intermediate changes

ref:e2259743aaaa198850a5184b92813fca8eb3a49b

20 files changed, 8956 insertions, 17 deletions

diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/CMakeLists.txt b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/CMakeLists.txt
index a24b57f42f..6ad1293b5e 100644
--- a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ target_include_directories(libs-cxxsupp-libcxx PUBLIC
 )
 target_include_directories(libs-cxxsupp-libcxx PRIVATE
   ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include
+  ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src
   ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxxrt
 )
 target_link_libraries(libs-cxxsupp-libcxx PUBLIC
@@ -58,6 +59,9 @@ target_sources(libs-cxxsupp-libcxx PRIVATE
   ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/random.cpp
   ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/random_shuffle.cpp
   ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/regex.cpp
+  ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/d2fixed.cpp
+  ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/d2s.cpp
+  ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/f2s.cpp
   ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/shared_mutex.cpp
   ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/stdexcept.cpp
   ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/string.cpp
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/CREDITS.TXT b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/CREDITS.TXT
index fc442f4db1..cd5bc08a60 100644
--- a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/CREDITS.TXT
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/CREDITS.TXT
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ N: Saleem Abdulrasool
 E: compnerd@compnerd.org
 D: Minor patches and Linux fixes.
 
+N: Ulf Adams
+D: Invented the Ryu and Ryu Printf algorithms used in floating-point to_chars, and wrote the initial code.
+
 N: Muiez Ahmed
 E: muiez@ibm.com
 D: z/OS port.
@@ -28,6 +31,9 @@ N: Holger Arnold
 E: holgerar@gmail.com
 D: Minor fix.
 
+N: Jorg Brown
+D: Ported floating-point to_chars from MSVC to libc++.
+
 N: David Chisnall
 E: theraven at theravensnest dot org
 D: FreeBSD and Solaris ports, libcxxrt support, some atomics work.
@@ -81,6 +87,14 @@ N: Argyrios Kyrtzidis
 E: kyrtzidis@apple.com
 D: Bug fixes.
 
+N: Stephan T. Lavavej
+E: stl@microsoft.com
+E: stl@nuwen.net
+D: Implemented floating-point to_chars.
+
+N: Microsoft Corporation
+D: Contributed floating-point to_chars.
+
 N: Bruce Mitchener, Jr.
 E: bruce.mitchener@gmail.com
 D: Emscripten-related changes.
@@ -152,6 +166,7 @@ D: Minor bug fix.
 N: Mark de Wever
 E: koraq at xs4all dot nl
 D: Format library support.
+D: Finalized the porting of MSVC's to_chars to libc++.
 
 N: Zhang Xiongpang
 E: zhangxiongpang@gmail.com
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/__availability b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/__availability
index 87d43ed414..4652a6fd91 100644
--- a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/__availability
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/__availability
@@ -129,6 +129,10 @@
     // This controls the availability of std::to_chars.
 #   define _LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS
 
+    // This controls the availability of floating-point std::to_chars functions.
+    // These overloads were added later than the integer overloads.
+#   define _LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT
+
     // This controls the availability of the C++20 synchronization library,
     // which requires shared library support for various operations
     // (see libcxx/src/atomic.cpp).
@@ -222,6 +226,9 @@
 #   define _LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS                                        \
         _LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_FILESYSTEM
 
+#   define _LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT                         \
+        __attribute__((unavailable))
+
 #   define _LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_SYNC                                            \
         __attribute__((availability(macosx,strict,introduced=11.0)))            \
         __attribute__((availability(ios,strict,introduced=14.0)))               \
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/__bit/bit_cast.h b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/__bit/bit_cast.h
index 6cfe4d7994..d89621e6b7 100644
--- a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/__bit/bit_cast.h
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/__bit/bit_cast.h
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #define _LIBCPP___BIT_BIT_CAST_H
 
 #include <__config>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <type_traits>
 
 #if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
@@ -30,6 +31,19 @@ _LIBCPP_NODISCARD_EXT _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI
 constexpr _ToType bit_cast(_FromType const& __from) noexcept {
     return __builtin_bit_cast(_ToType, __from);
 }
+#else _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
+
+template<class _ToType, class _FromType, class = enable_if_t<
+  sizeof(_ToType) == sizeof(_FromType) &&
+  is_trivially_copyable<_ToType>::value &&
+  is_trivially_copyable<_FromType>::value
+>>
+_LIBCPP_NODISCARD_EXT _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI
+constexpr _ToType bit_cast(_FromType const& __from) noexcept {
+	_ToType __to;
+	::memcpy(&__to, &__from, sizeof(__from));
+	return __to;
+}
 
 #endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 17
 
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/charconv b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/charconv
index ff7b75c8d7..06634fe7bc 100644
--- a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/charconv
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/include/charconv
@@ -598,6 +598,38 @@ from_chars(const char* __first, const char* __last, _Tp& __value, int __base)
     return __from_chars_integral(__first, __last, __value, __base);
 }
 
+// Floating-point implementation starts here.
+// Unlike the other parts of charconv this is only available in C++17 and newer.
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
+
+_LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT _LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, float __value);
+
+_LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT _LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, double __value);
+
+_LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT _LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, long double __value);
+
+_LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT _LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, float __value, chars_format __fmt);
+
+_LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT _LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, double __value, chars_format __fmt);
+
+_LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT _LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, long double __value, chars_format __fmt);
+
+_LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT _LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, float __value, chars_format __fmt, int __precision);
+
+_LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT _LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, double __value, chars_format __fmt, int __precision);
+
+_LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT _LIBCPP_FUNC_VIS
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, long double __value, chars_format __fmt, int __precision);
+
+#  endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
 #endif // _LIBCPP_CXX03_LANG
 
 _LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/charconv.cpp b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/charconv.cpp
index 533e59b04d..60ec3eccc9 100644
--- a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/charconv.cpp
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/charconv.cpp
@@ -9,27 +9,14 @@
 #include "charconv"
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include "include/ryu/digit_table.h"
+#include "include/to_chars_floating_point.h"
+
 _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
 
 namespace __itoa
 {
 
-static constexpr char cDigitsLut[200] = {
-    '0', '0', '0', '1', '0', '2', '0', '3', '0', '4', '0', '5', '0', '6', '0',
-    '7', '0', '8', '0', '9', '1', '0', '1', '1', '1', '2', '1', '3', '1', '4',
-    '1', '5', '1', '6', '1', '7', '1', '8', '1', '9', '2', '0', '2', '1', '2',
-    '2', '2', '3', '2', '4', '2', '5', '2', '6', '2', '7', '2', '8', '2', '9',
-    '3', '0', '3', '1', '3', '2', '3', '3', '3', '4', '3', '5', '3', '6', '3',
-    '7', '3', '8', '3', '9', '4', '0', '4', '1', '4', '2', '4', '3', '4', '4',
-    '4', '5', '4', '6', '4', '7', '4', '8', '4', '9', '5', '0', '5', '1', '5',
-    '2', '5', '3', '5', '4', '5', '5', '5', '6', '5', '7', '5', '8', '5', '9',
-    '6', '0', '6', '1', '6', '2', '6', '3', '6', '4', '6', '5', '6', '6', '6',
-    '7', '6', '8', '6', '9', '7', '0', '7', '1', '7', '2', '7', '3', '7', '4',
-    '7', '5', '7', '6', '7', '7', '7', '8', '7', '9', '8', '0', '8', '1', '8',
-    '2', '8', '3', '8', '4', '8', '5', '8', '6', '8', '7', '8', '8', '8', '9',
-    '9', '0', '9', '1', '9', '2', '9', '3', '9', '4', '9', '5', '9', '6', '9',
-    '7', '9', '8', '9', '9'};
-
 template <typename T>
 inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY char*
 append1(char* buffer, T i) noexcept
@@ -42,7 +29,7 @@ template <typename T>
 inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY char*
 append2(char* buffer, T i) noexcept
 {
-    memcpy(buffer, &cDigitsLut[(i)*2], 2);
+    memcpy(buffer, &__DIGIT_TABLE[(i)*2], 2);
     return buffer + 2;
 }
 
