keyword " : "",
+                     (maxargs == 1) ? "" : "s",
+                     nargs + nkwargs);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    if (nargs > maxpos) {
+        if (maxpos == 0) {
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                         "%.200s%s takes no positional arguments",
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()");
+        }
+        else {
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                         "%.200s%s takes %s %d positional argument%s (%zd given)",
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                         (minpos < maxpos) ? "at most" : "exactly",
+                         maxpos,
+                         (maxpos == 1) ? "" : "s",
+                         nargs);
+        }
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    if (nargs < minposonly) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                     "%.200s%s takes %s %d positional argument%s"
+                     " (%zd given)",
+                     (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                     (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                     minposonly < maxpos ? "at least" : "exactly",
+                     minposonly,
+                     minposonly == 1 ? "" : "s",
+                     nargs);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* copy tuple args */
+    for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+        buf[i] = args[i];
+    }
+
+    /* copy keyword args using kwtuple to drive process */
+    for (i = Py_MAX((int)nargs, posonly); i < maxargs; i++) {
+        if (nkwargs) {
+            keyword = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwtuple, i - posonly);
+            if (kwargs != NULL) {
+                current_arg = PyDict_GetItemWithError(kwargs, keyword);
+                if (!current_arg && PyErr_Occurred()) {
+                    return NULL;
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                current_arg = find_keyword(kwnames, kwstack, keyword);
+            }
+        }
+        else if (i >= reqlimit) {
+            break;
+        }
+        else {
+            current_arg = NULL;
+        }
+
+        buf[i] = current_arg;
+
+        if (current_arg) {
+            --nkwargs;
+        }
+        else if (i < minpos || (maxpos <= i && i < reqlimit)) {
+            /* Less arguments than required */
+            keyword = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwtuple, i - posonly);
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,  "%.200s%s missing required "
+                         "argument '%U' (pos %d)",
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                         keyword, i+1);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (nkwargs > 0) {
+        /* make sure there are no arguments given by name and position */
+        for (i = posonly; i < nargs; i++) {
+            keyword = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwtuple, i - posonly);
+            if (kwargs != NULL) {
+                current_arg = PyDict_GetItemWithError(kwargs, keyword);
+                if (!current_arg && PyErr_Occurred()) {
+                    return NULL;
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                current_arg = find_keyword(kwnames, kwstack, keyword);
+            }
+            if (current_arg) {
+                /* arg present in tuple and in dict */
+                PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                             "argument for %.200s%s given by name ('%U') "
+                             "and position (%d)",
+                             (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                             (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                             keyword, i+1);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+        }
+
+        error_unexpected_keyword_arg(kwargs, kwnames, kwtuple, parser->fname);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    return buf;
+}
+
+PyObject * const *
+_PyArg_UnpackKeywordsWithVararg(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs,
+                                PyObject *kwargs, PyObject *kwnames,
+                                struct _PyArg_Parser *parser,
+                                int minpos, int maxpos, int minkw,
+                                int vararg, PyObject **buf)
+{
+    PyObject *kwtuple;
+    PyObject *keyword;
+    Py_ssize_t varargssize = 0;
+    int i, posonly, minposonly, maxargs;
+    int reqlimit = minkw ? maxpos + minkw : minpos;
+    Py_ssize_t nkwargs;
+    PyObject *current_arg;
+    PyObject * const *kwstack = NULL;
+
+    assert(kwargs == NULL || PyDict_Check(kwargs));
+    assert(kwargs == NULL || kwnames == NULL);
+
+    if (parser == NULL) {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (kwnames != NULL && !PyTuple_Check(kwnames)) {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (args == NULL && nargs == 0) {
+        args = buf;
+    }
+
+    if (!parser_init(parser)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    kwtuple = parser->kwtuple;
+    posonly = parser->pos;
+    minposonly = Py_MIN(posonly, minpos);
+    maxargs = posonly + (int)PyTuple_GET_SIZE(kwtuple);
+    if (kwargs != NULL) {
+        nkwargs = PyDict_GET_SIZE(kwargs);
+    }
+    else if (kwnames != NULL) {
+        nkwargs = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(kwnames);
+        kwstack = args + nargs;
+    }
+    else {
+        nkwargs = 0;
+    }
+    if (nargs < minposonly) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                     "%.200s%s takes %s %d positional argument%s"
+                     " (%zd given)",
+                     (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                     (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                     minposonly < maxpos ? "at least" : "exactly",
+                     minposonly,
+                     minposonly == 1 ? "" : "s",
+                     nargs);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* create varargs tuple */
+    varargssize = nargs - maxpos;
+    if (varargssize < 0) {
+        varargssize = 0;
+    }
+    buf[vararg] = PyTuple_New(varargssize);
+    if (!buf[vararg]) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* copy tuple args */
+    for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+        if (i >= vararg) {
+            Py_INCREF(args[i]);
+            PyTuple_SET_ITEM(buf[vararg], i - vararg, args[i]);
+            continue;
+        }
+        else {
+            buf[i] = args[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* copy keyword args using kwtuple to drive process */
+    for (i = Py_MAX((int)nargs, posonly) -
+         Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST(varargssize, Py_ssize_t, int); i < maxargs; i++) {
+        if (nkwargs) {
+            keyword = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwtuple, i - posonly);
+            if (kwargs != NULL) {
+                current_arg = PyDict_GetItemWithError(kwargs, keyword);
+                if (!current_arg && PyErr_Occurred()) {
+                    goto exit;
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                current_arg = find_keyword(kwnames, kwstack, keyword);
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            current_arg = NULL;
+        }
+
+        /* If an arguments is passed in as a keyword argument,
+         * it should be placed before `buf[vararg]`.