@@ -157,4 +144,53 @@ __u64toa(uint64_t value, char* buffer) noexcept
 
 }  // namespace __itoa
 
+// The original version of floating-point to_chars was written by Microsoft and
+// contributed with the following license.
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// This implementation is dedicated to the memory of Mary and Thavatchai.
+
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, float __value) {
+  return _Floating_to_chars<_Floating_to_chars_overload::_Plain>(__first, __last, __value, chars_format{}, 0);
+}
+
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, double __value) {
+  return _Floating_to_chars<_Floating_to_chars_overload::_Plain>(__first, __last, __value, chars_format{}, 0);
+}
+
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, long double __value) {
+  return _Floating_to_chars<_Floating_to_chars_overload::_Plain>(__first, __last, static_cast<double>(__value),
+                                                                 chars_format{}, 0);
+}
+
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, float __value, chars_format __fmt) {
+  return _Floating_to_chars<_Floating_to_chars_overload::_Format_only>(__first, __last, __value, __fmt, 0);
+}
+
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, double __value, chars_format __fmt) {
+  return _Floating_to_chars<_Floating_to_chars_overload::_Format_only>(__first, __last, __value, __fmt, 0);
+}
+
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, long double __value, chars_format __fmt) {
+  return _Floating_to_chars<_Floating_to_chars_overload::_Format_only>(__first, __last, static_cast<double>(__value),
+                                                                       __fmt, 0);
+}
+
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, float __value, chars_format __fmt, int __precision) {
+  return _Floating_to_chars<_Floating_to_chars_overload::_Format_precision>(__first, __last, __value, __fmt,
+                                                                            __precision);
+}
+
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, double __value, chars_format __fmt, int __precision) {
+  return _Floating_to_chars<_Floating_to_chars_overload::_Format_precision>(__first, __last, __value, __fmt,
+                                                                            __precision);
+}
+
+to_chars_result to_chars(char* __first, char* __last, long double __value, chars_format __fmt, int __precision) {
+  return _Floating_to_chars<_Floating_to_chars_overload::_Format_precision>(
+      __first, __last, static_cast<double>(__value), __fmt, __precision);
+}
+
 _LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/common.h b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/common.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..52913120f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/common.h
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_COMMON_H
+#define _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_COMMON_H
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__config"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __decimalLength9(const uint32_t __v) {
+  // Function precondition: __v is not a 10-digit number.
+  // (f2s: 9 digits are sufficient for round-tripping.)
+  // (d2fixed: We print 9-digit blocks.)
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__v < 1000000000, "");
+  if (__v >= 100000000) { return 9; }
+  if (__v >= 10000000) { return 8; }
+  if (__v >= 1000000) { return 7; }
+  if (__v >= 100000) { return 6; }
+  if (__v >= 10000) { return 5; }
+  if (__v >= 1000) { return 4; }
+  if (__v >= 100) { return 3; }
+  if (__v >= 10) { return 2; }
+  return 1;
+}
+
+// Returns __e == 0 ? 1 : ceil(log_2(5^__e)).
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI  inline int32_t __pow5bits(const int32_t __e) {
+  // This approximation works up to the point that the multiplication overflows at __e = 3529.
+  // If the multiplication were done in 64 bits, it would fail at 5^4004 which is just greater
+  // than 2^9297.
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__e >= 0, "");
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__e <= 3528, "");
+  return static_cast<int32_t>(((static_cast<uint32_t>(__e) * 1217359) >> 19) + 1);
+}
+
+// Returns floor(log_10(2^__e)).
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI  inline uint32_t __log10Pow2(const int32_t __e) {
+  // The first value this approximation fails for is 2^1651 which is just greater than 10^297.
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__e >= 0, "");
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__e <= 1650, "");
+  return (static_cast<uint32_t>(__e) * 78913) >> 18;
+}
+
+// Returns floor(log_10(5^__e)).
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __log10Pow5(const int32_t __e) {
+  // The first value this approximation fails for is 5^2621 which is just greater than 10^1832.
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__e >= 0, "");
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__e <= 2620, "");
+  return (static_cast<uint32_t>(__e) * 732923) >> 20;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __float_to_bits(const float __f) {
+  uint32_t __bits = 0;
+  _VSTD::memcpy(&__bits, &__f, sizeof(float));
+  return __bits;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __double_to_bits(const double __d) {
+  uint64_t __bits = 0;
+  _VSTD::memcpy(&__bits, &__d, sizeof(double));
+  return __bits;
+}
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on
+
+#endif // _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_COMMON_H
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2fixed.h b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2fixed.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e495c11b1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2fixed.h
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_D2FIXED_H
+#define _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_D2FIXED_H
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__config"
+#include "cstdint"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+void __append_n_digits(const uint32_t __olength, uint32_t __digits, char* const __result);
+void __append_nine_digits(uint32_t __digits, char* const __result);
+
+[[nodiscard]] to_chars_result __d2fixed_buffered_n(char* _First, char* const _Last, const double __d, const uint32_t __precision);
+[[nodiscard]] to_chars_result __d2exp_buffered_n(char* _First, char* const _Last, const double __d, uint32_t __precision);
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on
+
+#endif // _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_D2FIXED_H
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2fixed_full_table.h b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2fixed_full_table.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7181cd8cf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2fixed_full_table.h
@@ -0,0 +1,4451 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_D2FIXED_FULL_TABLE_H
+#define _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_D2FIXED_FULL_TABLE_H
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__config"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+inline constexpr int __TABLE_SIZE = 64;
+
+inline constexpr uint16_t __POW10_OFFSET[__TABLE_SIZE] = {
+  0, 2, 5, 8, 12, 16, 21, 26, 32, 39,
+  46, 54, 62, 71, 80, 90, 100, 111, 122, 134,
+  146, 159, 173, 187, 202, 217, 233, 249, 266, 283,
+  301, 319, 338, 357, 377, 397, 418, 440, 462, 485,
+  508, 532, 556, 581, 606, 632, 658, 685, 712, 740,
+  769, 798, 828, 858, 889, 920, 952, 984, 1017, 1050,
+  1084, 1118, 1153, 1188
+};
+
+inline constexpr uint64_t __POW10_SPLIT[1224][3] = {
+  {                    1u,    72057594037927936u,                    0u },
+  {   699646928636035157u,             72057594u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,                  256u },
+  { 11902091922964236229u,        4722366482869u,                    0u },
+  {  6760415703743915872u,                 4722u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,             16777216u },
+  { 13369850649504950658u,   309485009821345068u,                    0u },
+  { 15151142278969419334u,            309485009u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,          75511627776u },
+  {  4635408826454083567u,  9437866644873197963u,                 1099u },
+  { 12367138975830625353u,       20282409603651u,                    0u },
+  {  7555853734021184432u,                20282u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         250037927936u },
+  {  5171444645924616995u,   699646928636035156u,             72057594u },
+  { 16672297533003297786u,  1329227995784915872u,                    0u },
+  { 14479142226848862515u,           1329227995u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         181645213696u },
+  { 12214193123817091081u, 11902091922964236228u,         114366482869u },
+  { 16592893013671929435u,  6760415703743915871u,                 4722u },
+  {  4549827147718617003u,       87112285931760u,                    0u },
+  {  5274510003815168971u,                87112u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,          44724781056u },
+  {  9794971998307800535u, 13369850649504950657u,         209821345068u },
+  { 14720142899209240169u, 15151142278969419333u,            309485009u },
+  {  4300745446091561535u,  5708990770823839524u,                    0u },
+  { 15197156861335443364u,           5708990770u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         139251286016u },
+  { 13484604155038683037u,  4635408826454083566u,          67670423947u },
+  {  8356963862052375699u, 12367138975830625352u,          58409603651u },
+  {  5850852848337610021u,  7555853734021184431u,                20282u },
+  {  2712780827214982050u,      374144419156711u,                    0u },
+  {  7732076577307618052u,               374144u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,          84280344576u },
+  { 17296309485351745867u,  5171444645924616994u,         160903807060u },
+  { 16598859101615853088u, 16672297533003297785u,         219784915872u },
+  {  7469952526870444257u, 14479142226848862514u,           1329227995u },
+  { 13531654022114669524u,  6073184580144670117u,                    1u },
+  { 15757609704383306943u,          24519928653u,                    0u },
+  {  9590990814237149590u,                   24u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         196662132736u },
+  { 15408590707489433890u, 12214193123817091080u,          95899502532u },
+  { 18332056844289122710u, 16592893013671929434u,         240246646623u },
+  { 11114572877353986193u,  4549827147718617002u,          72285931760u },
+  {  1703393793997526525u,  5274510003815168970u,                87112u },
+  {  5082852056285196265u,     1606938044258990u,                    0u },
+  {   816434266573722365u,              1606938u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         129530986496u },
+  {  5736523019264798742u,  9794971998307800534u,          69797980545u },
+  { 10129314776268243339u, 14720142899209240168u,          36233143877u },
+  { 16511595775483995364u,  4300745446091561534u,          50823839524u },
+  { 12367293405401453325u, 15197156861335443363u,           5708990770u },
+  { 16934621733248854291u, 13078571300009428617u,                    5u },
+  { 10278280417769171336u,         105312291668u,                    0u },
+  {  5760764486226151240u,                  105u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         238731001856u },
+  {  4128368337188369761u, 13484604155038683036u,          72453031918u },
+  { 10240941003671005056u,  8356963862052375698u,         175317175368u },
+  { 17933378316822368251u,  5850852848337610020u,         231147060143u },
+  {  8346249813075698616u,  2712780827214982049u,         128419156711u },
+  { 15906203609160902695u,  7732076577307618051u,               374144u },
+  { 14525607416135386328u,     6901746346790563u,                    0u },
+  {  6397156777364256320u,              6901746u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,          34937634816u },
+  { 16798760952716600048u, 17296309485351745866u,         249899825954u },
+  {  2419982808370854967u, 16598859101615853087u,          50404946937u },
+  {  2922947087773078956u,  7469952526870444256u,         165733552434u },
+  { 15419220167069510190u, 13531654022114669523u,          77854221733u },
+  {  3452124642157173416u, 15757609704383306942u,          24519928653u },
+  {  5979700067267186899u,  9590990814237149589u,                   24u },
+  {  4913998146922579597u,         452312848583u,                    0u },
+  {  5771037749337678924u,                  452u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,           8835301376u },
+  {  3464734175350698519u, 15408590707489433889u,          90993782792u },
+  {  9334527711335850125u, 18332056844289122709u,         170602522202u },
+  {  7269882896518450106u, 11114572877353986192u,         202092341162u },
+  {  1372511258182263196u,  1703393793997526524u,         174275541962u },
+  {  7571228438575951046u,  5082852056285196264u,          26044258990u },
+  {  2992506536646070406u,   816434266573722364u,              1606938u },
+  {   524517896824344606u,    29642774844752946u,                    0u },
+  { 15582941400898702773u,             29642774u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         214310977536u },
+  {  3846112492507251066u,  5736523019264798741u,         104549111254u },
+  { 16681117750123089487u, 10129314776268243338u,          62895095400u },
+  { 14986314536556547267u, 16511595775483995363u,         163670432318u },
+  {  2573712825027107389u, 12367293405401453324u,         137918027683u },
+  {  7504855874008324928u, 16934621733248854290u,          84557186697u },
+  {  9572138030626879787u, 10278280417769171335u,         105312291668u },
+  {  8520676959353394843u,  5760764486226151239u,                  105u },
+  { 13448984662897903496u,        1942668892225u,                    0u },
+  { 12338883700918130648u,                 1942u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         156223799296u },
+  {  2517285787892561600u,  4128368337188369760u,         146555162524u },
+  {  4338831817635138103u, 10240941003671005055u,          36972170386u },
+  {  1561495325934523196u, 17933378316822368250u,         161452451108u },
+  { 12262635050079398786u,  8346249813075698615u,           3862277025u },
+  { 11144065765517284188u, 15906203609160902694u,         163787434755u },
+  {  1212260522471875711u, 14525607416135386327u,         242346790563u },
+  {  9695352922247418869u,  6397156777364256319u,              6901746u },
+  {  7227025834627242948u,   127314748520905380u,                    0u },
+  {  9609008238705447829u,            127314748u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,          74910662656u },
+  {  3609144142396852269u, 16798760952716600047u,          31131187530u },
+  { 11568848377382068865u,  2419982808370854966u,         224158453279u },
+  { 10068303578029323957u,  2922947087773078955u,         211835877600u },
+  { 11645070846862630231u, 15419220167069510189u,         190187140051u },
+  { 12449386705878485055u,  3452124642157173415u,         149324160190u },
+  { 15025619323517318418u,  5979700067267186898u,         199266388373u },
+  { 14996237555047131272u,  4913998146922579596u,         196312848583u },
+  { 10211005638256058413u,  5771037749337678923u,                  452u },
+  {  1014743503555840530u,        8343699359066u,                    0u },
+  { 12900897707145290678u,                 8343u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,          33187823616u },
+  {  4718003016239473662u,  3464734175350698518u,         149506025761u },
+  { 14865830648693666725u,  9334527711335850124u,         144394101141u },
+  { 14754517212823091778u,  7269882896518450105u,         252074403984u },
+  { 11113946551474911901u,  1372511258182263195u,         232410437116u },
+  {  1963520352638130630u,  7571228438575951045u,         252162224104u },
+  { 13342587341404964200u,  2992506536646070405u,          50028434172u },
+  {  6240392545013573291u,   524517896824344605u,          22844752946u },
+  { 14377490861349714758u, 15582941400898702772u,             29642774u },
+  {  1717863312631397839u,   546812681195752981u,                    0u },
+  {  3611005143890591770u,            546812681u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,          21208498176u },
+  { 13168252824351245504u,  3846112492507251065u,         138904285205u },
+  {   735883891883379688u, 16681117750123089486u,         227812409738u },
+  { 10609203866866106404u, 14986314536556547266u,          12139521251u },
+  { 12358191111890306470u,  2573712825027107388u,          18406839052u },
+  { 15229916368406413528u,  7504855874008324927u,         135518906642u },
+  {  7241424335568075942u,  9572138030626879786u,          71461906823u },
+  {  6049715868779871913u,  8520676959353394842u,          65729070919u },
+  {  2000548404719336762u, 13448984662897903495u,         150668892225u },
+  {  1410974761895205301u, 12338883700918130647u,                 1942u },
+  { 16000132467694084868u,       35835915874844u,                    0u },
+  { 16894908866816792556u,                35835u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,          96136462336u },
+  {   589096329272056762u,  2517285787892561599u,         127235208544u },
+  {  7097729792403256904u,  4338831817635138102u,         250084648831u },
+  {  8553736750439287020u,  1561495325934523195u,         183664758778u },
+  {  2114152625261065696u, 12262635050079398785u,          38604121015u },
+  {  9817523680007641224u, 11144065765517284187u,         215065716774u },
+  { 13047215537500048015u,  1212260522471875710u,          63525586135u },
+  { 16755544192002345880u,  9695352922247418868u,         164391777855u },
+  {  6930119832670648356u,  7227025834627242947u,          60520905380u },
+  { 14560698131901886167u,  9609008238705447828u,            127314748u },
+  { 16408020927503338035u,  2348542582773833227u,                    0u },
+  { 14274703510609809116u,           2348542582u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         239195652096u },
+  { 16428432973129962470u,  3609144142396852268u,          54627148527u },
+  {  3721112279790863774u, 11568848377382068864u,         171545803830u },
+  { 18032764903259620753u, 10068303578029323956u,          45631280555u },
+  { 18058455550468776079u, 11645070846862630230u,         167674882605u },
+  { 15692090139033993190u, 12449386705878485054u,         210814540455u },
+  {   389416944300619393u, 15025619323517318417u,         140812947666u },
+  { 12009691357260487293u, 14996237555047131271u,          75553539724u },
+  { 13494259174449809900u, 10211005638256058412u,          90055009355u },
+  { 18288583400616279877u,  1014743503555840529u,         151699359066u },
+  {     7216107869057472u, 12900897707145290677u,                 8343u },
+  { 17237061291959073878u,      153914086704665u,                    0u },
+  {  1599418782488783273u,               153914u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,          22255763456u },
+  {  9565464987240335777u,  4718003016239473661u,         140805878294u },
+  {   857713933775880687u, 14865830648693666724u,         185799843980u },
+  {  4621617820081363356u, 14754517212823091777u,         155602488249u },
+  {  9630162611715632528u, 11113946551474911900u,         197106442651u },
+  {  9283986497984645815u,  1963520352638130629u,         133723303109u },
+  {  8981807745082630996u, 13342587341404964199u,          29338292357u },
+  { 18350140531565934622u,  6240392545013573290u,         180779405341u },
+  {  4411619033127524143u, 14377490861349714757u,          21093125556u },
+  {  1852297584111266889u,  1717863312631397838u,           9195752981u },
+  { 11746243463811666096u,  3611005143890591769u,            546812681u },
+  {  6335244004343789147u, 10086913586276986678u,                    0u },
+  {  5109502367228239844u,          10086913586u,                    0u },
+  {  1603272682579847821u,                   10u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         121713852416u },
+  {  6609546910952910052u, 13168252824351245503u,          78039892345u },
+  {  3911171343112928288u,   735883891883379687u,         194575126094u },
+  {  5254510615100863555u, 10609203866866106403u,          60669938882u },
+  {  3881927570803887650u, 12358191111890306469u,          63825615420u },
+  {  6379348759607163190u, 15229916368406413527u,          42392558399u },
+  { 14595733737222406466u,  7241424335568075941u,         154327955754u },
+  { 14670223432002373542u,  6049715868779871912u,         135108449946u },
+  {  4045087795619708513u,  2000548404719336761u,         215076489095u },
+  { 12598467307137142718u,  1410974761895205300u,          28867368919u },
+  {   734704388050777108u, 16000132467694084867u,         251915874844u },
+  {  5682201693687285822u, 16894908866816792555u,                35835u },
+  { 11048712694145438788u,      661055968790248u,                    0u },
+  { 17871025777010319485u,               661055u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         191031934976u },
+  { 15268761435931663695u,   589096329272056761u,          54384768703u },
+  {  5016238054648555438u,  7097729792403256903u,          59463698998u },
+  { 14236047313993899750u,  8553736750439287019u,         129114608443u },
+  {  6957759675154690848u,  2114152625261065695u,          91532209025u },
+  { 18439367135478514473u,  9817523680007641223u,         126707290971u },
+  {  8539004472540641041u, 13047215537500048014u,         244908319870u },
+  {  1908462039431738399u, 16755544192002345879u,         195375682548u },
+  {   714690453250792146u,  6930119832670648355u,         148789337027u },
+  { 13782189447673929633u, 14560698131901886166u,          11889480596u },
+  {  3584742913798803164u, 16408020927503338034u,         118773833227u },
+  {  4347581515245125291u, 14274703510609809115u,           2348542582u },
+  { 16836742268156371392u,  6429475823218628948u,                    2u },
+  { 11764082328865615308u,          43322963970u,                    0u },
+  {  5957633711383291746u,                   43u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,          44890587136u },
+  {  9917186842884466953u, 16428432973129962469u,         128201721900u },
+  {  4751011869809829335u,  3721112279790863773u,         180977558144u },
+  { 11068497969931435029u, 18032764903259620752u,          86978950836u },
+  { 17118056985122509954u, 18058455550468776078u,          62850669910u },
+  { 14607066080907684459u, 15692090139033993189u,          17021110334u },
+  { 11768892370493391107u,   389416944300619392u,         135651046673u },
+  {  4043396447647747170u, 12009691357260487292u,          44731525255u },
+  {  1670341095362518057u, 13494259174449809899u,          17991426092u },
+  {  3190817644167043165u, 18288583400616279876u,         181000391185u },
+  { 10425820027224322486u,     7216107869057471u,          25934422965u },
+  { 13139964660506311565u, 17237061291959073877u,          58086704665u },
+  {  2297772885416059937u,  1599418782488783272u,               153914u },
+  {  7677687919964523763u,     2839213766779714u,                    0u },
+  { 14144589152747892828u,              2839213u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         253518544896u },
+  { 17069730341503660290u,  9565464987240335776u,         164046496765u },
+  { 18167423787163077107u,   857713933775880686u,          65250538404u },
+  {  3765746945827805904u,  4621617820081363355u,         156522052161u },
+  { 10241734342430761691u,  9630162611715632527u,         197503285916u },
+  { 13345717282537140784u,  9283986497984645814u,         103486904773u },
+  {  9313926784816939953u,  8981807745082630995u,         170994763111u },
+  {   550974205049535019u, 18350140531565934621u,          69239154346u },
+  {  4494692285504086222u,  4411619033127524142u,         206100413253u },
+  {  1134308559863725587u,  1852297584111266888u,          25636765134u },
+  { 17587558045116130233u, 11746243463811666095u,          54343434265u },
+  {  9817142032346161594u,  6335244004343789146u,          50276986678u },
+  {  6071944935834172568u,  5109502367228239843u,          10086913586u },
+  { 11564168293299416955u,  1603272682579847820u,                   10u },
+  { 12458266507226064437u,         186070713419u,                    0u },
+  {  1304432355328256915u,                  186u,                    0u },
+  {                    1u,                    0u,         191358304256u },
+  { 15946798815542087355u,  6609546910952910051u,         231212025023u },
+  { 12082566083831286138u,  3911171343112928287u,          35284847591u },
+  { 11449623684706196411u,  5254510615100863554u,         165210439715u },
+  { 17518743620362604446u,  3881927570803887649u,         215345825189u },
+  {  9451061563087633805u,  6379348759607163189u,         165791236311u },
+  { 13191114787623314926u, 14595733737222406465u,         168795274405u },
+  {  8367349876734474799u, 14670223432002373541u,          57219284648u },
+  {  6544253801674393507u,  4045087795619708512u,         180682964281u },
+  { 16113906253336597498u, 12598467307137142717u,           3039828404u },
+  { 10294087136797312392u,   734704388050777107u,         235308032771u },
+  {  9127173070014462803u,  5682201693687285821u,         232598951915u },
+  { 16266900839595484952u, 11048712694145438787u,          63968790248u },
+  {  3299745387370952632u, 17871025777010319484u,               661055u },
+  { 12061115182604399189u,    12194330274671844u,                    0u },
+  {  5066801222582989646u,             12194330u,                    0u },
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+  { 13595807339013970272u,  1587745622680169418u,                10715u },
+  {  9698096389749839992u,      197658450495420u,                    0u },
+  {  8310173728816391804u,               197658u,                    0u },
+};
+
+inline constexpr int __TABLE_SIZE_2 = 69;
+inline constexpr int __ADDITIONAL_BITS_2 = 120;
+
+inline constexpr uint16_t __POW10_OFFSET_2[__TABLE_SIZE_2] = {
+     0,    2,    6,   12,   20,   29,   40,   52,   66,   80,
+    95,  112,  130,  150,  170,  192,  215,  240,  265,  292,
+   320,  350,  381,  413,  446,  480,  516,  552,  590,  629,
+   670,  712,  755,  799,  845,  892,  940,  989, 1040, 1092,
+  1145, 1199, 1254, 1311, 1369, 1428, 1488, 1550, 1613, 1678,
+  1743, 1810, 1878, 1947, 2017, 2088, 2161, 2235, 2311, 2387,
+  2465, 2544, 2625, 2706, 2789, 2873, 2959, 3046, 3133
+};
+
+inline constexpr uint8_t __MIN_BLOCK_2[__TABLE_SIZE_2] = {
+     0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    1,    1,    2,    3,
+     3,    4,    4,    5,    5,    6,    6,    7,    7,    8,
+     8,    9,    9,   10,   11,   11,   12,   12,   13,   13,
+    14,   14,   15,   15,   16,   16,   17,   17,   18,   19,
+    19,   20,   20,   21,   21,   22,   22,   23,   23,   24,
+    24,   25,   26,   26,   27,   27,   28,   28,   29,   29,
+    30,   30,   31,   31,   32,   32,   33,   34,    0
+};
+
+inline constexpr uint64_t __POW10_SPLIT_2[3133][3] = {
+  {                    0u,                    0u,              3906250u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         202000000000u },
+  {                    0u, 11153727427136454656u,                   59u },
+  {                    0u,  7205759403792793600u,          59604644775u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         167390625000u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         232000000000u },
+  {                    0u,    16777216000000000u,                    0u },
+  {                    0u, 12945425605062557696u,               909494u },
+  {                    0u,  4388757836872548352u,         182701772928u },
+  {                    0u,  1152921504606846976u,         128237915039u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         159062500000u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         160000000000u },
+  {                    0u,         256000000000u,                    0u },
+  {                    0u, 16192327041775828992u,                   13u },
+  {                    0u, 15024075324038053888u,          13877787807u },
+  {                    0u,  5449091666327633920u,         159814456755u },
+  {                    0u,  2494994193563254784u,         179295395851u },
+  {                    0u,  4611686018427387904u,          11135253906u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         146250000000u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         128000000000u },
+  {                    0u,              3906250u,                    0u },
+  {                    0u,     3906250000000000u,                    0u },
+  {                    0u,  4368439412768899072u,               211758u },
+  {                    0u,  1563676642168012800u,          46236813575u },
+  {                    0u, 11532349341402398720u,           7084767080u },
+  {                    0u,  9048364970084925440u,         104625169910u },
+  {                    0u, 16609275425742389248u,         246490512847u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         207900390625u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         225000000000u },
+  { 11153727427136454656u,                   59u,                    0u },
+  {  7205759403792793600u,          59604644775u,                    0u },
+  {                    0u,  4264412554261970152u,                    3u },
+  {                    0u, 14485570586272534528u,           3231174267u },
+  {                    0u, 17827675094632103936u,         123785264354u },
+  {                    0u,  7347197909193981952u,         226966440203u },
+  {                    0u, 13677404030777688064u,          11398292396u },
+  {                    0u,  3810326759732150272u,         172741453558u },
+  {                    0u,  9943947977234055168u,         246206558227u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,          19539062500u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         228000000000u },
+  { 12945425605062557696u,               909494u,                    0u },
+  {  4388757836872548352u,      909494701772928u,                    0u },
+  {  1152921504606846976u, 14878706826214591391u,                49303u },
+  {                    0u,  4387341015746028192u,         151806576313u },
+  {                    0u,   651726680428265472u,         185237838233u },
+  {                    0u,  2570638187944738816u,         153035330174u },
+  {                    0u,  7419175577111756800u,         126139354575u },
+  {                    0u, 17299322326264840192u,         207402194313u },
+  {                    0u,  7990511638862102528u,         137937798142u },
+  {                    0u, 16717361816799281152u,         254433166503u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         167906250000u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,          16000000000u },
+  { 16192327041775828992u,                   13u,                    0u },
+  { 15024075324038053888u,          13877787807u,                    0u },
+  {  5449091666327633920u, 13877787807814456755u,                    0u },
+  {  2494994193563254784u,  9707857417284919307u,            752316384u },
+  {  4611686018427387904u,  1844515466944871826u,         224526264005u },
+  {                    0u, 15167599819856275072u,         197099991383u },
+  {                    0u, 14830185305589481472u,          87822237233u },
+  {                    0u,  6163721531743535104u,          49803945956u },
+  {                    0u, 14122847407012052992u,         228334136013u },
+  {                    0u,   335491783960035328u,         205765601092u },
+  {                    0u,   941252322120433664u,          68018187046u },
+  {                    0u, 11529215046068469760u,          38051025390u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         238625000000u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,          64000000000u },
+  {  4368439412768899072u,               211758u,                    0u },
+  {  1563676642168012800u,      211758236813575u,                    0u },
+  { 11532349341402398720u,  8061591463141767016u,                11479u },
+  {  9048364970084925440u, 16628725344207857142u,         215437019748u },
+  { 16609275425742389248u,  3555541870038531535u,         100901445007u },
+  {                    0u, 18316647450161853665u,         143192746310u },
+  {                    0u, 16709574568378075648u,          70992947447u },
+  {                    0u,  7696022835795591168u,         247905827852u },
+  {                    0u, 16664449640376041472u,          12417202233u },
+  {                    0u,  3109186955116544000u,          57903381625u },
+  {                    0u, 10515518101817131008u,         121168549362u },
+  {                    0u,  9961962375743537152u,         242570047378u },
+  {                    0u,  9223372036854775808u,         146540039062u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         150500000000u },
+  { 14485570586272534528u,           3231174267u,                    0u },
+  { 17827675094632103936u,  3231174267785264354u,                    0u },
+  {  7347197909193981952u,   748977172262750475u,            175162308u },
+  { 13677404030777688064u, 15965033457315095468u,         196040602133u },
+  {  3810326759732150272u, 16809402149066729206u,          21865466197u },
+  {  9943947977234055168u,  7563769067065700371u,          85911239516u },
+  {                    0u, 13550322810840051428u,          92410032742u },
+  {                    0u,  8663209637545764864u,         102734564471u },
+  {                    0u,  8969247575312957440u,         119469633535u },
+  {                    0u,  6193172891660451840u,         255486223885u },
+  {                    0u,  3427954273864908800u,          13335732575u },
+  {                    0u, 10058367555266936832u,          95185829773u },
+  {                    0u, 13907115649320091648u,         141545265197u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,          45753906250u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,          74000000000u },
+  { 14878706826214591391u,                49303u,                    0u },
+  {  4387341015746028192u,       49303806576313u,                    0u },
+  {   651726680428265472u, 14106411361315920281u,                 2672u },
+  {  2570638187944738816u,  3609034283485221502u,         112764710092u },
+  {  7419175577111756800u,  9896072247338192335u,         204195646140u },
+  { 17299322326264840192u,  8889095178479228297u,         188536467151u },
+  {  7990511638862102528u,  3631796911038383102u,         207481878815u },
+  { 16717361816799281152u,   898318840772166823u,          31196880105u },
+  {                    0u, 17293677953982795024u,         233048697961u },
+  {                    0u,  7353628266884669440u,         105937492160u },
+  {                    0u,  2404693032470315008u,         192398640987u },
+  {                    0u,  9191155893041889280u,          91130358670u },
+  {                    0u,  6353946855033798656u,         142498253559u },
+  {                    0u,  3767824038248841216u,         247344448149u },
+  {                    0u,  7205759403792793600u,         149204254150u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         198390625000u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         232000000000u },
+  {  9707857417284919307u,            752316384u,                    0u },
+  {  1844515466944871826u,   752316384526264005u,                    0u },
+  { 15167599819856275072u, 17063068157692817751u,             40783152u },
+  { 14830185305589481472u,  5385330256507239985u,          48924990778u },
+  {  6163721531743535104u,  3373050282752075748u,          58291939338u },
+  { 14122847407012052992u,  4116064001262906061u,          10182853422u },
+  {   335491783960035328u, 11306582046748043076u,          46223132276u },
+  {   941252322120433664u, 17035410946089626406u,         116612931040u },
+  { 11529215046068469760u, 15618595715183448558u,         224923491477u },
+  {                    0u,  5141740092277295680u,         149846685770u },
+  {                    0u, 16973644291514990592u,          74278734288u },
+  {                    0u, 14625255268443750400u,         208920143100u },
+  {                    0u, 14021170507320131584u,         252792836676u },
+  {                    0u,  4451355232865091584u,          68760089176u },
+  {                    0u, 12891553933348044800u,          88241308450u },
+  {                    0u,  1152921504606846976u,          34698852539u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         187062500000u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         160000000000u },
+  {  8061591463141767016u,                11479u,                    0u },
+  { 16628725344207857142u,       11479437019748u,                    0u },
+  {  3555541870038531535u,  5562205901560339855u,                  622u },
+  { 18316647450161853665u,  2106077949367544134u,         110301527786u },
+  { 16709574568378075648u,  7496855998374373623u,         234114170714u },
+  {  7696022835795591168u,   229183437194837004u,          90406405378u },
+  { 16664449640376041472u,   465169186276472889u,           2012424059u },
+  {  3109186955116544000u,  2152980561625316473u,         123025216872u },
+  { 10515518101817131008u,  2059790725449340402u,         104116713310u },
+  {  9961962375743537152u, 17891190926410198930u,          94111661478u },
+  {  9223372036854775808u,  9930696175609809814u,         166969883403u },
+  {                    0u,  7276914261609005312u,          11538344118u },
+  {                    0u, 10539762974036983808u,         182394482312u },
+  {                    0u, 12851089458992250880u,         136571361695u },
+  {                    0u,  9449311677678878720u,         159696658955u },
+  {                    0u,  8699564697382289408u,          11512248212u },
+  {                    0u,  4224376450473525248u,         148471604347u },
+  {                    0u,  4611686018427387904u,         123229003906u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         130250000000u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         128000000000u },
+  {   748977172262750475u,            175162308u,                    0u },
+  { 15965033457315095468u,   175162308040602133u,                    0u },
+  { 16809402149066729206u, 13756840147955779925u,              9495567u },
+  {  7563769067065700371u, 13788447602092505948u,          15745759798u },
+  { 13550322810840051428u,  4972540435632173670u,          54747473242u },
+  {  8663209637545764864u,  2844874687533091959u,          90269561957u },
+  {  8969247575312957440u, 15377573779532804095u,         101154220965u },
+  {  6193172891660451840u, 17824715805091194381u,         165833619944u },
+  {  3427954273864908800u, 18277569135638159711u,         232966279779u },
+  { 10058367555266936832u,  4254645803379752845u,          99990829008u },
+  { 13907115649320091648u,  2933643244178200621u,         208230644811u },
+  {                    0u, 17188148801879487562u,          75159033118u },
+  {                    0u, 11069762501163246592u,          30931771413u },
+  {                    0u, 11676570643941818368u,          21600093027u },
+  {                    0u, 17840016768744030208u,          99632988162u },
+  {                    0u, 16463817321652158464u,           2967109246u },
+  {                    0u,  6954191143357644800u,         126892505325u },
+  {                    0u,  5080060379673919488u,         237376987457u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,          65275390625u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         161000000000u },
+  { 14106411361315920281u,                 2672u,                    0u },
+  {  3609034283485221502u,        2672764710092u,                    0u },
+  {  9896072247338192335u, 16433563478020213436u,                  144u },
+  {  8889095178479228297u,  4194750497955655375u,         144890865261u },
+  {  3631796911038383102u,  2691539602252904735u,         109227397880u },
+  {   898318840772166823u,  3775467271962795241u,         248145908654u },
+  { 17293677953982795024u, 16980212613224918121u,         174204668490u },
+  {  7353628266884669440u,  4172857038337333440u,          74920499170u },
+  {  2404693032470315008u,  5936867627376461659u,         226226211033u },
+  {  9191155893041889280u, 17856837443266866062u,         217321838238u },
+  {  6353946855033798656u,  8956297047799810807u,         158968021097u },
+  {  3767824038248841216u, 15356974049716912789u,         105485521835u },
+  {  7205759403792793600u,  6923608913322982854u,         171832503231u },
+  {                    0u,  4855902993563955944u,         191375329591u },
+  {                    0u, 13835893222288330752u,          55263239028u },
+  {                    0u,  9114973913760137216u,         116750045274u },
+  {                    0u, 17937099003422310400u,          90494123725u },
+  {                    0u,  7007960010734960640u,         205972372085u },
+  {                    0u,  7683422439270776832u,         117379902273u },
+  {                    0u,   720575940379279360u,          65416519165u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         253039062500u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         228000000000u },
+  { 17063068157692817751u,             40783152u,                    0u },
+  {  5385330256507239985u,    40783152924990778u,                    0u },
+  {  3373050282752075748u,  2768933352715741194u,              2210859u },
+  {  4116064001262906061u, 15201941611824153390u,          43150104177u },
+  { 11306582046748043076u,  1418128541727000180u,         113824098906u },
+  { 17035410946089626406u,  5353350204565757408u,          90076876902u },
+  { 15618595715183448558u,  1721001680354286741u,         102290205696u },
+  {  5141740092277295680u,   637631411660453962u,             93295688u },
+  { 16973644291514990592u,  1630012588870568400u,          72034566068u },