+         *
+         * For example:
+         * def f(a, /, b, *args):
+         *     pass
+         * f(1, b=2)
+         *
+         * This `buf` array should be: [1, 2, NULL].
+         * In this case, nargs < vararg.
+         *
+         * Otherwise, we leave a place at `buf[vararg]` for vararg tuple
+         * so the index is `i + 1`. */
+        if (nargs < vararg) {
+            buf[i] = current_arg;
+        }
+        else {
+            buf[i + 1] = current_arg;
+        }
+
+        if (current_arg) {
+            --nkwargs;
+        }
+        else if (i < minpos || (maxpos <= i && i < reqlimit)) {
+            /* Less arguments than required */
+            keyword = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwtuple, i - posonly);
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,  "%.200s%s missing required "
+                         "argument '%U' (pos %d)",
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "function" : parser->fname,
+                         (parser->fname == NULL) ? "" : "()",
+                         keyword, i+1);
+            goto exit;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (nkwargs > 0) {
+        error_unexpected_keyword_arg(kwargs, kwnames, kwtuple, parser->fname);
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    return buf;
+
+exit:
+    Py_XDECREF(buf[vararg]);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+
+static const char *
+skipitem(const char **p_format, va_list *p_va, int flags)
+{
+    const char *format = *p_format;
+    char c = *format++;
+
+    switch (c) {
+
+    /*
+     * codes that take a single data pointer as an argument
+     * (the type of the pointer is irrelevant)
+     */
+
+    case 'b': /* byte -- very short int */
+    case 'B': /* byte as bitfield */
+    case 'h': /* short int */
+    case 'H': /* short int as bitfield */
+    case 'i': /* int */
+    case 'I': /* int sized bitfield */
+    case 'l': /* long int */
+    case 'k': /* long int sized bitfield */
+    case 'L': /* long long */
+    case 'K': /* long long sized bitfield */
+    case 'n': /* Py_ssize_t */
+    case 'f': /* float */
+    case 'd': /* double */
+    case 'D': /* complex double */
+    case 'c': /* char */
+    case 'C': /* unicode char */
+    case 'p': /* boolean predicate */
+    case 'S': /* string object */
+    case 'Y': /* string object */
+    case 'U': /* unicode string object */
+        {
+            if (p_va != NULL) {
+                (void) va_arg(*p_va, void *);
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+    /* string codes */
+
+    case 'e': /* string with encoding */
+        {
+            if (p_va != NULL) {
+                (void) va_arg(*p_va, const char *);
+            }
+            if (!(*format == 's' || *format == 't'))
+                /* after 'e', only 's' and 't' is allowed */
+                goto err;
+            format++;
+        }
+        /* fall through */
+
+    case 's': /* string */
+    case 'z': /* string or None */
+    case 'y': /* bytes */
+    case 'u': /* unicode string */
+    case 'Z': /* unicode string or None */
+    case 'w': /* buffer, read-write */
+        {
+            if (p_va != NULL) {
+                (void) va_arg(*p_va, char **);
+            }
+            if (*format == '#') {
+                if (p_va != NULL) {
+                    if (!(flags & FLAG_SIZE_T)) {
+                        return "PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN macro must be defined for '#' formats";
+                    }
+                    (void) va_arg(*p_va, Py_ssize_t *);
+                }
+                format++;
+            } else if ((c == 's' || c == 'z' || c == 'y' || c == 'w')
+                       && *format == '*')
+            {
+                format++;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+    case 'O': /* object */
+        {
+            if (*format == '!') {
+                format++;
+                if (p_va != NULL) {
+                    (void) va_arg(*p_va, PyTypeObject*);
+                    (void) va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+                }
+            }
+            else if (*format == '&') {
+                typedef int (*converter)(PyObject *, void *);
+                if (p_va != NULL) {
+                    (void) va_arg(*p_va, converter);
+                    (void) va_arg(*p_va, void *);
+                }
+                format++;
+            }
+            else {
+                if (p_va != NULL) {
+                    (void) va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+    case '(':           /* bypass tuple, not handled at all previously */
+        {
+            const char *msg;
+            for (;;) {
+                if (*format==')')
+                    break;
+                if (IS_END_OF_FORMAT(*format))
+                    return "Unmatched left paren in format "
+                           "string";
+                msg = skipitem(&format, p_va, flags);
+                if (msg)
+                    return msg;