+  { 14625255268443750400u,  9253063571656828156u,         180088363159u },
+  { 14021170507320131584u,  6029146854993203780u,         151501609581u },
+  {  4451355232865091584u, 16987401965352759896u,         109326840705u },
+  { 12891553933348044800u, 14499131620542087970u,         129920888905u },
+  {  1152921504606846976u,  1978417255298660539u,          73785999500u },
+  {                    0u,  5790079354402454176u,         140107250214u },
+  {                    0u, 13748918935842078720u,          38313880830u },
+  {                    0u, 18047438014740692992u,         254745330388u },
+  {                    0u,  3116889656839372800u,         212978353575u },
+  {                    0u, 15995952446606147584u,         167168966926u },
+  {                    0u, 12530140063251562496u,          14867142319u },
+  {                    0u, 16717361816799281152u,         175679260253u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,          93906250000u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,          16000000000u },
+  {  5562205901560339855u,                  622u,                    0u },
+  {  2106077949367544134u,         622301527786u,                    0u },
+  {  7496855998374373623u, 13558973353698967386u,                   33u },
+  {   229183437194837004u,  6228991722850501890u,          33735033418u },
+  {   465169186276472889u, 16886831391703377787u,          74337674317u },
+  {  2152980561625316473u,  1181713637872883048u,          77915436964u },
+  {  2059790725449340402u, 12393932434925221726u,         164064060824u },
+  { 17891190926410198930u, 10684799845419711910u,         152671876423u },
+  {  9930696175609809814u,  4590318792215640843u,          71579224160u },
+  {  7276914261609005312u,  6383712187366189238u,          96248841680u },
+  { 10539762974036983808u,  1904270214927675016u,         208346061731u },
+  { 12851089458992250880u,  3711506775113308575u,         163103230695u },
+  {  9449311677678878720u,  8091219444738793995u,         231201201185u },
+  {  8699564697382289408u,    39436684991068052u,          33438625885u },
+  {  4224376450473525248u, 18025182908196512891u,          93002137866u },
+  {  4611686018427387904u,  7853924592034603138u,          10977147123u },
+  {                    0u,  4815749283615688320u,         243425762105u },
+  {                    0u, 14242399906544287744u,          57261062291u },
+  {                    0u,    76242322576113664u,         147772082046u },
+  {                    0u, 10858088421377703936u,         126004133104u },
+  {                    0u, 14293835879041466368u,         240588618152u },
+  {                    0u, 12182236992037191680u,         168774870395u },
+  {                    0u, 11529215046068469760u,         123660400390u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,           6625000000u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,          64000000000u },
+  { 13756840147955779925u,              9495567u,                    0u },
+  { 13788447602092505948u,     9495567745759798u,                    0u },
+  {  4972540435632173670u, 14000097438505379162u,               514755u },
+  {  2844874687533091959u, 16451062686452429925u,         195758946802u },
+  { 15377573779532804095u,  4009347599785716645u,         242891813895u },
+  { 17824715805091194381u, 16544162347546196456u,           7217347168u },
+  { 18277569135638159711u, 17674258299745817187u,          96896860837u },
+  {  4254645803379752845u,  5215238411201214416u,         165958123462u },
+  {  2933643244178200621u, 14253990228345322571u,         198282718640u },
+  { 17188148801879487562u, 11214836553940194590u,         176772710358u },
+  { 11069762501163246592u, 14620711348380590101u,         214607957507u },
+  { 11676570643941818368u,  6638710787931587427u,           3792590350u },
+  { 17840016768744030208u, 17320000343692853250u,          14359885232u },
+  { 16463817321652158464u,    75147386268843646u,         176938919100u },
+  {  6954191143357644800u, 17938801582125480173u,         188004073747u },
+  {  5080060379673919488u,  6573358613626446145u,          19972464382u },
+  {                    0u,  8688505427903736481u,         254356342484u },
+  {                    0u,   539870168696556032u,         212471004823u },
+  {                    0u,  9002861336394465280u,         151029266420u },
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+  { 10886957545142526638u,  1268929063431863950u,          32013319303u },
+  {  2030047207417538097u,  6735665673159411439u,         135068788782u },
+  { 11557093828502314355u, 14734771742997073207u,          46365141167u },
+  { 15201062539664128543u, 13683287077957612495u,         175798773576u },
+  {  8846936323343880674u, 15370263741354826803u,          72741772478u },
+  {  1485291750116245364u,    48035913070297507u,         190833223667u },
+  {  2076024439668322013u,  1206547475966802115u,         243002604032u },
+  {  7029497773682748741u, 13512340386605768006u,             65407069u },
+  { 16333533921668749881u,  2325760467700278797u,          93732505440u },
+  {  2065057316131928423u, 10848110652847753816u,          96126079727u },
+  {  7800502648925570223u, 15846378960784301285u,         239588077256u },
+  { 17011619967093802015u, 14121839924449844911u,         200859033924u },
+  {  5368819344429198672u,  5147613424753296550u,          68765546476u },
+  { 15598879366754275267u, 16817040482828810167u,         236279052682u },
+  { 16393893486035835647u,  5773528746119363888u,         138911653591u },
+  { 12042046205096920307u,  8716201595536184826u,         215312983620u },
+  { 15437070428008474344u,  5259122109038474872u,          68472506235u },
+  { 13704569163204647509u, 14744540084230155984u,         123285097580u },
+  { 18192483750856993350u, 10719345477982635878u,         108799303119u },
+  {  5152535865317963250u, 13698037261310555208u,         207581096882u },
+  { 17512614083933854680u, 16141171632951976936u,         178742572087u },
+  { 14481918350603613536u, 10060790174955808839u,          55875014667u },
+  { 16124419709964004915u,  4250043307981877118u,          11545396528u },
+  { 18088011566435813579u,  7075646198054337199u,          48230395309u },
+  { 15008862380698848893u, 18141738384245531503u,         173383571548u },
+  { 18160498644611827812u,  8174370508376809531u,          92983465608u },
+  {  3604680497457231965u,  3581964982731575596u,         136443133513u },
+  {  5957615565551495921u, 14798509948722114761u,          73194178710u },
+  { 17528455034961565995u, 14713923334885122090u,         150802228831u },
+  {  8503772325120113809u,  5042978054260414139u,          95797643382u },
+  {  8501492578048509537u,  2052996319372883413u,         118273380388u },
+  {  2296237701094386060u,  8825683007899981588u,          36111293153u },
+  {  3753593040591076946u,  9992196755378745151u,         225478441234u },
+  {  8518075399775653155u,  9301073417573669950u,          18541678071u },
+  { 12757855675959554597u,  5331614769144850592u,         247504212200u },
+  {   121631169379748595u, 14354009428310052102u,         232289027415u },
+  { 16679062494579173314u,  5581221063029119078u,          87778132410u },
+  { 10739912744743898054u,  1529260335339476189u,         186302558600u },
+  {  9367340677776287570u, 16483061525949201148u,         136082901368u },
+  { 12227321512794715397u, 14431217812333089675u,         120893548555u },
+  {  7241061891859170651u,  3452349151135392267u,          11782317885u },
+  { 13148571323079237489u,  9075317899834447999u,          61187152222u },
+  { 12509763434355012654u,  2764331337978901575u,          94491973969u },
+  { 11812768946960181977u,  1942890683708857202u,          81149854702u },
+  { 14170358803552564832u,   165089169728028447u,         238105324315u },
+  { 18179989524780635952u, 15193620741871233073u,          27008949501u },
+  { 17091718978514754901u, 14995000835194145926u,         253823647830u },
+  {  7394768384359232459u,  1788823614552255558u,          86812880624u },
+  {  6778628272692852803u,  8384901184618498845u,         240096972322u },
+  { 18193335045875234320u,   405511217862281310u,          34454546404u },
+  {  1378519212560967521u,  3111530463755196557u,         228021982807u },
+  {  4677732610631043584u,  7893558450035460812u,          87168676404u },
+  { 17296098591070486528u,   156573858237402216u,          52427910661u },
+  {  7343735382392963072u, 15915324019419451223u,           5008487885u },
+  { 14525996728454217728u, 16293363012778802804u,         205862771443u },
+  {  9691359370008330240u, 14342105318291351412u,         243883264978u },
+  {  3044433348102455296u,  3788398842525387052u,         210777487087u },
+  {  9223372036854775808u, 14118764407048307670u,         239205369512u },
+  {                    0u,  2705021334614720768u,         168765379752u },
+  {                    0u,  7017988973805568000u,         168146639500u },
+  {                    0u, 10956732053634154496u,         140380445944u },
+  {                    0u, 14657517938546835456u,         248593965634u },
+  {                    0u, 11268868284797157376u,          66794585639u },
+  {                    0u, 14600669991935148032u,          39610886573u },
+  {                    0u,  4611686018427387904u,         173791503906u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,          34250000000u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         128000000000u },
+  {  8201586317771250746u,           1424047269u,                    0u },
+  {  3278889188817135834u,  1424047269444608885u,                    0u },
+  {  1710725240251040430u,  3001188830946823627u,             77197757u },
+  {  1850175733663425006u,  9732296932705387049u,         189162694772u },
+  {  9147599666163914249u, 16337535782679529459u,         116527588873u },
+  { 10221885933644344166u,  7969742269895046547u,           9885659589u },
+  { 14901479793736678101u,  2923592083903829642u,         197432040594u },
+  {  5181831442059703136u,  8144196241160608534u,         146158488244u },
+  {  6396246577759793483u, 16431078457793424253u,         180441497762u },
+  { 14167229556464870447u,   202362949592775653u,         162890730548u },
+  {  2969982933326311854u,  8835125248522947981u,          52010970117u },
+  {  7892677766222018881u,  7959873808777345113u,           5478953099u },
+  {   798698968922663621u, 14929747122315126151u,         139431505623u },
+  { 15926812109043458972u,  4310328817360515349u,         215809343213u },
+  {  8663842590352697437u,  7294899422760201126u,         237233663393u },
+  { 17093523026636671168u,  2047461597291187207u,         161395457290u },
+  {   839764004742743203u, 10942374468813517900u,          10110993115u },
+  { 16894643909298232323u, 10364795403063433969u,         219593187308u },
+  {  9066702926218949317u, 12330859528790939137u,         236561876684u },
+  {  9119392417260546810u,  8973160144879916806u,         204668457234u },
+  {  9723021096578315109u,  2895354388547509877u,          18486435986u },
+  { 14787464248751217597u, 16766844772497556429u,         146156957475u },
+  {  3733434565920249133u,  7442407174620948827u,          35908932476u },
+  {  6643788868836820841u,  6683013428676659077u,         124403453701u },
+  {  4729646697422664063u, 16713703375071907588u,           5362286883u },
+  {  4090144564201555829u,  8791044883080637861u,          35906051675u },
+  {  2109480737093400002u,   602844107089214413u,          91476563498u },
+  { 16577155033369419739u,  9754832281172880875u,          42032680244u },
+  {   745377248603805917u, 10587846778003503903u,          52528810517u },
+  { 11305561465807999667u, 17206244172922947013u,          21573968323u },
+  {  2211245518782892177u, 11620628420699303875u,         195932752365u },
+  { 14170095199249735666u, 17864732368219338611u,         237629955528u },
+  { 17849973668116118927u,  4146383014621345887u,         200968449082u },
+  {  9020960204585720001u, 11445705075042688243u,          58224775873u },
+  { 10807134002871850916u,  7369147888966546592u,         193620472915u },
+  {  3925122626254791201u,  9762476865090597796u,          83399482307u },
+  { 17208463291312718997u,  5507001428194242827u,         195529224931u },
+  {  5145077219589447653u, 11371471148365328344u,         227298535145u },
+  { 17602397765035489468u,  3148788104946538618u,         233616448686u },
+  { 16422643262490753377u,  3762722308424507574u,         174170696145u },
+  {  2902509461400906224u,  1156171244825745915u,         209203977585u },
+  {  3422418805967265206u, 14208921674868257865u,         113062676168u },
+  {  4228874576277237392u,  7903080886897905503u,         200770267187u },
+  {  2553488530807495751u,  6367240794154270982u,          51428426873u },
+  { 11546099176912486413u,  1623672396662369850u,         121345168815u },
+  { 10460791037534167991u, 18323231215381674394u,         175088019456u },
+  {  8127117908566000904u,  9842279843006544554u,            993304354u },
+  { 11541304458088287306u,  7376839231308610600u,          34533551059u },
+  {  6249718665174839700u,   609751749293657672u,         211399899256u },
+  { 13102508413386290995u, 10386457966860989799u,         120033054708u },
+  {  6274675218640661911u, 11160336020836149780u,         244563051014u },
+  {  3404497118599817167u, 17947559933847409193u,           6605003027u },
+  { 11258566093988562335u, 10229787001712704590u,          19972939173u },
+  { 16762592482501635397u, 10441677090043619866u,         165554557864u },
+  {  5550125446725071998u,  4996681336392922375u,         168566044449u },
+  {  6370033225258510318u,   124497102381021895u,          33270870638u },
+  {  1503521728674735398u,  8180812057779384577u,         110006749001u },
+  {  4250415082606384364u,  5294232873532946716u,          73443482710u },
+  {  6020091901030562974u,  2885620189169448039u,          86287000939u },
+  { 16288222967151527138u, 16662526875008170507u,         107156429783u },
+  {  6377016228656203782u, 15663095032402672480u,         215903277391u },
+  {  8378856515587563750u,  1824281504410546614u,          79849098083u },
+  { 15812881490200838483u,  9506565509584809953u,          99098894498u },
+  {  4548570371183413652u, 16941136942345070055u,         162515351948u },
+  { 16731431495283420383u, 15924115693705937725u,         140918380873u },
+  { 14737727629551135532u,  9247807690406628462u,          73863248041u },
+  { 12413722258104293893u,  7993916633864834871u,         169501324659u },
+  {   800899742400762438u,  1018504409177639408u,         115433351089u },
+  {   603197008376033550u, 12097800686634130718u,         177055213234u },
+  {  6380777281587743935u,  6221488888422637551u,         178655823089u },
+  { 10001440249018225388u,  8229322865256080421u,         241337267588u },
+  {  5505914461980436708u,  7927745108183101786u,         132446112486u },
+  {  1105464290051876864u,  8488683721235326653u,         230429763923u },
+  {  4500443576769970176u, 11165516518170922283u,          83460172466u },
+  {  2843045143185981440u,  5463648141113596927u,         178605283863u },
+  {   660949699682893824u,  3958440403860778042u,          23296184959u },
+  {   276549164618219520u,  5091534813990256011u,         127214587484u },
+  {  4683743612465315840u,  6100166970623291280u,          92276012655u },
+  {                    0u,  1913011027739012426u,         111330690714u },
+  {                    0u, 11310957650604221440u,         154103704535u },
+  {                    0u, 16303817257009020928u,         215613168242u },
+  {                    0u,  9090406322154766336u,         114883831704u },
+  {                    0u,  3003279315069566976u,         152492791914u },
+  {                    0u, 16582887146675765248u,         106162808097u },
+  {                    0u,  9691746398101307392u,          33898960113u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,         241525390625u },
+  {                    0u,                    0u,          33000000000u },
+};
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on
+
+#endif // _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_D2FIXED_FULL_TABLE_H
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2s.h b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2s.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..15d50fd1ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2s.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_DS2_H
+#define _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_DS2_H
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__config"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+inline constexpr int __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS = 52;
+inline constexpr int __DOUBLE_EXPONENT_BITS = 11;
+inline constexpr int __DOUBLE_BIAS = 1023;
+
+inline constexpr int __DOUBLE_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT = 122;
+inline constexpr int __DOUBLE_POW5_BITCOUNT = 121;
+
+[[nodiscard]] to_chars_result __d2s_buffered_n(char* const _First, char* const _Last, const double __f, const chars_format _Fmt);
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on
+
+#endif // _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_DS2_H
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2s_full_table.h b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2s_full_table.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..106fef0015
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2s_full_table.h
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_D2S_FULL_TABLE_H
+#define _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_D2S_FULL_TABLE_H
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__config"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+inline constexpr uint64_t __DOUBLE_POW5_INV_SPLIT[292][2] = {
+  {                    1u, 288230376151711744u }, {  3689348814741910324u, 230584300921369395u },
+  {  2951479051793528259u, 184467440737095516u }, { 17118578500402463900u, 147573952589676412u },
+  { 12632330341676300947u, 236118324143482260u }, { 10105864273341040758u, 188894659314785808u },
+  { 15463389048156653253u, 151115727451828646u }, { 17362724847566824558u, 241785163922925834u },
+  { 17579528692795369969u, 193428131138340667u }, {  6684925324752475329u, 154742504910672534u },
+  { 18074578149087781173u, 247588007857076054u }, { 18149011334012135262u, 198070406285660843u },
+  {  3451162622983977240u, 158456325028528675u }, {  5521860196774363583u, 253530120045645880u },
+  {  4417488157419490867u, 202824096036516704u }, {  7223339340677503017u, 162259276829213363u },
+  {  7867994130342094503u, 259614842926741381u }, {  2605046489531765280u, 207691874341393105u },
+  {  2084037191625412224u, 166153499473114484u }, { 10713157136084480204u, 265845599156983174u },
+  { 12259874523609494487u, 212676479325586539u }, { 13497248433629505913u, 170141183460469231u },
+  { 14216899864323388813u, 272225893536750770u }, { 11373519891458711051u, 217780714829400616u },
+  {  5409467098425058518u, 174224571863520493u }, {  4965798542738183305u, 278759314981632789u },
+  {  7661987648932456967u, 223007451985306231u }, {  2440241304404055250u, 178405961588244985u },
+  {  3904386087046488400u, 285449538541191976u }, { 17880904128604832013u, 228359630832953580u },
+  { 14304723302883865611u, 182687704666362864u }, { 15133127457049002812u, 146150163733090291u },
+  { 16834306301794583852u, 233840261972944466u }, {  9778096226693756759u, 187072209578355573u },
+  { 15201174610838826053u, 149657767662684458u }, {  2185786488890659746u, 239452428260295134u },
+  {  5437978005854438120u, 191561942608236107u }, { 15418428848909281466u, 153249554086588885u },
+  {  6222742084545298729u, 245199286538542217u }, { 16046240111861969953u, 196159429230833773u },
+  {  1768945645263844993u, 156927543384667019u }, { 10209010661905972635u, 251084069415467230u },
+  {  8167208529524778108u, 200867255532373784u }, { 10223115638361732810u, 160693804425899027u },
+  {  1599589762411131202u, 257110087081438444u }, {  4969020624670815285u, 205688069665150755u },
+  {  3975216499736652228u, 164550455732120604u }, { 13739044029062464211u, 263280729171392966u },
+  {  7301886408508061046u, 210624583337114373u }, { 13220206756290269483u, 168499666669691498u },
+  { 17462981995322520850u, 269599466671506397u }, {  6591687966774196033u, 215679573337205118u },
+  { 12652048002903177473u, 172543658669764094u }, {  9175230360419352987u, 276069853871622551u },
+  {  3650835473593572067u, 220855883097298041u }, { 17678063637842498946u, 176684706477838432u },
+  { 13527506561580357021u, 282695530364541492u }, {  3443307619780464970u, 226156424291633194u },
+  {  6443994910566282300u, 180925139433306555u }, {  5155195928453025840u, 144740111546645244u },
+  { 15627011115008661990u, 231584178474632390u }, { 12501608892006929592u, 185267342779705912u },
+  {  2622589484121723027u, 148213874223764730u }, {  4196143174594756843u, 237142198758023568u },
+  { 10735612169159626121u, 189713759006418854u }, { 12277838550069611220u, 151771007205135083u },
+  { 15955192865369467629u, 242833611528216133u }, {  1696107848069843133u, 194266889222572907u },
+  { 12424932722681605476u, 155413511378058325u }, {  1433148282581017146u, 248661618204893321u },
+  { 15903913885032455010u, 198929294563914656u }, {  9033782293284053685u, 159143435651131725u },
+  { 14454051669254485895u, 254629497041810760u }, { 11563241335403588716u, 203703597633448608u },
+  { 16629290697806691620u, 162962878106758886u }, {   781423413297334329u, 260740604970814219u },
+  {  4314487545379777786u, 208592483976651375u }, {  3451590036303822229u, 166873987181321100u },
+  {  5522544058086115566u, 266998379490113760u }, {  4418035246468892453u, 213598703592091008u },
+  { 10913125826658934609u, 170878962873672806u }, { 10082303693170474728u, 273406340597876490u },
+  {  8065842954536379782u, 218725072478301192u }, { 17520720807854834795u, 174980057982640953u },
+  {  5897060404116273733u, 279968092772225526u }, {  1028299508551108663u, 223974474217780421u },
+  { 15580034865808528224u, 179179579374224336u }, { 17549358155809824511u, 286687326998758938u },
+  {  2971440080422128639u, 229349861599007151u }, { 17134547323305344204u, 183479889279205720u },
+  { 13707637858644275364u, 146783911423364576u }, { 14553522944347019935u, 234854258277383322u },
+  {  4264120725993795302u, 187883406621906658u }, { 10789994210278856888u, 150306725297525326u },
+  {  9885293106962350374u, 240490760476040522u }, {   529536856086059653u, 192392608380832418u },
+  {  7802327114352668369u, 153914086704665934u }, {  1415676938738538420u, 246262538727465495u },
+  {  1132541550990830736u, 197010030981972396u }, { 15663428499760305882u, 157608024785577916u },
+  { 17682787970132668764u, 252172839656924666u }, { 10456881561364224688u, 201738271725539733u },
+  { 15744202878575200397u, 161390617380431786u }, { 17812026976236499989u, 258224987808690858u },
+  {  3181575136763469022u, 206579990246952687u }, { 13613306553636506187u, 165263992197562149u },
+  { 10713244041592678929u, 264422387516099439u }, { 12259944048016053467u, 211537910012879551u },
+  {  6118606423670932450u, 169230328010303641u }, {  2411072648389671274u, 270768524816485826u },
+  { 16686253377679378312u, 216614819853188660u }, { 13349002702143502650u, 173291855882550928u },
+  { 17669055508687693916u, 277266969412081485u }, { 14135244406950155133u, 221813575529665188u },
+  {   240149081334393137u, 177450860423732151u }, { 11452284974360759988u, 283921376677971441u },
+  {  5472479164746697667u, 227137101342377153u }, { 11756680961281178780u, 181709681073901722u },
+  {  2026647139541122378u, 145367744859121378u }, { 18000030682233437097u, 232588391774594204u },
+  { 18089373360528660001u, 186070713419675363u }, {  3403452244197197031u, 148856570735740291u },
+  { 16513570034941246220u, 238170513177184465u }, { 13210856027952996976u, 190536410541747572u },
+  {  3189987192878576934u, 152429128433398058u }, {  1414630693863812771u, 243886605493436893u },
+  {  8510402184574870864u, 195109284394749514u }, { 10497670562401807014u, 156087427515799611u },
+  {  9417575270359070576u, 249739884025279378u }, { 14912757845771077107u, 199791907220223502u },
+  {  4551508647133041040u, 159833525776178802u }, { 10971762650154775986u, 255733641241886083u },
+  { 16156107749607641435u, 204586912993508866u }, {  9235537384944202825u, 163669530394807093u },
+  { 11087511001168814197u, 261871248631691349u }, { 12559357615676961681u, 209496998905353079u },
+  { 13736834907283479668u, 167597599124282463u }, { 18289587036911657145u, 268156158598851941u },
+  { 10942320814787415393u, 214524926879081553u }, { 16132554281313752961u, 171619941503265242u },
+  { 11054691591134363444u, 274591906405224388u }, { 16222450902391311402u, 219673525124179510u },
+  { 12977960721913049122u, 175738820099343608u }, { 17075388340318968271u, 281182112158949773u },
+  {  2592264228029443648u, 224945689727159819u }, {  5763160197165465241u, 179956551781727855u },
+  {  9221056315464744386u, 287930482850764568u }, { 14755542681855616155u, 230344386280611654u },
+  { 15493782960226403247u, 184275509024489323u }, {  1326979923955391628u, 147420407219591459u },
+  {  9501865507812447252u, 235872651551346334u }, { 11290841220991868125u, 188698121241077067u },
+  {  1653975347309673853u, 150958496992861654u }, { 10025058185179298811u, 241533595188578646u },
+  {  4330697733401528726u, 193226876150862917u }, { 14532604630946953951u, 154581500920690333u },
+  {  1116074521063664381u, 247330401473104534u }, {  4582208431592841828u, 197864321178483627u },
+  { 14733813189500004432u, 158291456942786901u }, { 16195403473716186445u, 253266331108459042u },
+  {  5577625149489128510u, 202613064886767234u }, {  8151448934333213131u, 162090451909413787u },
+  { 16731667109675051333u, 259344723055062059u }, { 17074682502481951390u, 207475778444049647u },
+  {  6281048372501740465u, 165980622755239718u }, {  6360328581260874421u, 265568996408383549u },
+  {  8777611679750609860u, 212455197126706839u }, { 10711438158542398211u, 169964157701365471u },
+  {  9759603424184016492u, 271942652322184754u }, { 11497031554089123517u, 217554121857747803u },
+  { 16576322872755119460u, 174043297486198242u }, { 11764721337440549842u, 278469275977917188u },
+  { 16790474699436260520u, 222775420782333750u }, { 13432379759549008416u, 178220336625867000u },
+  {  3045063541568861850u, 285152538601387201u }, { 17193446092222730773u, 228122030881109760u },
+  { 13754756873778184618u, 182497624704887808u }, { 18382503128506368341u, 145998099763910246u },
+  {  3586563302416817083u, 233596959622256395u }, {  2869250641933453667u, 186877567697805116u },
+  { 17052795772514404226u, 149502054158244092u }, { 12527077977055405469u, 239203286653190548u },
+  { 17400360011128145022u, 191362629322552438u }, {  2852241564676785048u, 153090103458041951u },
+  { 15631632947708587046u, 244944165532867121u }, {  8815957543424959314u, 195955332426293697u },
+  { 18120812478965698421u, 156764265941034957u }, { 14235904707377476180u, 250822825505655932u },
+  {  4010026136418160298u, 200658260404524746u }, { 17965416168102169531u, 160526608323619796u },
+  {  2919224165770098987u, 256842573317791675u }, {  2335379332616079190u, 205474058654233340u },
+  {  1868303466092863352u, 164379246923386672u }, {  6678634360490491686u, 263006795077418675u },
+  {  5342907488392393349u, 210405436061934940u }, {  4274325990713914679u, 168324348849547952u },
+  { 10528270399884173809u, 269318958159276723u }, { 15801313949391159694u, 215455166527421378u },
+  {  1573004715287196786u, 172364133221937103u }, { 17274202803427156150u, 275782613155099364u },
+  { 17508711057483635243u, 220626090524079491u }, { 10317620031244997871u, 176500872419263593u },
+  { 12818843235250086271u, 282401395870821749u }, { 13944423402941979340u, 225921116696657399u },
+  { 14844887537095493795u, 180736893357325919u }, { 15565258844418305359u, 144589514685860735u },
+  {  6457670077359736959u, 231343223497377177u }, { 16234182506113520537u, 185074578797901741u },
+  {  9297997190148906106u, 148059663038321393u }, { 11187446689496339446u, 236895460861314229u },
+  { 12639306166338981880u, 189516368689051383u }, { 17490142562555006151u, 151613094951241106u },
+  {  2158786396894637579u, 242580951921985771u }, { 16484424376483351356u, 194064761537588616u },
+  {  9498190686444770762u, 155251809230070893u }, { 11507756283569722895u, 248402894768113429u },
+  { 12895553841597688639u, 198722315814490743u }, { 17695140702761971558u, 158977852651592594u },
+  { 17244178680193423523u, 254364564242548151u }, { 10105994129412828495u, 203491651394038521u },
+  {  4395446488788352473u, 162793321115230817u }, { 10722063196803274280u, 260469313784369307u },
+  {  1198952927958798777u, 208375451027495446u }, { 15716557601334680315u, 166700360821996356u },
+  { 17767794532651667857u, 266720577315194170u }, { 14214235626121334286u, 213376461852155336u },
+  {  7682039686155157106u, 170701169481724269u }, {  1223217053622520399u, 273121871170758831u },
+  { 15735968901865657612u, 218497496936607064u }, { 16278123936234436413u, 174797997549285651u },
+  {   219556594781725998u, 279676796078857043u }, {  7554342905309201445u, 223741436863085634u },
+  {  9732823138989271479u, 178993149490468507u }, {   815121763415193074u, 286389039184749612u },
+  { 11720143854957885429u, 229111231347799689u }, { 13065463898708218666u, 183288985078239751u },
+  {  6763022304224664610u, 146631188062591801u }, {  3442138057275642729u, 234609900900146882u },
+  { 13821756890046245153u, 187687920720117505u }, { 11057405512036996122u, 150150336576094004u },
+  {  6623802375033462826u, 240240538521750407u }, { 16367088344252501231u, 192192430817400325u },
+  { 13093670675402000985u, 153753944653920260u }, {  2503129006933649959u, 246006311446272417u },
+  { 13070549649772650937u, 196805049157017933u }, { 17835137349301941396u, 157444039325614346u },
+  {  2710778055689733971u, 251910462920982955u }, {  2168622444551787177u, 201528370336786364u },
+  {  5424246770383340065u, 161222696269429091u }, {  1300097203129523457u, 257956314031086546u },
+  { 15797473021471260058u, 206365051224869236u }, {  8948629602435097724u, 165092040979895389u },
+  {  3249760919670425388u, 264147265567832623u }, {  9978506365220160957u, 211317812454266098u },
+  { 15361502721659949412u, 169054249963412878u }, {  2442311466204457120u, 270486799941460606u },
+  { 16711244431931206989u, 216389439953168484u }, { 17058344360286875914u, 173111551962534787u },
+  { 12535955717491360170u, 276978483140055660u }, { 10028764573993088136u, 221582786512044528u },
+  { 15401709288678291155u, 177266229209635622u }, {  9885339602917624555u, 283625966735416996u },
+  {  4218922867592189321u, 226900773388333597u }, { 14443184738299482427u, 181520618710666877u },
+  {  4175850161155765295u, 145216494968533502u }, { 10370709072591134795u, 232346391949653603u },
+  { 15675264887556728482u, 185877113559722882u }, {  5161514280561562140u, 148701690847778306u },
+  {   879725219414678777u, 237922705356445290u }, {   703780175531743021u, 190338164285156232u },
+  { 11631070584651125387u, 152270531428124985u }, {   162968861732249003u, 243632850284999977u },
+  { 11198421533611530172u, 194906280227999981u }, {  5269388412147313814u, 155925024182399985u },
+  {  8431021459435702103u, 249480038691839976u }, {  3055468352806651359u, 199584030953471981u },
+  { 17201769941212962380u, 159667224762777584u }, { 16454785461715008838u, 255467559620444135u },
+  { 13163828369372007071u, 204374047696355308u }, { 17909760324981426303u, 163499238157084246u },
+  {  2830174816776909822u, 261598781051334795u }, {  2264139853421527858u, 209279024841067836u },
+  { 16568707141704863579u, 167423219872854268u }, {  4373838538276319787u, 267877151796566830u },
+  {  3499070830621055830u, 214301721437253464u }, {  6488605479238754987u, 171441377149802771u },
+  {  3003071137298187333u, 274306203439684434u }, {  6091805724580460189u, 219444962751747547u },
+  { 15941491023890099121u, 175555970201398037u }, { 10748990379256517301u, 280889552322236860u },
+  {  8599192303405213841u, 224711641857789488u }, { 14258051472207991719u, 179769313486231590u }
+};
+
+inline constexpr uint64_t __DOUBLE_POW5_SPLIT[326][2] = {
+  {                    0u,  72057594037927936u }, {                    0u,  90071992547409920u },
+  {                    0u, 112589990684262400u }, {                    0u, 140737488355328000u },
+  {                    0u,  87960930222080000u }, {                    0u, 109951162777600000u },
+  {                    0u, 137438953472000000u }, {                    0u,  85899345920000000u },
+  {                    0u, 107374182400000000u }, {                    0u, 134217728000000000u },
+  {                    0u,  83886080000000000u }, {                    0u, 104857600000000000u },
+  {                    0u, 131072000000000000u }, {                    0u,  81920000000000000u },
+  {                    0u, 102400000000000000u }, {                    0u, 128000000000000000u },
+  {                    0u,  80000000000000000u }, {                    0u, 100000000000000000u },
+  {                    0u, 125000000000000000u }, {                    0u,  78125000000000000u },
+  {                    0u,  97656250000000000u }, {                    0u, 122070312500000000u },
+  {                    0u,  76293945312500000u }, {                    0u,  95367431640625000u },
+  {                    0u, 119209289550781250u }, {  4611686018427387904u,  74505805969238281u },
+  { 10376293541461622784u,  93132257461547851u }, {  8358680908399640576u, 116415321826934814u },
+  {   612489549322387456u,  72759576141834259u }, { 14600669991935148032u,  90949470177292823u },
+  { 13639151471491547136u, 113686837721616029u }, {  3213881284082270208u, 142108547152020037u },
+  {  4314518811765112832u,  88817841970012523u }, {   781462496279003136u, 111022302462515654u },
+  { 10200200157203529728u, 138777878078144567u }, { 13292654125893287936u,  86736173798840354u },
+  {  7392445620511834112u, 108420217248550443u }, {  4628871007212404736u, 135525271560688054u },
+  { 16728102434789916672u,  84703294725430033u }, {  7075069988205232128u, 105879118406787542u },
+  { 18067209522111315968u, 132348898008484427u }, {  8986162942105878528u,  82718061255302767u },
+  {  6621017659204960256u, 103397576569128459u }, {  3664586055578812416u, 129246970711410574u },
+  { 16125424340018921472u,  80779356694631608u }, {  1710036351314100224u, 100974195868289511u },
+  { 15972603494424788992u, 126217744835361888u }, {  9982877184015493120u,  78886090522101180u },
+  { 12478596480019366400u,  98607613152626475u }, { 10986559581596820096u, 123259516440783094u },
+  {  2254913720070624656u,  77037197775489434u }, { 12042014186943056628u,  96296497219361792u },
+  { 15052517733678820785u, 120370621524202240u }, {  9407823583549262990u,  75231638452626400u },
+  { 11759779479436578738u,  94039548065783000u }, { 14699724349295723422u, 117549435082228750u },
+  {  4575641699882439235u,  73468396926392969u }, { 10331238143280436948u,  91835496157991211u },
+  {  8302361660673158281u, 114794370197489014u }, {  1154580038986672043u, 143492962746861268u },
+  {  9944984561221445835u,  89683101716788292u }, { 12431230701526807293u, 112103877145985365u },
+  {  1703980321626345405u, 140129846432481707u }, { 17205888765512323542u,  87581154020301066u },
+  { 12283988920035628619u, 109476442525376333u }, {  1519928094762372062u, 136845553156720417u },
+  { 12479170105294952299u,  85528470722950260u }, { 15598962631618690374u, 106910588403687825u },
+  {  5663645234241199255u, 133638235504609782u }, { 17374836326682913246u,  83523897190381113u },
+  {  7883487353071477846u, 104404871487976392u }, {  9854359191339347308u, 130506089359970490u },
+  { 10770660513014479971u,  81566305849981556u }, { 13463325641268099964u, 101957882312476945u },
+  {  2994098996302961243u, 127447352890596182u }, { 15706369927971514489u,  79654595556622613u },
+  {  5797904354682229399u,  99568244445778267u }, {  2635694424925398845u, 124460305557222834u },
+  {  6258995034005762182u,  77787690973264271u }, {  3212057774079814824u,  97234613716580339u },
+  { 17850130272881932242u, 121543267145725423u }, { 18073860448192289507u,  75964541966078389u },
+  {  8757267504958198172u,  94955677457597987u }, {  6334898362770359811u, 118694596821997484u },
+  { 13182683513586250689u,  74184123013748427u }, { 11866668373555425458u,  92730153767185534u },
+  {  5609963430089506015u, 115912692208981918u }, { 17341285199088104971u,  72445432630613698u },
+  { 12453234462005355406u,  90556790788267123u }, { 10954857059079306353u, 113195988485333904u },
+  { 13693571323849132942u, 141494985606667380u }, { 17781854114260483896u,  88434366004167112u },
+  {  3780573569116053255u, 110542957505208891u }, {   114030942967678664u, 138178696881511114u },
+  {  4682955357782187069u,  86361685550944446u }, { 15077066234082509644u, 107952106938680557u },
+  {  5011274737320973344u, 134940133673350697u }, { 14661261756894078100u,  84337583545844185u },
+  {  4491519140835433913u, 105421979432305232u }, {  5614398926044292391u, 131777474290381540u },
+  { 12732371365632458552u,  82360921431488462u }, {  6692092170185797382u, 102951151789360578u },
+  { 17588487249587022536u, 128688939736700722u }, { 15604490549419276989u,  80430587335437951u },
+  { 14893927168346708332u, 100538234169297439u }, { 14005722942005997511u, 125672792711621799u },
+  { 15671105866394830300u,  78545495444763624u }, {  1142138259283986260u,  98181869305954531u },
+  { 15262730879387146537u, 122727336632443163u }, {  7233363790403272633u,  76704585395276977u },
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+  {  4325643253124434363u,  74906821675075173u }, { 10018740084832930858u,  93633527093843966u },
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+  { 14330336087874166247u, 125130193448943807u }, { 15873989082562435760u,  78206370905589879u },
+  { 15230800334775656796u,  97757963631987349u }, {  5203442363187407284u, 122197454539984187u },
+  {   946308467778435600u,  76373409087490117u }, {  5794571603150432404u,  95466761359362646u },
+  { 16466586540792816313u, 119333451699203307u }, {  7985773578781816244u,  74583407312002067u },
+  {  5370530955049882401u,  93229259140002584u }, {  6713163693812353001u, 116536573925003230u },
+  { 18030785363914884337u,  72835358703127018u }, { 13315109668038829614u,  91044198378908773u },
+  {  2808829029766373305u, 113805247973635967u }, { 17346094342490130344u, 142256559967044958u },
+  {  6229622945628943561u,  88910349979403099u }, {  3175342663608791547u, 111137937474253874u },
+  { 13192550366365765242u, 138922421842817342u }, {  3633657960551215372u,  86826513651760839u },
+  { 18377130505971182927u, 108533142064701048u }, {  4524669058754427043u, 135666427580876311u },
+  {  9745447189362598758u,  84791517238047694u }, {  2958436949848472639u, 105989396547559618u },
+  { 12921418224165366607u, 132486745684449522u }, { 12687572408530742033u,  82804216052780951u },
+  { 11247779492236039638u, 103505270065976189u }, {   224666310012885835u, 129381587582470237u },
+  {  2446259452971747599u,  80863492239043898u }, { 12281196353069460307u, 101079365298804872u },
+  { 15351495441336825384u, 126349206623506090u }, { 14206370669262903769u,  78968254139691306u },
+  {  8534591299723853903u,  98710317674614133u }, { 15279925143082205283u, 123387897093267666u },
+  { 14161639232853766206u,  77117435683292291u }, { 13090363022639819853u,  96396794604115364u },
+  { 16362953778299774816u, 120495993255144205u }, { 12532689120651053212u,  75309995784465128u },
+  { 15665861400813816515u,  94137494730581410u }, { 10358954714162494836u, 117671868413226763u },
+  {  4168503687137865320u,  73544917758266727u }, {   598943590494943747u,  91931147197833409u },
+  {  5360365506546067587u, 114913933997291761u }, { 11312142901609972388u, 143642417496614701u },
+  {  9375932322719926695u,  89776510935384188u }, { 11719915403399908368u, 112220638669230235u },
+  { 10038208235822497557u, 140275798336537794u }, { 10885566165816448877u,  87672373960336121u },
+  { 18218643725697949000u, 109590467450420151u }, { 18161618638695048346u, 136988084313025189u },
+  { 13656854658398099168u,  85617552695640743u }, { 12459382304570236056u, 107021940869550929u },
+  {  1739169825430631358u, 133777426086938662u }, { 14922039196176308311u,  83610891304336663u },
+  { 14040862976792997485u, 104513614130420829u }, {  3716020665709083144u, 130642017663026037u },
+  {  4628355925281870917u,  81651261039391273u }, { 10397130925029726550u, 102064076299239091u },
+  {  8384727637859770284u, 127580095374048864u }, {  5240454773662356427u,  79737559608780540u },
+  {  6550568467077945534u,  99671949510975675u }, {  3576524565420044014u, 124589936888719594u },
+  {  6847013871814915412u,  77868710555449746u }, { 17782139376623420074u,  97335888194312182u },
+  { 13004302183924499284u, 121669860242890228u }, { 17351060901807587860u,  76043662651806392u },
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+  { 11179787888887237640u,  74261389308404680u }, { 13974734861109047050u,  92826736635505850u },
+  {  8245046539531533005u, 116033420794382313u }, { 16682369133275677888u,  72520887996488945u },
+  {  7017903361312433648u,  90651109995611182u }, { 17995751238495317868u, 113313887494513977u },
+  {  8659630992836983623u, 141642359368142472u }, {  5412269370523114764u,  88526474605089045u },
+  { 11377022731581281359u, 110658093256361306u }, {  4997906377621825891u, 138322616570451633u },
+  { 14652906532082110942u,  86451635356532270u }, {  9092761128247862869u, 108064544195665338u },
+  {  2142579373455052779u, 135080680244581673u }, { 12868327154477877747u,  84425425152863545u },
+  {  2250350887815183471u, 105531781441079432u }, {  2812938609768979339u, 131914726801349290u },
+  {  6369772649532999991u,  82446704250843306u }, { 17185587848771025797u, 103058380313554132u },
+  {  3035240737254230630u, 128822975391942666u }, {  6508711479211282048u,  80514359619964166u },
+  { 17359261385868878368u, 100642949524955207u }, { 17087390713908710056u, 125803686906194009u },
+  {  3762090168551861929u,  78627304316371256u }, {  4702612710689827411u,  98284130395464070u },
+  { 15101637925217060072u, 122855162994330087u }, { 16356052730901744401u,  76784476871456304u },
+  {  1998321839917628885u,  95980596089320381u }, {  7109588318324424010u, 119975745111650476u },
+  { 13666864735807540814u,  74984840694781547u }, { 12471894901332038114u,  93731050868476934u },