+            }
+            format++;
+            break;
+        }
+
+    case ')':
+        return "Unmatched right paren in format string";
+
+    default:
+err:
+        return "impossible<bad format char>";
+
+    }
+
+    *p_format = format;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+
+#undef _PyArg_CheckPositional
+
+int
+_PyArg_CheckPositional(const char *name, Py_ssize_t nargs,
+                       Py_ssize_t min, Py_ssize_t max)
+{
+    assert(min >= 0);
+    assert(min <= max);
+
+    if (nargs < min) {
+        if (name != NULL)
+            PyErr_Format(
+                PyExc_TypeError,
+                "%.200s expected %s%zd argument%s, got %zd",
+                name, (min == max ? "" : "at least "), min, min == 1 ? "" : "s", nargs);
+        else
+            PyErr_Format(
+                PyExc_TypeError,
+                "unpacked tuple should have %s%zd element%s,"
+                " but has %zd",
+                (min == max ? "" : "at least "), min, min == 1 ? "" : "s", nargs);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (nargs == 0) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    if (nargs > max) {
+        if (name != NULL)
+            PyErr_Format(
+                PyExc_TypeError,
+                "%.200s expected %s%zd argument%s, got %zd",
+                name, (min == max ? "" : "at most "), max, max == 1 ? "" : "s", nargs);
+        else
+            PyErr_Format(
+                PyExc_TypeError,
+                "unpacked tuple should have %s%zd element%s,"
+                " but has %zd",
+                (min == max ? "" : "at most "), max, max == 1 ? "" : "s", nargs);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int
+unpack_stack(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs, const char *name,
+             Py_ssize_t min, Py_ssize_t max, va_list vargs)
+{
+    Py_ssize_t i;
+    PyObject **o;
+
+    if (!_PyArg_CheckPositional(name, nargs, min, max)) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+        o = va_arg(vargs, PyObject **);
+        *o = args[i];
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int
+PyArg_UnpackTuple(PyObject *args, const char *name, Py_ssize_t min, Py_ssize_t max, ...)
+{
+    PyObject **stack;
+    Py_ssize_t nargs;
+    int retval;
+    va_list vargs;
+
+    if (!PyTuple_Check(args)) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+            "PyArg_UnpackTuple() argument list is not a tuple");
+        return 0;
+    }
+    stack = _PyTuple_ITEMS(args);
+    nargs = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_PROTOTYPES
+    va_start(vargs, max);
+#else
+    va_start(vargs);
+#endif
+    retval = unpack_stack(stack, nargs, name, min, max, vargs);
+    va_end(vargs);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+int
+_PyArg_UnpackStack(PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs, const char *name,
+                   Py_ssize_t min, Py_ssize_t max, ...)
+{
+    int retval;
+    va_list vargs;
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_PROTOTYPES
+    va_start(vargs, max);
+#else
+    va_start(vargs);
+#endif
+    retval = unpack_stack(args, nargs, name, min, max, vargs);
+    va_end(vargs);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+
+#undef _PyArg_NoKeywords
+#undef _PyArg_NoKwnames
+#undef _PyArg_NoPositional
+
+/* For type constructors that don't take keyword args
+ *
+ * Sets a TypeError and returns 0 if the args/kwargs is
+ * not empty, returns 1 otherwise
+ */
+int
+_PyArg_NoKeywords(const char *funcname, PyObject *kwargs)
+{
+    if (kwargs == NULL) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if (!PyDict_CheckExact(kwargs)) {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (PyDict_GET_SIZE(kwargs) == 0) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "%.200s() takes no keyword arguments",
+                    funcname);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int
+_PyArg_NoPositional(const char *funcname, PyObject *args)
+{
+    if (args == NULL)
+        return 1;
+    if (!PyTuple_CheckExact(args)) {
+        PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args) == 0)
+        return 1;
+
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "%.200s() takes no positional arguments",
+                    funcname);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int
+_PyArg_NoKwnames(const char *funcname, PyObject *kwnames)
+{
+    if (kwnames == NULL) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    assert(PyTuple_CheckExact(kwnames));
+
+    if (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(kwnames) == 0) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "%s() takes no keyword arguments", funcname);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void
+_PyArg_Fini(void)
+{
+    struct _PyArg_Parser *tmp, *s = static_arg_parsers;
+    while (s) {
+        tmp = s->next;
+        s->next = NULL;
+        parser_clear(s);
+        s = tmp;
+    }
+    static_arg_parsers = NULL;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+};
+#endif