+  {  6366496589810271835u, 117163813585596168u }, {  3979060368631419896u,  73227383490997605u },
+  {  9585511479216662775u,  91534229363747006u }, {  2758517312166052660u, 114417786704683758u },
+  { 12671518677062341634u, 143022233380854697u }, {  1002170145522881665u,  89388895863034186u },
+  { 10476084718758377889u, 111736119828792732u }, { 13095105898447972362u, 139670149785990915u },
+  {  5878598177316288774u,  87293843616244322u }, { 16571619758500136775u, 109117304520305402u },
+  { 11491152661270395161u, 136396630650381753u }, {   264441385652915120u,  85247894156488596u },
+  {   330551732066143900u, 106559867695610745u }, {  5024875683510067779u, 133199834619513431u },
+  { 10058076329834874218u,  83249896637195894u }, {  3349223375438816964u, 104062370796494868u },
+  {  4186529219298521205u, 130077963495618585u }, { 14145795808130045513u,  81298727184761615u },
+  { 13070558741735168987u, 101623408980952019u }, { 11726512408741573330u, 127029261226190024u },
+  {  7329070255463483331u,  79393288266368765u }, { 13773023837756742068u,  99241610332960956u },
+  { 17216279797195927585u, 124052012916201195u }, {  8454331864033760789u,  77532508072625747u },
+  {  5956228811614813082u,  96915635090782184u }, {  7445286014518516353u, 121144543863477730u },
+  {  9264989777501460624u,  75715339914673581u }, { 16192923240304213684u,  94644174893341976u },
+  {  1794409976670715490u, 118305218616677471u }, {  8039035263060279037u,  73940761635423419u },
+  {  5437108060397960892u,  92425952044279274u }, { 16019757112352226923u, 115532440055349092u },
+  {   788976158365366019u,  72207775034593183u }, { 14821278253238871236u,  90259718793241478u },
+  {  9303225779693813237u, 112824648491551848u }, { 11629032224617266546u, 141030810614439810u },
+  { 11879831158813179495u,  88144256634024881u }, {  1014730893234310657u, 110180320792531102u },
+  { 10491785653397664129u, 137725400990663877u }, {  8863209042587234033u,  86078375619164923u },
+  {  6467325284806654637u, 107597969523956154u }, { 17307528642863094104u, 134497461904945192u },
+  { 10817205401789433815u,  84060913690590745u }, { 18133192770664180173u, 105076142113238431u },
+  { 18054804944902837312u, 131345177641548039u }, { 18201782118205355176u,  82090736025967524u },
+  {  4305483574047142354u, 102613420032459406u }, { 14605226504413703751u, 128266775040574257u },
+  {  2210737537617482988u,  80166734400358911u }, { 16598479977304017447u, 100208418000448638u },
+  { 11524727934775246001u, 125260522500560798u }, {  2591268940807140847u,  78287826562850499u },
+  { 17074144231291089770u,  97859783203563123u }, { 16730994270686474309u, 122324729004453904u },
+  { 10456871419179046443u,  76452955627783690u }, {  3847717237119032246u,  95566194534729613u },
+  {  9421332564826178211u, 119457743168412016u }, {  5888332853016361382u,  74661089480257510u },
+  { 16583788103125227536u,  93326361850321887u }, { 16118049110479146516u, 116657952312902359u },
+  { 16991309721690548428u,  72911220195563974u }, { 12015765115258409727u,  91139025244454968u },
+  { 15019706394073012159u, 113923781555568710u }, {  9551260955736489391u, 142404726944460888u },
+  {  5969538097335305869u,  89002954340288055u }, {  2850236603241744433u, 111253692925360069u }
+};
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on
+
+#endif // _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_D2S_FULL_TABLE_H
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2s_intrinsics.h b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2s_intrinsics.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..95912818ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/d2s_intrinsics.h
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_DS2_INTRINSICS_H
+#define _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_DS2_INTRINSICS_H
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__config"
+
+#include "include/ryu/ryu.h"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+#if defined(_M_X64) && defined(_MSC_VER)
+#define _LIBCPP_INTRINSIC128 1
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __ryu_umul128(const uint64_t __a, const uint64_t __b, uint64_t* const __productHi) {
+  return _umul128(__a, __b, __productHi);
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __ryu_shiftright128(const uint64_t __lo, const uint64_t __hi, const uint32_t __dist) {
+  // For the __shiftright128 intrinsic, the shift value is always
+  // modulo 64.
+  // In the current implementation of the double-precision version
+  // of Ryu, the shift value is always < 64.
+  // (The shift value is in the range [49, 58].)
+  // Check this here in case a future change requires larger shift
+  // values. In this case this function needs to be adjusted.
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__dist < 64, "");
+  return __shiftright128(__lo, __hi, static_cast<unsigned char>(__dist));
+}
+
+// ^^^ intrinsics available ^^^ / vvv __int128 available vvv
+#elif defined(__SIZEOF_INT128__) && ( \
+    (defined(__clang__) && !defined(_MSC_VER)) || \
+    (defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && !defined(__CUDACC__)))
+#define _LIBCPP_INTRINSIC128 1
+  // We have __uint128 support in clang or gcc
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __ryu_umul128(const uint64_t __a, const uint64_t __b, uint64_t* const __productHi) {
+  auto __temp = __a * (unsigned __int128)__b;
+  *__productHi = __temp >> 64;
+  return static_cast<uint64_t>(__temp);
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __ryu_shiftright128(const uint64_t __lo, const uint64_t __hi, const uint32_t __dist) {
+  // In the current implementation of the double-precision version
+  // of Ryu, the shift value is always < 64.
+  // (The shift value is in the range [49, 58].)
+  // Check this here in case a future change requires larger shift
+  // values. In this case this function needs to be adjusted.
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__dist < 64, "");
+  auto __temp = __lo | ((unsigned __int128)__hi << 64);
+  // For x64 128-bit shfits using the `shrd` instruction and two 64-bit
+  // registers, the shift value is modulo 64.  Thus the `& 63` is free.
+  return static_cast<uint64_t>(__temp >> (__dist & 63));
+}
+#else // ^^^ __int128 available ^^^ / vvv intrinsics unavailable vvv
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE uint64_t __ryu_umul128(const uint64_t __a, const uint64_t __b, uint64_t* const __productHi) {
+  // TRANSITION, VSO-634761
+  // The casts here help MSVC to avoid calls to the __allmul library function.
+  const uint32_t __aLo = static_cast<uint32_t>(__a);
+  const uint32_t __aHi = static_cast<uint32_t>(__a >> 32);
+  const uint32_t __bLo = static_cast<uint32_t>(__b);
+  const uint32_t __bHi = static_cast<uint32_t>(__b >> 32);
+
+  const uint64_t __b00 = static_cast<uint64_t>(__aLo) * __bLo;
+  const uint64_t __b01 = static_cast<uint64_t>(__aLo) * __bHi;
+  const uint64_t __b10 = static_cast<uint64_t>(__aHi) * __bLo;
+  const uint64_t __b11 = static_cast<uint64_t>(__aHi) * __bHi;
+
+  const uint32_t __b00Lo = static_cast<uint32_t>(__b00);
+  const uint32_t __b00Hi = static_cast<uint32_t>(__b00 >> 32);
+
+  const uint64_t __mid1 = __b10 + __b00Hi;
+  const uint32_t __mid1Lo = static_cast<uint32_t>(__mid1);
+  const uint32_t __mid1Hi = static_cast<uint32_t>(__mid1 >> 32);
+
+  const uint64_t __mid2 = __b01 + __mid1Lo;
+  const uint32_t __mid2Lo = static_cast<uint32_t>(__mid2);
+  const uint32_t __mid2Hi = static_cast<uint32_t>(__mid2 >> 32);
+
+  const uint64_t __pHi = __b11 + __mid1Hi + __mid2Hi;
+  const uint64_t __pLo = (static_cast<uint64_t>(__mid2Lo) << 32) | __b00Lo;
+
+  *__productHi = __pHi;
+  return __pLo;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __ryu_shiftright128(const uint64_t __lo, const uint64_t __hi, const uint32_t __dist) {
+  // We don't need to handle the case __dist >= 64 here (see above).
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__dist < 64, "");
+#ifdef _LIBCPP_64_BIT
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__dist > 0, "");
+  return (__hi << (64 - __dist)) | (__lo >> __dist);
+#else // ^^^ 64-bit ^^^ / vvv 32-bit vvv
+  // Avoid a 64-bit shift by taking advantage of the range of shift values.
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__dist >= 32, "");
+  return (__hi << (64 - __dist)) | (static_cast<uint32_t>(__lo >> 32) >> (__dist - 32));
+#endif // ^^^ 32-bit ^^^
+}
+
+#endif // ^^^ intrinsics unavailable ^^^
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_64_BIT
+
+// Returns the high 64 bits of the 128-bit product of __a and __b.
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __umulh(const uint64_t __a, const uint64_t __b) {
+  // Reuse the __ryu_umul128 implementation.
+  // Optimizers will likely eliminate the instructions used to compute the
+  // low part of the product.
+  uint64_t __hi;
+  (void) __ryu_umul128(__a, __b, &__hi);
+  return __hi;
+}
+
+// On 32-bit platforms, compilers typically generate calls to library
+// functions for 64-bit divisions, even if the divisor is a constant.
+//
+// TRANSITION, LLVM-37932
+//
+// The functions here perform division-by-constant using multiplications
+// in the same way as 64-bit compilers would do.
+//
+// NB:
+// The multipliers and shift values are the ones generated by clang x64
+// for expressions like x/5, x/10, etc.
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __div5(const uint64_t __x) {
+  return __umulh(__x, 0xCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCDu) >> 2;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __div10(const uint64_t __x) {
+  return __umulh(__x, 0xCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCDu) >> 3;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __div100(const uint64_t __x) {
+  return __umulh(__x >> 2, 0x28F5C28F5C28F5C3u) >> 2;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __div1e8(const uint64_t __x) {
+  return __umulh(__x, 0xABCC77118461CEFDu) >> 26;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __div1e9(const uint64_t __x) {
+  return __umulh(__x >> 9, 0x44B82FA09B5A53u) >> 11;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __mod1e9(const uint64_t __x) {
+  // Avoid 64-bit math as much as possible.
+  // Returning static_cast<uint32_t>(__x - 1000000000 * __div1e9(__x)) would
+  // perform 32x64-bit multiplication and 64-bit subtraction.
+  // __x and 1000000000 * __div1e9(__x) are guaranteed to differ by
+  // less than 10^9, so their highest 32 bits must be identical,
+  // so we can truncate both sides to uint32_t before subtracting.
+  // We can also simplify static_cast<uint32_t>(1000000000 * __div1e9(__x)).
+  // We can truncate before multiplying instead of after, as multiplying
+  // the highest 32 bits of __div1e9(__x) can't affect the lowest 32 bits.
+  return static_cast<uint32_t>(__x) - 1000000000 * static_cast<uint32_t>(__div1e9(__x));
+}
+
+#else // ^^^ 32-bit ^^^ / vvv 64-bit vvv
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __div5(const uint64_t __x) {
+  return __x / 5;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __div10(const uint64_t __x) {
+  return __x / 10;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __div100(const uint64_t __x) {
+  return __x / 100;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __div1e8(const uint64_t __x) {
+  return __x / 100000000;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __div1e9(const uint64_t __x) {
+  return __x / 1000000000;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __mod1e9(const uint64_t __x) {
+  return static_cast<uint32_t>(__x - 1000000000 * __div1e9(__x));
+}
+
+#endif // ^^^ 64-bit ^^^
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __pow5Factor(uint64_t __value) {
+  uint32_t __count = 0;
+  for (;;) {
+    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__value != 0, "");
+    const uint64_t __q = __div5(__value);
+    const uint32_t __r = static_cast<uint32_t>(__value) - 5 * static_cast<uint32_t>(__q);
+    if (__r != 0) {
+      break;
+    }
+    __value = __q;
+    ++__count;
+  }
+  return __count;
+}
+
+// Returns true if __value is divisible by 5^__p.
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline bool __multipleOfPowerOf5(const uint64_t __value, const uint32_t __p) {
+  // I tried a case distinction on __p, but there was no performance difference.
+  return __pow5Factor(__value) >= __p;
+}
+
+// Returns true if __value is divisible by 2^__p.
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline bool __multipleOfPowerOf2(const uint64_t __value, const uint32_t __p) {
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__value != 0, "");
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__p < 64, "");
+  // __builtin_ctzll doesn't appear to be faster here.
+  return (__value & ((1ull << __p) - 1)) == 0;
+}
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on
+
+#endif // _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_DS2_INTRINSICS_H
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/digit_table.h b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/digit_table.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3962f66931
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/digit_table.h
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_DIGIT_TABLE_H
+#define _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_DIGIT_TABLE_H
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__config"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// A table of all two-digit numbers. This is used to speed up decimal digit
+// generation by copying pairs of digits into the final output.
+inline constexpr char __DIGIT_TABLE[200] = {
+  '0','0','0','1','0','2','0','3','0','4','0','5','0','6','0','7','0','8','0','9',
+  '1','0','1','1','1','2','1','3','1','4','1','5','1','6','1','7','1','8','1','9',
+  '2','0','2','1','2','2','2','3','2','4','2','5','2','6','2','7','2','8','2','9',
+  '3','0','3','1','3','2','3','3','3','4','3','5','3','6','3','7','3','8','3','9',
+  '4','0','4','1','4','2','4','3','4','4','4','5','4','6','4','7','4','8','4','9',
+  '5','0','5','1','5','2','5','3','5','4','5','5','5','6','5','7','5','8','5','9',
+  '6','0','6','1','6','2','6','3','6','4','6','5','6','6','6','7','6','8','6','9',
+  '7','0','7','1','7','2','7','3','7','4','7','5','7','6','7','7','7','8','7','9',
+  '8','0','8','1','8','2','8','3','8','4','8','5','8','6','8','7','8','8','8','9',
+  '9','0','9','1','9','2','9','3','9','4','9','5','9','6','9','7','9','8','9','9'
+};
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on
+
+#endif // _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_DIGIT_TABLE_H
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/f2s.h b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/f2s.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..80fdcd458b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/f2s.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_FS2_H
+#define _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_FS2_H
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__config"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+[[nodiscard]] to_chars_result __f2s_buffered_n(char* const _First, char* const _Last, const float __f, const chars_format _Fmt);
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on
+
+#endif // _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_FS2_H
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/ryu.h b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/ryu.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78c04e81ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/ryu/ryu.h
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+// -*- C++ -*-
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_RYU_H
+#define _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_RYU_H
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__charconv/chars_format.h"
+#include "__charconv/to_chars_result.h"
+#include "__config"
+#include "__debug"
+#include "__errc"
+#include "cstdint"
+#include "cstring"
+#include "type_traits"
+#include "include/ryu/f2s.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2s.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2fixed.h"
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#include <intrin.h> // for _umul128() and __shiftright128()
+#endif // defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+#if defined(_WIN64) || defined(_M_AMD64) || defined(__x86_64__) ||  defined(__aarch64__)
+#define _LIBCPP_64_BIT
+#endif
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// https://github.com/ulfjack/ryu/tree/59661c3/ryu
+
+#if !defined(_LIBCPP_COMPILER_MSVC)
+_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline unsigned char _BitScanForward64(unsigned long* __index, unsigned long long __mask) {
+  if (__mask == 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  *__index = __builtin_ctzll(__mask);
+  return true;
+}
+
+_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline unsigned char _BitScanForward(unsigned long* __index, unsigned int __mask) {
+  if (__mask == 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  *__index = __builtin_ctz(__mask);
+  return true;
+}
+#endif  // _LIBCPP_COMPILER_MSVC
+
+template <class _Floating>
+[[nodiscard]] to_chars_result _Floating_to_chars_ryu(
+    char* const _First, char* const _Last, const _Floating _Value, const chars_format _Fmt) noexcept {
+    if constexpr (_IsSame<_Floating, float>::value) {
+        return __f2s_buffered_n(_First, _Last, _Value, _Fmt);
+    } else {
+        return __d2s_buffered_n(_First, _Last, _Value, _Fmt);
+    }
+}
+
+template <class _Floating>
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI to_chars_result _Floating_to_chars_scientific_precision(
+    char* const _First, char* const _Last, const _Floating _Value, int _Precision) noexcept {
+
+    // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/5:
+    // "A negative precision argument is taken as if the precision were omitted."
+    // /8: "e,E [...] if the precision is missing, it is taken as 6"
+
+    if (_Precision < 0) {
+        _Precision = 6;
+    } else if (_Precision < 1'000'000'000) { // Match ' to fix compilation with GCC in C++11 mode
+        // _Precision is ok.
+    } else {
+        // Avoid integer overflow.
+        // (This defensive check is slightly nonconformant; it can be carefully improved in the future.)
+        return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+    }
+
+    return __d2exp_buffered_n(_First, _Last, _Value, static_cast<uint32_t>(_Precision));
+}
+
+template <class _Floating>
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI to_chars_result _Floating_to_chars_fixed_precision(
+    char* const _First, char* const _Last, const _Floating _Value, int _Precision) noexcept {
+
+    // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/5:
+    // "A negative precision argument is taken as if the precision were omitted."
+    // /8: "f,F [...] If the precision is missing, it is taken as 6"
+
+    if (_Precision < 0) {
+        _Precision = 6;
+    } else if (_Precision < 1'000'000'000) { // Match ' to fix compilation with GCC in C++11 mode
+        // _Precision is ok.
+    } else {
+        // Avoid integer overflow.
+        // (This defensive check is slightly nonconformant; it can be carefully improved in the future.)
+        return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+    }
+
+    return __d2fixed_buffered_n(_First, _Last, _Value, static_cast<uint32_t>(_Precision));
+}
+
+#undef _LIBCPP_64_BIT
+#undef _LIBCPP_INTRINSIC128
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on
+
+#endif // _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_RYU_RYU_H
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/to_chars_floating_point.h b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/to_chars_floating_point.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..081d671fc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/include/to_chars_floating_point.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1076 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// This implementation is dedicated to the memory of Mary and Thavatchai.
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT_H
+#define _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT_H
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__algorithm/find.h"
+#include "__algorithm/find_if.h"
+#include "__algorithm/lower_bound.h"
+#include "__algorithm/min.h"
+#include "__config"
+#include "__iterator/access.h"
+#include "__iterator/size.h"
+#include "bit"
+#include "cfloat"
+#include "climits"
+#include "include/ryu/ryu.h"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+namespace __itoa {
+inline constexpr char _Charconv_digits[] = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e',
+    'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z'};
+static_assert(_VSTD::size(_Charconv_digits) == 36);
+} // __itoa
+
+// vvvvvvvvvv DERIVED FROM corecrt_internal_fltintrn.h vvvvvvvvvv
+
+template <class _FloatingType>
+struct _Floating_type_traits;
+
+template <>
+struct _Floating_type_traits<float> {
+    static constexpr int32_t _Mantissa_bits = FLT_MANT_DIG;
+    static constexpr int32_t _Exponent_bits = sizeof(float) * CHAR_BIT - FLT_MANT_DIG;
+
+    static constexpr int32_t _Maximum_binary_exponent = FLT_MAX_EXP - 1;
+    static constexpr int32_t _Minimum_binary_exponent = FLT_MIN_EXP - 1;
+
+    static constexpr int32_t _Exponent_bias = 127;
+
+    static constexpr int32_t _Sign_shift     = _Exponent_bits + _Mantissa_bits - 1;
+    static constexpr int32_t _Exponent_shift = _Mantissa_bits - 1;
+
+    using _Uint_type = uint32_t;
+
+    static constexpr uint32_t _Exponent_mask             = (1u << _Exponent_bits) - 1;
+    static constexpr uint32_t _Normal_mantissa_mask      = (1u << _Mantissa_bits) - 1;
+    static constexpr uint32_t _Denormal_mantissa_mask    = (1u << (_Mantissa_bits - 1)) - 1;
+    static constexpr uint32_t _Special_nan_mantissa_mask = 1u << (_Mantissa_bits - 2);
+    static constexpr uint32_t _Shifted_sign_mask         = 1u << _Sign_shift;
+    static constexpr uint32_t _Shifted_exponent_mask     = _Exponent_mask << _Exponent_shift;
+};
+
+template <>
+struct _Floating_type_traits<double> {
+    static constexpr int32_t _Mantissa_bits = DBL_MANT_DIG;
+    static constexpr int32_t _Exponent_bits = sizeof(double) * CHAR_BIT - DBL_MANT_DIG;
+
+    static constexpr int32_t _Maximum_binary_exponent = DBL_MAX_EXP - 1;
+    static constexpr int32_t _Minimum_binary_exponent = DBL_MIN_EXP - 1;
+
+    static constexpr int32_t _Exponent_bias = 1023;
+
+    static constexpr int32_t _Sign_shift     = _Exponent_bits + _Mantissa_bits - 1;
+    static constexpr int32_t _Exponent_shift = _Mantissa_bits - 1;
+
+    using _Uint_type = uint64_t;
+
+    static constexpr uint64_t _Exponent_mask             = (1ULL << _Exponent_bits) - 1;
+    static constexpr uint64_t _Normal_mantissa_mask      = (1ULL << _Mantissa_bits) - 1;
+    static constexpr uint64_t _Denormal_mantissa_mask    = (1ULL << (_Mantissa_bits - 1)) - 1;
+    static constexpr uint64_t _Special_nan_mantissa_mask = 1ULL << (_Mantissa_bits - 2);
+    static constexpr uint64_t _Shifted_sign_mask         = 1ULL << _Sign_shift;
+    static constexpr uint64_t _Shifted_exponent_mask     = _Exponent_mask << _Exponent_shift;
+};
+
+// ^^^^^^^^^^ DERIVED FROM corecrt_internal_fltintrn.h ^^^^^^^^^^
+
+// FUNCTION to_chars (FLOATING-POINT TO STRING)
+template <class _Floating>
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI
+to_chars_result _Floating_to_chars_hex_precision(
+    char* _First, char* const _Last, const _Floating _Value, int _Precision) noexcept {
+
+    // * Determine the effective _Precision.
+    // * Later, we'll decrement _Precision when printing each hexit after the decimal point.
+
+    // The hexits after the decimal point correspond to the explicitly stored fraction bits.
+    // float explicitly stores 23 fraction bits. 23 / 4 == 5.75, which is 6 hexits.
+    // double explicitly stores 52 fraction bits. 52 / 4 == 13, which is 13 hexits.
+    constexpr int _Full_precision         = _IsSame<_Floating, float>::value ? 6 : 13;
+    constexpr int _Adjusted_explicit_bits = _Full_precision * 4;
+
+    if (_Precision < 0) {
+        // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/5: "A negative precision argument is taken as if the precision were
+        // omitted." /8: "if the precision is missing and FLT_RADIX is a power of 2, then the precision is sufficient
+        // for an exact representation of the value"
+        _Precision = _Full_precision;
+    }
+
+    // * Extract the _Ieee_mantissa and _Ieee_exponent.
+    using _Traits    = _Floating_type_traits<_Floating>;
+    using _Uint_type = typename _Traits::_Uint_type;
+
+    const _Uint_type _Uint_value    = _VSTD::bit_cast<_Uint_type>(_Value);
+    const _Uint_type _Ieee_mantissa = _Uint_value & _Traits::_Denormal_mantissa_mask;
+    const int32_t _Ieee_exponent    = static_cast<int32_t>(_Uint_value >> _Traits::_Exponent_shift);
+
+    // * Prepare the _Adjusted_mantissa. This is aligned to hexit boundaries,
+    // * with the implicit bit restored (0 for zero values and subnormal values, 1 for normal values).
+    // * Also calculate the _Unbiased_exponent. This unifies the processing of zero, subnormal, and normal values.
+    _Uint_type _Adjusted_mantissa;
+
+    if constexpr (_IsSame<_Floating, float>::value) {
+        _Adjusted_mantissa = _Ieee_mantissa << 1; // align to hexit boundary (23 isn't divisible by 4)
+    } else {
+        _Adjusted_mantissa = _Ieee_mantissa; // already aligned (52 is divisible by 4)
+    }
+
+    int32_t _Unbiased_exponent;
+
+    if (_Ieee_exponent == 0) { // zero or subnormal
+        // implicit bit is 0
+
+        if (_Ieee_mantissa == 0) { // zero
+            // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/8: "If the value is zero, the exponent is zero."
+            _Unbiased_exponent = 0;
+        } else { // subnormal
+            _Unbiased_exponent = 1 - _Traits::_Exponent_bias;
+        }
+    } else { // normal
+        _Adjusted_mantissa |= _Uint_type{1} << _Adjusted_explicit_bits; // implicit bit is 1
+        _Unbiased_exponent = _Ieee_exponent - _Traits::_Exponent_bias;
+    }
+
+    // _Unbiased_exponent is within [-126, 127] for float, [-1022, 1023] for double.
+
+    // * Decompose _Unbiased_exponent into _Sign_character and _Absolute_exponent.
+    char _Sign_character;
+    uint32_t _Absolute_exponent;
+
+    if (_Unbiased_exponent < 0) {
+        _Sign_character    = '-';
+        _Absolute_exponent = static_cast<uint32_t>(-_Unbiased_exponent);
+    } else {
+        _Sign_character    = '+';
+        _Absolute_exponent = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Unbiased_exponent);
+    }
+
+    // _Absolute_exponent is within [0, 127] for float, [0, 1023] for double.
+
+    // * Perform a single bounds check.
+    {
+        int32_t _Exponent_length;
+
+        if (_Absolute_exponent < 10) {
+            _Exponent_length = 1;
+        } else if (_Absolute_exponent < 100) {
+            _Exponent_length = 2;
+        } else if constexpr (_IsSame<_Floating, float>::value) {
+            _Exponent_length = 3;
+        } else if (_Absolute_exponent < 1000) {
+            _Exponent_length = 3;
+        } else {
+            _Exponent_length = 4;
+        }
+
+        // _Precision might be enormous; avoid integer overflow by testing it separately.
+        ptrdiff_t _Buffer_size = _Last - _First;
+
+        if (_Buffer_size < _Precision) {
+            return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+        }
+
+        _Buffer_size -= _Precision;
+
+        const int32_t _Length_excluding_precision = 1 // leading hexit
+                                                    + static_cast<int32_t>(_Precision > 0) // possible decimal point
+                                                    // excluding `+ _Precision`, hexits after decimal point
+                                                    + 2 // "p+" or "p-"
+                                                    + _Exponent_length; // exponent
+
+        if (_Buffer_size < _Length_excluding_precision) {
+            return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+        }
+    }
+
+    // * Perform rounding when we've been asked to omit hexits.
+    if (_Precision < _Full_precision) {
+        // _Precision is within [0, 5] for float, [0, 12] for double.
+
+        // _Dropped_bits is within [4, 24] for float, [4, 52] for double.
+        const int _Dropped_bits = (_Full_precision - _Precision) * 4;
+
+        // Perform rounding by adding an appropriately-shifted bit.
+
+        // This can propagate carries all the way into the leading hexit. Examples:
+        // "0.ff9" rounded to a precision of 2 is "1.00".
+        // "1.ff9" rounded to a precision of 2 is "2.00".
+
+        // Note that the leading hexit participates in the rounding decision. Examples:
+        // "0.8" rounded to a precision of 0 is "0".
+        // "1.8" rounded to a precision of 0 is "2".
+
+        // Reference implementation with suboptimal codegen:
+        // bool _Should_round_up(bool _Lsb_bit, bool _Round_bit, bool _Has_tail_bits) {
+        //    // If there are no insignificant set bits, the value is exactly-representable and should not be rounded.
+        //    //
+        //    // If there are insignificant set bits, we need to round according to round_to_nearest.
+        //    // We need to handle two cases: we round up if either [1] the value is slightly greater
+        //    // than the midpoint between two exactly-representable values or [2] the value is exactly the midpoint
+        //    // between two exactly-representable values and the greater of the two is even (this is "round-to-even").
+        //    return _Round_bit && (_Has_tail_bits || _Lsb_bit);
+        //}
+        // const bool _Lsb_bit       = (_Adjusted_mantissa & (_Uint_type{1} << _Dropped_bits)) != 0;
+        // const bool _Round_bit     = (_Adjusted_mantissa & (_Uint_type{1} << (_Dropped_bits - 1))) != 0;
+        // const bool _Has_tail_bits = (_Adjusted_mantissa & ((_Uint_type{1} << (_Dropped_bits - 1)) - 1)) != 0;
+        // const bool _Should_round = _Should_round_up(_Lsb_bit, _Round_bit, _Has_tail_bits);
+        // _Adjusted_mantissa += _Uint_type{_Should_round} << _Dropped_bits;
+
+        // Example for optimized implementation: Let _Dropped_bits be 8.
+        //          Bit index: ...[8]76543210
+        // _Adjusted_mantissa: ...[L]RTTTTTTT (not depicting known details, like hexit alignment)
+        // By focusing on the bit at index _Dropped_bits, we can avoid unnecessary branching and shifting.
+
+        // Bit index: ...[8]76543210
+        //  _Lsb_bit: ...[L]RTTTTTTT
+        const _Uint_type _Lsb_bit = _Adjusted_mantissa;
+
+        //  Bit index: ...9[8]76543210
+        // _Round_bit: ...L[R]TTTTTTT0
+        const _Uint_type _Round_bit = _Adjusted_mantissa << 1;
+
+        // We can detect (without branching) whether any of the trailing bits are set.
+        // Due to _Should_round below, this computation will be used if and only if R is 1, so we can assume that here.
+        //      Bit index: ...9[8]76543210
+        //     _Round_bit: ...L[1]TTTTTTT0
+        // _Has_tail_bits: ....[H]........
+
+        // If all of the trailing bits T are 0, then `_Round_bit - 1` will produce 0 for H (due to R being 1).
+        // If any of the trailing bits T are 1, then `_Round_bit - 1` will produce 1 for H (due to R being 1).
+        const _Uint_type _Has_tail_bits = _Round_bit - 1;
+
+        // Finally, we can use _Should_round_up() logic with bitwise-AND and bitwise-OR,
+        // selecting just the bit at index _Dropped_bits. This is the appropriately-shifted bit that we want.
+        const _Uint_type _Should_round = _Round_bit & (_Has_tail_bits | _Lsb_bit) & (_Uint_type{1} << _Dropped_bits);
+
+        // This rounding technique is dedicated to the memory of Peppermint. =^..^=
+        _Adjusted_mantissa += _Should_round;
+    }
+
+    // * Print the leading hexit, then mask it away.
+    {
+        const uint32_t _Nibble = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Adjusted_mantissa >> _Adjusted_explicit_bits);
+        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Nibble < 3, "");
+        const char _Leading_hexit = static_cast<char>('0' + _Nibble);
+
+        *_First++ = _Leading_hexit;
+
+        constexpr _Uint_type _Mask = (_Uint_type{1} << _Adjusted_explicit_bits) - 1;
+        _Adjusted_mantissa &= _Mask;
+    }
+
+    // * Print the decimal point and trailing hexits.
+
+    // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/8:
+    // "if the precision is zero and the # flag is not specified, no decimal-point character appears."
+    if (_Precision > 0) {
+        *_First++ = '.';
+
+        int32_t _Number_of_bits_remaining = _Adjusted_explicit_bits; // 24 for float, 52 for double
+
+        for (;;) {
+            _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Number_of_bits_remaining >= 4, "");
+            _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Number_of_bits_remaining % 4 == 0, "");
+            _Number_of_bits_remaining -= 4;
+
+            const uint32_t _Nibble = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Adjusted_mantissa >> _Number_of_bits_remaining);
+            _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Nibble < 16, "");
+            const char _Hexit = __itoa::_Charconv_digits[_Nibble];
+
+            *_First++ = _Hexit;
+
+            // _Precision is the number of hexits that still need to be printed.
+            --_Precision;
+            if (_Precision == 0) {
+                break; // We're completely done with this phase.
+            }
+            // Otherwise, we need to keep printing hexits.
+
+            if (_Number_of_bits_remaining == 0) {
+                // We've finished printing _Adjusted_mantissa, so all remaining hexits are '0'.
+                _VSTD::memset(_First, '0', static_cast<size_t>(_Precision));
+                _First += _Precision;
+                break;
+            }
+
+            // Mask away the hexit that we just printed, then keep looping.
+            // (We skip this when breaking out of the loop above, because _Adjusted_mantissa isn't used later.)
+            const _Uint_type _Mask = (_Uint_type{1} << _Number_of_bits_remaining) - 1;
+            _Adjusted_mantissa &= _Mask;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // * Print the exponent.
+
+    // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/8: "The exponent always contains at least one digit, and only as many more
+    // digits as necessary to represent the decimal exponent of 2."
+
+    // Performance note: We should take advantage of the known ranges of possible exponents.
+
+    *_First++ = 'p';
+    *_First++ = _Sign_character;
+
+    // We've already printed '-' if necessary, so uint32_t _Absolute_exponent avoids testing that again.
+    return _VSTD::to_chars(_First, _Last, _Absolute_exponent);
+}
+
+template <class _Floating>
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI
+to_chars_result _Floating_to_chars_hex_shortest(
+    char* _First, char* const _Last, const _Floating _Value) noexcept {
+
+    // This prints "1.728p+0" instead of "2.e5p-1".
+    // This prints "0.000002p-126" instead of "1p-149" for float.
+    // This prints "0.0000000000001p-1022" instead of "1p-1074" for double.
+    // This prioritizes being consistent with printf's de facto behavior (and hex-precision's behavior)
+    // over minimizing the number of characters printed.
+
+    using _Traits    = _Floating_type_traits<_Floating>;
+    using _Uint_type = typename _Traits::_Uint_type;
+
+    const _Uint_type _Uint_value = _VSTD::bit_cast<_Uint_type>(_Value);
+
+    if (_Uint_value == 0) { // zero detected; write "0p+0" and return
+        // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/8: "If the value is zero, the exponent is zero."
+        // Special-casing zero is necessary because of the exponent.
+        const char* const _Str = "0p+0";
+        const size_t _Len      = 4;
+
+        if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(_Len)) {
+            return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+        }
+
+        _VSTD::memcpy(_First, _Str, _Len);
+
+        return {_First + _Len, errc{}};
+    }
+
+    const _Uint_type _Ieee_mantissa = _Uint_value & _Traits::_Denormal_mantissa_mask;
+    const int32_t _Ieee_exponent    = static_cast<int32_t>(_Uint_value >> _Traits::_Exponent_shift);
+
+    char _Leading_hexit; // implicit bit
+    int32_t _Unbiased_exponent;
+
+    if (_Ieee_exponent == 0) { // subnormal
+        _Leading_hexit     = '0';
+        _Unbiased_exponent = 1 - _Traits::_Exponent_bias;
+    } else { // normal
+        _Leading_hexit     = '1';
+        _Unbiased_exponent = _Ieee_exponent - _Traits::_Exponent_bias;
+    }
+
+    // Performance note: Consider avoiding per-character bounds checking when there's plenty of space.
+
+    if (_First == _Last) {
+        return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+    }
+
+    *_First++ = _Leading_hexit;
+
+    if (_Ieee_mantissa == 0) {
+        // The fraction bits are all 0. Trim them away, including the decimal point.
+    } else {
+        if (_First == _Last) {
+            return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+        }
+
+        *_First++ = '.';
+
+        // The hexits after the decimal point correspond to the explicitly stored fraction bits.
+        // float explicitly stores 23 fraction bits. 23 / 4 == 5.75, so we'll print at most 6 hexits.
+        // double explicitly stores 52 fraction bits. 52 / 4 == 13, so we'll print at most 13 hexits.
+        _Uint_type _Adjusted_mantissa;
+        int32_t _Number_of_bits_remaining;
+
+        if constexpr (_IsSame<_Floating, float>::value) {
+            _Adjusted_mantissa        = _Ieee_mantissa << 1; // align to hexit boundary (23 isn't divisible by 4)
+            _Number_of_bits_remaining = 24; // 23 fraction bits + 1 alignment bit
+        } else {
+            _Adjusted_mantissa        = _Ieee_mantissa; // already aligned (52 is divisible by 4)
+            _Number_of_bits_remaining = 52; // 52 fraction bits
+        }
+
+        // do-while: The condition _Adjusted_mantissa != 0 is initially true - we have nonzero fraction bits and we've
+        // printed the decimal point. Each iteration, we print a hexit, mask it away, and keep looping if we still have
+        // nonzero fraction bits. If there would be trailing '0' hexits, this trims them. If there wouldn't be trailing
+        // '0' hexits, the same condition works (as we print the final hexit and mask it away); we don't need to test
+        // _Number_of_bits_remaining.
+        do {
+            _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Number_of_bits_remaining >= 4, "");
+            _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Number_of_bits_remaining % 4 == 0, "");
+            _Number_of_bits_remaining -= 4;
+
+            const uint32_t _Nibble = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Adjusted_mantissa >> _Number_of_bits_remaining);
+            _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Nibble < 16, "");
+            const char _Hexit = __itoa::_Charconv_digits[_Nibble];
+
+            if (_First == _Last) {
+                return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+            }
+
+            *_First++ = _Hexit;
+
+            const _Uint_type _Mask = (_Uint_type{1} << _Number_of_bits_remaining) - 1;
+            _Adjusted_mantissa &= _Mask;
+
+        } while (_Adjusted_mantissa != 0);
+    }
+
+    // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/8: "The exponent always contains at least one digit, and only as many more
+    // digits as necessary to represent the decimal exponent of 2."
+
+    // Performance note: We should take advantage of the known ranges of possible exponents.
+
+    // float: _Unbiased_exponent is within [-126, 127].
+    // double: _Unbiased_exponent is within [-1022, 1023].
+
+    if (_Last - _First < 2) {
+        return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+    }
+
+    *_First++ = 'p';
+
+    if (_Unbiased_exponent < 0) {
+        *_First++          = '-';
+        _Unbiased_exponent = -_Unbiased_exponent;
+    } else {
+        *_First++ = '+';
+    }
+
+    // We've already printed '-' if necessary, so static_cast<uint32_t> avoids testing that again.
+    return _VSTD::to_chars(_First, _Last, static_cast<uint32_t>(_Unbiased_exponent));
+}
+
+// For general precision, we can use lookup tables to avoid performing trial formatting.
+
+// For a simple example, imagine counting the number of digits D in an integer, and needing to know
+// whether D is less than 3, equal to 3/4/5/6, or greater than 6. We could use a lookup table:
+// D | Largest integer with D digits
+// 2 |      99
+// 3 |     999
+// 4 |   9'999
+// 5 |  99'999
+// 6 | 999'999
+// 7 | table end
+// Looking up an integer in this table with lower_bound() will work:
+// * Too-small integers, like 7, 70, and 99, will cause lower_bound() to return the D == 2 row. (If all we care
+//   about is whether D is less than 3, then it's okay to smash the D == 1 and D == 2 cases together.)
+// * Integers in [100, 999] will cause lower_bound() to return the D == 3 row, and so forth.
+// * Too-large integers, like 1'000'000 and above, will cause lower_bound() to return the end of the table. If we
+//   compute D from that index, this will be considered D == 7, which will activate any "greater than 6" logic.
+
+// Floating-point is slightly more complicated.
+
+// The ordinary lookup tables are for X within [-5, 38] for float, and [-5, 308] for double.
+// (-5 absorbs too-negative exponents, outside the P > X >= -4 criterion. 38 and 308 are the maximum exponents.)
+// Due to the P > X condition, we can use a subset of the table for X within [-5, P - 1], suitably clamped.
+
+// When P is small, rounding can affect X. For example:
+// For P == 1, the largest double with X == 0 is: 9.4999999999999982236431605997495353221893310546875
+// For P == 2, the largest double with X == 0 is: 9.949999999999999289457264239899814128875732421875
+// For P == 3, the largest double with X == 0 is: 9.9949999999999992184029906638897955417633056640625
+
+// Exponent adjustment is a concern for P within [1, 7] for float, and [1, 15] for double (determined via
+// brute force). While larger values of P still perform rounding, they can't trigger exponent adjustment.
+// This is because only values with repeated '9' digits can undergo exponent adjustment during rounding,
+// and floating-point granularity limits the number of consecutive '9' digits that can appear.
+
+// So, we need special lookup tables for small values of P.
+// These tables have varying lengths due to the P > X >= -4 criterion. For example:
+// For P == 1, need table entries for X: -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0
+// For P == 2, need table entries for X: -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1
+// For P == 3, need table entries for X: -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2
+// For P == 4, need table entries for X: -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3
+
+// We can concatenate these tables for compact storage, using triangular numbers to access them.
+// The table for P begins at index (P - 1) * (P + 10) / 2 with length P + 5.
+
+// For both the ordinary and special lookup tables, after an index I is returned by lower_bound(), X is I - 5.
+
+// We need to special-case the floating-point value 0.0, which is considered to have X == 0.
+// Otherwise, the lookup tables would consider it to have a highly negative X.
+
+// Finally, because we're working with positive floating-point values,
+// representation comparisons behave identically to floating-point comparisons.
+
+// The following code generated the lookup tables for the scientific exponent X. Don't remove this code.
+#if 0
+// cl /EHsc /nologo /W4 /MT /O2 /std:c++17 generate_tables.cpp && generate_tables
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <charconv>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <limits>
+#include <map>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <system_error>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <vector>
+using namespace std;
+
+template <typename UInt, typename Pred>
+[[nodiscard]] UInt uint_partition_point(UInt first, const UInt last, Pred pred) {
+    // Find the beginning of the false partition in [first, last).
+    // [first, last) is partitioned when all of the true values occur before all of the false values.
+
+    static_assert(is_unsigned_v<UInt>);
+    assert(first <= last);
+
+    for (UInt n = last - first; n > 0;) {
+        const UInt n2  = n / 2;
+        const UInt mid = first + n2;
+
+        if (pred(mid)) {
+            first = mid + 1;
+            n     = n - n2 - 1;
+        } else {
+            n = n2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return first;
+}
+
+template <typename Floating>
+[[nodiscard]] int scientific_exponent_X(const int P, const Floating flt) {
+    char buf[400]; // more than enough
+
+    // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/8 performs trial formatting with scientific precision P - 1.
+    const auto to_result = to_chars(buf, end(buf), flt, chars_format::scientific, P - 1);
+    assert(to_result.ec == errc{});
+
+    const char* exp_ptr = find(buf, to_result.ptr, 'e');
+    assert(exp_ptr != to_result.ptr);
+
+    ++exp_ptr; // advance past 'e'
+
+    if (*exp_ptr == '+') {
+        ++exp_ptr; // advance past '+' which from_chars() won't parse
+    }
+
+    int X;
+    const auto from_result = from_chars(exp_ptr, to_result.ptr, X);
+    assert(from_result.ec == errc{});
+    return X;
+}
+
+template <typename UInt>
+void print_table(const vector<UInt>& v, const char* const name) {
+    constexpr const char* UIntName = _IsSame<UInt, uint32_t>::value ? "uint32_t" : "uint64_t";
+
+    printf("static constexpr %s %s[%zu] = {\n", UIntName, name, v.size());
+
+    for (const auto& val : v) {
+        if constexpr (_IsSame<UInt, uint32_t>::value) {
+            printf("0x%08Xu,\n", val);
+        } else {
+            printf("0x%016llXu,\n", val);
+        }
+    }
+
+    printf("};\n");
+}
+
+enum class Mode { Tables, Tests };
+
+template <typename Floating>
+void generate_tables(const Mode mode) {
+    using Limits = numeric_limits<Floating>;
+    using UInt   = conditional_t<_IsSame<Floating, float>::value, uint32_t, uint64_t>;
+
+    map<int, map<int, UInt>> P_X_LargestValWithX;
+
+    constexpr int MaxP = Limits::max_exponent10 + 1; // MaxP performs no rounding during trial formatting
+
+    for (int P = 1; P <= MaxP; ++P) {
+        for (int X = -5; X < P; ++X) {
+            constexpr Floating first = static_cast<Floating>(9e-5); // well below 9.5e-5, otherwise arbitrary
+            constexpr Floating last  = Limits::infinity(); // one bit above Limits::max()
+
+            const UInt val_beyond_X = uint_partition_point(reinterpret_cast<const UInt&>(first),
+                reinterpret_cast<const UInt&>(last),
+                [P, X](const UInt u) { return scientific_exponent_X(P, reinterpret_cast<const Floating&>(u)) <= X; });
+
+            P_X_LargestValWithX[P][X] = val_beyond_X - 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    constexpr const char* FloatingName = _IsSame<Floating, float>::value ? "float" : "double";
+
+    constexpr int MaxSpecialP = _IsSame<Floating, float>::value ? 7 : 15; // MaxSpecialP is affected by exponent adjustment
+
+    if (mode == Mode::Tables) {
+        printf("template <>\n");
+        printf("struct _General_precision_tables<%s> {\n", FloatingName);
+
+        printf("static constexpr int _Max_special_P = %d;\n", MaxSpecialP);
+
+        vector<UInt> special;
+
+        for (int P = 1; P <= MaxSpecialP; ++P) {
+            for (int X = -5; X < P; ++X) {
+                const UInt val = P_X_LargestValWithX[P][X];
+                special.push_back(val);
+            }
+        }
+
+        print_table(special, "_Special_X_table");
+
+        for (int P = MaxSpecialP + 1; P < MaxP; ++P) {
+            for (int X = -5; X < P; ++X) {
+                const UInt val = P_X_LargestValWithX[P][X];
+                assert(val == P_X_LargestValWithX[MaxP][X]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        printf("static constexpr int _Max_P = %d;\n", MaxP);
+
+        vector<UInt> ordinary;
+
+        for (int X = -5; X < MaxP; ++X) {
+            const UInt val = P_X_LargestValWithX[MaxP][X];
+            ordinary.push_back(val);
+        }
+
+        print_table(ordinary, "_Ordinary_X_table");
+
+        printf("};\n");
+    } else {
+        printf("==========\n");
+        printf("Test cases for %s:\n", FloatingName);
+
+        constexpr int Hexits         = _IsSame<Floating, float>::value ? 6 : 13;
+        constexpr const char* Suffix = _IsSame<Floating, float>::value ? "f" : "";
+
+        for (int P = 1; P <= MaxP; ++P) {
+            for (int X = -5; X < P; ++X) {
+                if (P <= MaxSpecialP || P == 25 || P == MaxP || X == P - 1) {
+                    const UInt val1   = P_X_LargestValWithX[P][X];
+                    const Floating f1 = reinterpret_cast<const Floating&>(val1);
+                    const UInt val2   = val1 + 1;
+                    const Floating f2 = reinterpret_cast<const Floating&>(val2);
+
+                    printf("{%.*a%s, chars_format::general, %d, \"%.*g\"},\n", Hexits, f1, Suffix, P, P, f1);
+                    if (isfinite(f2)) {
+                        printf("{%.*a%s, chars_format::general, %d, \"%.*g\"},\n", Hexits, f2, Suffix, P, P, f2);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+int main() {
+    printf("template <class _Floating>\n");
+    printf("struct _General_precision_tables;\n");
+    generate_tables<float>(Mode::Tables);
+    generate_tables<double>(Mode::Tables);
+    generate_tables<float>(Mode::Tests);
+    generate_tables<double>(Mode::Tests);
+}
+#endif // 0
+
+template <class _Floating>
+struct _General_precision_tables;
+
+template <>
+struct _General_precision_tables<float> {
+    static constexpr int _Max_special_P = 7;
+
+    static constexpr uint32_t _Special_X_table[63] = {0x38C73ABCu, 0x3A79096Bu, 0x3C1BA5E3u, 0x3DC28F5Cu, 0x3F733333u,
+        0x4117FFFFu, 0x38D0AAA7u, 0x3A826AA8u, 0x3C230553u, 0x3DCBC6A7u, 0x3F7EB851u, 0x411F3333u, 0x42C6FFFFu,
+        0x38D19C3Fu, 0x3A8301A7u, 0x3C23C211u, 0x3DCCB295u, 0x3F7FDF3Bu, 0x411FEB85u, 0x42C7E666u, 0x4479DFFFu,
+        0x38D1B468u, 0x3A8310C1u, 0x3C23D4F1u, 0x3DCCCA2Du, 0x3F7FFCB9u, 0x411FFDF3u, 0x42C7FD70u, 0x4479FCCCu,
+        0x461C3DFFu, 0x38D1B6D2u, 0x3A831243u, 0x3C23D6D4u, 0x3DCCCC89u, 0x3F7FFFACu, 0x411FFFCBu, 0x42C7FFBEu,
+        0x4479FFAEu, 0x461C3FCCu, 0x47C34FBFu, 0x38D1B710u, 0x3A83126Au, 0x3C23D704u, 0x3DCCCCC6u, 0x3F7FFFF7u,
+        0x411FFFFAu, 0x42C7FFF9u, 0x4479FFF7u, 0x461C3FFAu, 0x47C34FF9u, 0x497423F7u, 0x38D1B716u, 0x3A83126Eu,
+        0x3C23D709u, 0x3DCCCCCCu, 0x3F7FFFFFu, 0x411FFFFFu, 0x42C7FFFFu, 0x4479FFFFu, 0x461C3FFFu, 0x47C34FFFu,
+        0x497423FFu, 0x4B18967Fu};
+
+    static constexpr int _Max_P = 39;
+
+    static constexpr uint32_t _Ordinary_X_table[44] = {0x38D1B717u, 0x3A83126Eu, 0x3C23D70Au, 0x3DCCCCCCu, 0x3F7FFFFFu,
+        0x411FFFFFu, 0x42C7FFFFu, 0x4479FFFFu, 0x461C3FFFu, 0x47C34FFFu, 0x497423FFu, 0x4B18967Fu, 0x4CBEBC1Fu,
+        0x4E6E6B27u, 0x501502F8u, 0x51BA43B7u, 0x5368D4A5u, 0x551184E7u, 0x56B5E620u, 0x58635FA9u, 0x5A0E1BC9u,
+        0x5BB1A2BCu, 0x5D5E0B6Bu, 0x5F0AC723u, 0x60AD78EBu, 0x6258D726u, 0x64078678u, 0x65A96816u, 0x6753C21Bu,
+        0x69045951u, 0x6AA56FA5u, 0x6C4ECB8Fu, 0x6E013F39u, 0x6FA18F07u, 0x7149F2C9u, 0x72FC6F7Cu, 0x749DC5ADu,
+        0x76453719u, 0x77F684DFu, 0x799A130Bu, 0x7B4097CEu, 0x7CF0BDC2u, 0x7E967699u, 0x7F7FFFFFu};
+};
+
+template <>
+struct _General_precision_tables<double> {
+    static constexpr int _Max_special_P = 15;
+
+    static constexpr uint64_t _Special_X_table[195] = {0x3F18E757928E0C9Du, 0x3F4F212D77318FC5u, 0x3F8374BC6A7EF9DBu,
+        0x3FB851EB851EB851u, 0x3FEE666666666666u, 0x4022FFFFFFFFFFFFu, 0x3F1A1554FBDAD751u, 0x3F504D551D68C692u,
+        0x3F8460AA64C2F837u, 0x3FB978D4FDF3B645u, 0x3FEFD70A3D70A3D7u, 0x4023E66666666666u, 0x4058DFFFFFFFFFFFu,
+        0x3F1A3387ECC8EB96u, 0x3F506034F3FD933Eu, 0x3F84784230FCF80Du, 0x3FB99652BD3C3611u, 0x3FEFFBE76C8B4395u,
+        0x4023FD70A3D70A3Du, 0x4058FCCCCCCCCCCCu, 0x408F3BFFFFFFFFFFu, 0x3F1A368D04E0BA6Au, 0x3F506218230C7482u,
+        0x3F847A9E2BCF91A3u, 0x3FB99945B6C3760Bu, 0x3FEFFF972474538Eu, 0x4023FFBE76C8B439u, 0x4058FFAE147AE147u,
+        0x408F3F9999999999u, 0x40C387BFFFFFFFFFu, 0x3F1A36DA54164F19u, 0x3F506248748DF16Fu, 0x3F847ADA91B16DCBu,
+        0x3FB99991361DC93Eu, 0x3FEFFFF583A53B8Eu, 0x4023FFF972474538u, 0x4058FFF7CED91687u, 0x408F3FF5C28F5C28u,
+        0x40C387F999999999u, 0x40F869F7FFFFFFFFu, 0x3F1A36E20F35445Du, 0x3F50624D49814ABAu, 0x3F847AE09BE19D69u,
+        0x3FB99998C2DA04C3u, 0x3FEFFFFEF39085F4u, 0x4023FFFF583A53B8u, 0x4058FFFF2E48E8A7u, 0x408F3FFEF9DB22D0u,
+        0x40C387FF5C28F5C2u, 0x40F869FF33333333u, 0x412E847EFFFFFFFFu, 0x3F1A36E2D51EC34Bu, 0x3F50624DC5333A0Eu,
+        0x3F847AE136800892u, 0x3FB9999984200AB7u, 0x3FEFFFFFE5280D65u, 0x4023FFFFEF39085Fu, 0x4058FFFFEB074A77u,
+        0x408F3FFFE5C91D14u, 0x40C387FFEF9DB22Du, 0x40F869FFEB851EB8u, 0x412E847FE6666666u, 0x416312CFEFFFFFFFu,
+        0x3F1A36E2E8E94FFCu, 0x3F50624DD191D1FDu, 0x3F847AE145F6467Du, 0x3FB999999773D81Cu, 0x3FEFFFFFFD50CE23u,
+        0x4023FFFFFE5280D6u, 0x4058FFFFFDE7210Bu, 0x408F3FFFFD60E94Eu, 0x40C387FFFE5C91D1u, 0x40F869FFFDF3B645u,
+        0x412E847FFD70A3D7u, 0x416312CFFE666666u, 0x4197D783FDFFFFFFu, 0x3F1A36E2EAE3F7A7u, 0x3F50624DD2CE7AC8u,
+        0x3F847AE14782197Bu, 0x3FB9999999629FD9u, 0x3FEFFFFFFFBB47D0u, 0x4023FFFFFFD50CE2u, 0x4058FFFFFFCA501Au,
+        0x408F3FFFFFBCE421u, 0x40C387FFFFD60E94u, 0x40F869FFFFCB923Au, 0x412E847FFFBE76C8u, 0x416312CFFFD70A3Du,
+        0x4197D783FFCCCCCCu, 0x41CDCD64FFBFFFFFu, 0x3F1A36E2EB16A205u, 0x3F50624DD2EE2543u, 0x3F847AE147A9AE94u,
+        0x3FB9999999941A39u, 0x3FEFFFFFFFF920C8u, 0x4023FFFFFFFBB47Du, 0x4058FFFFFFFAA19Cu, 0x408F3FFFFFF94A03u,
+        0x40C387FFFFFBCE42u, 0x40F869FFFFFAC1D2u, 0x412E847FFFF97247u, 0x416312CFFFFBE76Cu, 0x4197D783FFFAE147u,
+        0x41CDCD64FFF99999u, 0x4202A05F1FFBFFFFu, 0x3F1A36E2EB1BB30Fu, 0x3F50624DD2F14FE9u, 0x3F847AE147ADA3E3u,
+        0x3FB9999999990CDCu, 0x3FEFFFFFFFFF5014u, 0x4023FFFFFFFF920Cu, 0x4058FFFFFFFF768Fu, 0x408F3FFFFFFF5433u,
+        0x40C387FFFFFF94A0u, 0x40F869FFFFFF79C8u, 0x412E847FFFFF583Au, 0x416312CFFFFF9724u, 0x4197D783FFFF7CEDu,
+        0x41CDCD64FFFF5C28u, 0x4202A05F1FFF9999u, 0x42374876E7FF7FFFu, 0x3F1A36E2EB1C34C3u, 0x3F50624DD2F1A0FAu,
+        0x3F847AE147AE0938u, 0x3FB9999999998B86u, 0x3FEFFFFFFFFFEE68u, 0x4023FFFFFFFFF501u, 0x4058FFFFFFFFF241u,
+        0x408F3FFFFFFFEED1u, 0x40C387FFFFFFF543u, 0x40F869FFFFFFF294u, 0x412E847FFFFFEF39u, 0x416312CFFFFFF583u,
+        0x4197D783FFFFF2E4u, 0x41CDCD64FFFFEF9Du, 0x4202A05F1FFFF5C2u, 0x42374876E7FFF333u, 0x426D1A94A1FFEFFFu,
+        0x3F1A36E2EB1C41BBu, 0x3F50624DD2F1A915u, 0x3F847AE147AE135Au, 0x3FB9999999999831u, 0x3FEFFFFFFFFFFE3Du,
+        0x4023FFFFFFFFFEE6u, 0x4058FFFFFFFFFEA0u, 0x408F3FFFFFFFFE48u, 0x40C387FFFFFFFEEDu, 0x40F869FFFFFFFEA8u,
+        0x412E847FFFFFFE52u, 0x416312CFFFFFFEF3u, 0x4197D783FFFFFEB0u, 0x41CDCD64FFFFFE5Cu, 0x4202A05F1FFFFEF9u,
+        0x42374876E7FFFEB8u, 0x426D1A94A1FFFE66u, 0x42A2309CE53FFEFFu, 0x3F1A36E2EB1C4307u, 0x3F50624DD2F1A9E4u,
+        0x3F847AE147AE145Eu, 0x3FB9999999999975u, 0x3FEFFFFFFFFFFFD2u, 0x4023FFFFFFFFFFE3u, 0x4058FFFFFFFFFFDCu,
+        0x408F3FFFFFFFFFD4u, 0x40C387FFFFFFFFE4u, 0x40F869FFFFFFFFDDu, 0x412E847FFFFFFFD5u, 0x416312CFFFFFFFE5u,
+        0x4197D783FFFFFFDEu, 0x41CDCD64FFFFFFD6u, 0x4202A05F1FFFFFE5u, 0x42374876E7FFFFDFu, 0x426D1A94A1FFFFD7u,
+        0x42A2309CE53FFFE6u, 0x42D6BCC41E8FFFDFu, 0x3F1A36E2EB1C4328u, 0x3F50624DD2F1A9F9u, 0x3F847AE147AE1477u,
+        0x3FB9999999999995u, 0x3FEFFFFFFFFFFFFBu, 0x4023FFFFFFFFFFFDu, 0x4058FFFFFFFFFFFCu, 0x408F3FFFFFFFFFFBu,
+        0x40C387FFFFFFFFFDu, 0x40F869FFFFFFFFFCu, 0x412E847FFFFFFFFBu, 0x416312CFFFFFFFFDu, 0x4197D783FFFFFFFCu,
+        0x41CDCD64FFFFFFFBu, 0x4202A05F1FFFFFFDu, 0x42374876E7FFFFFCu, 0x426D1A94A1FFFFFBu, 0x42A2309CE53FFFFDu,
+        0x42D6BCC41E8FFFFCu, 0x430C6BF52633FFFBu};
+
+    static constexpr int _Max_P = 309;
+
+    static constexpr uint64_t _Ordinary_X_table[314] = {0x3F1A36E2EB1C432Cu, 0x3F50624DD2F1A9FBu, 0x3F847AE147AE147Au,
+        0x3FB9999999999999u, 0x3FEFFFFFFFFFFFFFu, 0x4023FFFFFFFFFFFFu, 0x4058FFFFFFFFFFFFu, 0x408F3FFFFFFFFFFFu,
+        0x40C387FFFFFFFFFFu, 0x40F869FFFFFFFFFFu, 0x412E847FFFFFFFFFu, 0x416312CFFFFFFFFFu, 0x4197D783FFFFFFFFu,
+        0x41CDCD64FFFFFFFFu, 0x4202A05F1FFFFFFFu, 0x42374876E7FFFFFFu, 0x426D1A94A1FFFFFFu, 0x42A2309CE53FFFFFu,
+        0x42D6BCC41E8FFFFFu, 0x430C6BF52633FFFFu, 0x4341C37937E07FFFu, 0x4376345785D89FFFu, 0x43ABC16D674EC7FFu,
+        0x43E158E460913CFFu, 0x4415AF1D78B58C3Fu, 0x444B1AE4D6E2EF4Fu, 0x4480F0CF064DD591u, 0x44B52D02C7E14AF6u,
+        0x44EA784379D99DB4u, 0x45208B2A2C280290u, 0x4554ADF4B7320334u, 0x4589D971E4FE8401u, 0x45C027E72F1F1281u,
+        0x45F431E0FAE6D721u, 0x46293E5939A08CE9u, 0x465F8DEF8808B024u, 0x4693B8B5B5056E16u, 0x46C8A6E32246C99Cu,
+        0x46FED09BEAD87C03u, 0x4733426172C74D82u, 0x476812F9CF7920E2u, 0x479E17B84357691Bu, 0x47D2CED32A16A1B1u,
+        0x48078287F49C4A1Du, 0x483D6329F1C35CA4u, 0x48725DFA371A19E6u, 0x48A6F578C4E0A060u, 0x48DCB2D6F618C878u,
+        0x4911EFC659CF7D4Bu, 0x49466BB7F0435C9Eu, 0x497C06A5EC5433C6u, 0x49B18427B3B4A05Bu, 0x49E5E531A0A1C872u,
+        0x4A1B5E7E08CA3A8Fu, 0x4A511B0EC57E6499u, 0x4A8561D276DDFDC0u, 0x4ABABA4714957D30u, 0x4AF0B46C6CDD6E3Eu,
+        0x4B24E1878814C9CDu, 0x4B5A19E96A19FC40u, 0x4B905031E2503DA8u, 0x4BC4643E5AE44D12u, 0x4BF97D4DF19D6057u,
+        0x4C2FDCA16E04B86Du, 0x4C63E9E4E4C2F344u, 0x4C98E45E1DF3B015u, 0x4CCF1D75A5709C1Au, 0x4D03726987666190u,
+        0x4D384F03E93FF9F4u, 0x4D6E62C4E38FF872u, 0x4DA2FDBB0E39FB47u, 0x4DD7BD29D1C87A19u, 0x4E0DAC74463A989Fu,
+        0x4E428BC8ABE49F63u, 0x4E772EBAD6DDC73Cu, 0x4EACFA698C95390Bu, 0x4EE21C81F7DD43A7u, 0x4F16A3A275D49491u,
+        0x4F4C4C8B1349B9B5u, 0x4F81AFD6EC0E1411u, 0x4FB61BCCA7119915u, 0x4FEBA2BFD0D5FF5Bu, 0x502145B7E285BF98u,
+        0x50559725DB272F7Fu, 0x508AFCEF51F0FB5Eu, 0x50C0DE1593369D1Bu, 0x50F5159AF8044462u, 0x512A5B01B605557Au,
+        0x516078E111C3556Cu, 0x5194971956342AC7u, 0x51C9BCDFABC13579u, 0x5200160BCB58C16Cu, 0x52341B8EBE2EF1C7u,
+        0x526922726DBAAE39u, 0x529F6B0F092959C7u, 0x52D3A2E965B9D81Cu, 0x53088BA3BF284E23u, 0x533EAE8CAEF261ACu,
+        0x53732D17ED577D0Bu, 0x53A7F85DE8AD5C4Eu, 0x53DDF67562D8B362u, 0x5412BA095DC7701Du, 0x5447688BB5394C25u,
+        0x547D42AEA2879F2Eu, 0x54B249AD2594C37Cu, 0x54E6DC186EF9F45Cu, 0x551C931E8AB87173u, 0x5551DBF316B346E7u,
+        0x558652EFDC6018A1u, 0x55BBE7ABD3781ECAu, 0x55F170CB642B133Eu, 0x5625CCFE3D35D80Eu, 0x565B403DCC834E11u,
+        0x569108269FD210CBu, 0x56C54A3047C694FDu, 0x56FA9CBC59B83A3Du, 0x5730A1F5B8132466u, 0x5764CA732617ED7Fu,
+        0x5799FD0FEF9DE8DFu, 0x57D03E29F5C2B18Bu, 0x58044DB473335DEEu, 0x583961219000356Au, 0x586FB969F40042C5u,
+        0x58A3D3E2388029BBu, 0x58D8C8DAC6A0342Au, 0x590EFB1178484134u, 0x59435CEAEB2D28C0u, 0x59783425A5F872F1u,
+        0x59AE412F0F768FADu, 0x59E2E8BD69AA19CCu, 0x5A17A2ECC414A03Fu, 0x5A4D8BA7F519C84Fu, 0x5A827748F9301D31u,
+        0x5AB7151B377C247Eu, 0x5AECDA62055B2D9Du, 0x5B22087D4358FC82u, 0x5B568A9C942F3BA3u, 0x5B8C2D43B93B0A8Bu,
+        0x5BC19C4A53C4E697u, 0x5BF6035CE8B6203Du, 0x5C2B843422E3A84Cu, 0x5C6132A095CE492Fu, 0x5C957F48BB41DB7Bu,
+        0x5CCADF1AEA12525Au, 0x5D00CB70D24B7378u, 0x5D34FE4D06DE5056u, 0x5D6A3DE04895E46Cu, 0x5DA066AC2D5DAEC3u,
+        0x5DD4805738B51A74u, 0x5E09A06D06E26112u, 0x5E400444244D7CABu, 0x5E7405552D60DBD6u, 0x5EA906AA78B912CBu,
+        0x5EDF485516E7577Eu, 0x5F138D352E5096AFu, 0x5F48708279E4BC5Au, 0x5F7E8CA3185DEB71u, 0x5FB317E5EF3AB327u,
+        0x5FE7DDDF6B095FF0u, 0x601DD55745CBB7ECu, 0x6052A5568B9F52F4u, 0x60874EAC2E8727B1u, 0x60BD22573A28F19Du,
+        0x60F2357684599702u, 0x6126C2D4256FFCC2u, 0x615C73892ECBFBF3u, 0x6191C835BD3F7D78u, 0x61C63A432C8F5CD6u,
+        0x61FBC8D3F7B3340Bu, 0x62315D847AD00087u, 0x6265B4E5998400A9u, 0x629B221EFFE500D3u, 0x62D0F5535FEF2084u,
+        0x630532A837EAE8A5u, 0x633A7F5245E5A2CEu, 0x63708F936BAF85C1u, 0x63A4B378469B6731u, 0x63D9E056584240FDu,
+        0x64102C35F729689Eu, 0x6444374374F3C2C6u, 0x647945145230B377u, 0x64AF965966BCE055u, 0x64E3BDF7E0360C35u,
+        0x6518AD75D8438F43u, 0x654ED8D34E547313u, 0x6583478410F4C7ECu, 0x65B819651531F9E7u, 0x65EE1FBE5A7E7861u,
+        0x6622D3D6F88F0B3Cu, 0x665788CCB6B2CE0Cu, 0x668D6AFFE45F818Fu, 0x66C262DFEEBBB0F9u, 0x66F6FB97EA6A9D37u,
+        0x672CBA7DE5054485u, 0x6761F48EAF234AD3u, 0x679671B25AEC1D88u, 0x67CC0E1EF1A724EAu, 0x680188D357087712u,
+        0x6835EB082CCA94D7u, 0x686B65CA37FD3A0Du, 0x68A11F9E62FE4448u, 0x68D56785FBBDD55Au, 0x690AC1677AAD4AB0u,
+        0x6940B8E0ACAC4EAEu, 0x6974E718D7D7625Au, 0x69AA20DF0DCD3AF0u, 0x69E0548B68A044D6u, 0x6A1469AE42C8560Cu,
+        0x6A498419D37A6B8Fu, 0x6A7FE52048590672u, 0x6AB3EF342D37A407u, 0x6AE8EB0138858D09u, 0x6B1F25C186A6F04Cu,
+        0x6B537798F428562Fu, 0x6B88557F31326BBBu, 0x6BBE6ADEFD7F06AAu, 0x6BF302CB5E6F642Au, 0x6C27C37E360B3D35u,
+        0x6C5DB45DC38E0C82u, 0x6C9290BA9A38C7D1u, 0x6CC734E940C6F9C5u, 0x6CFD022390F8B837u, 0x6D3221563A9B7322u,
+        0x6D66A9ABC9424FEBu, 0x6D9C5416BB92E3E6u, 0x6DD1B48E353BCE6Fu, 0x6E0621B1C28AC20Bu, 0x6E3BAA1E332D728Eu,
+        0x6E714A52DFFC6799u, 0x6EA59CE797FB817Fu, 0x6EDB04217DFA61DFu, 0x6F10E294EEBC7D2Bu, 0x6F451B3A2A6B9C76u,
+        0x6F7A6208B5068394u, 0x6FB07D457124123Cu, 0x6FE49C96CD6D16CBu, 0x7019C3BC80C85C7Eu, 0x70501A55D07D39CFu,
+        0x708420EB449C8842u, 0x70B9292615C3AA53u, 0x70EF736F9B3494E8u, 0x7123A825C100DD11u, 0x7158922F31411455u,
+        0x718EB6BAFD91596Bu, 0x71C33234DE7AD7E2u, 0x71F7FEC216198DDBu, 0x722DFE729B9FF152u, 0x7262BF07A143F6D3u,
+        0x72976EC98994F488u, 0x72CD4A7BEBFA31AAu, 0x73024E8D737C5F0Au, 0x7336E230D05B76CDu, 0x736C9ABD04725480u,
+        0x73A1E0B622C774D0u, 0x73D658E3AB795204u, 0x740BEF1C9657A685u, 0x74417571DDF6C813u, 0x7475D2CE55747A18u,
+        0x74AB4781EAD1989Eu, 0x74E10CB132C2FF63u, 0x75154FDD7F73BF3Bu, 0x754AA3D4DF50AF0Au, 0x7580A6650B926D66u,
+        0x75B4CFFE4E7708C0u, 0x75EA03FDE214CAF0u, 0x7620427EAD4CFED6u, 0x7654531E58A03E8Bu, 0x768967E5EEC84E2Eu,
+        0x76BFC1DF6A7A61BAu, 0x76F3D92BA28C7D14u, 0x7728CF768B2F9C59u, 0x775F03542DFB8370u, 0x779362149CBD3226u,
+        0x77C83A99C3EC7EAFu, 0x77FE494034E79E5Bu, 0x7832EDC82110C2F9u, 0x7867A93A2954F3B7u, 0x789D9388B3AA30A5u,
+        0x78D27C35704A5E67u, 0x79071B42CC5CF601u, 0x793CE2137F743381u, 0x79720D4C2FA8A030u, 0x79A6909F3B92C83Du,
+        0x79DC34C70A777A4Cu, 0x7A11A0FC668AAC6Fu, 0x7A46093B802D578Bu, 0x7A7B8B8A6038AD6Eu, 0x7AB137367C236C65u,
+        0x7AE585041B2C477Eu, 0x7B1AE64521F7595Eu, 0x7B50CFEB353A97DAu, 0x7B8503E602893DD1u, 0x7BBA44DF832B8D45u,
+        0x7BF06B0BB1FB384Bu, 0x7C2485CE9E7A065Eu, 0x7C59A742461887F6u, 0x7C9008896BCF54F9u, 0x7CC40AABC6C32A38u,
+        0x7CF90D56B873F4C6u, 0x7D2F50AC6690F1F8u, 0x7D63926BC01A973Bu, 0x7D987706B0213D09u, 0x7DCE94C85C298C4Cu,
+        0x7E031CFD3999F7AFu, 0x7E37E43C8800759Bu, 0x7E6DDD4BAA009302u, 0x7EA2AA4F4A405BE1u, 0x7ED754E31CD072D9u,
+        0x7F0D2A1BE4048F90u, 0x7F423A516E82D9BAu, 0x7F76C8E5CA239028u, 0x7FAC7B1F3CAC7433u, 0x7FE1CCF385EBC89Fu,
+        0x7FEFFFFFFFFFFFFFu};
+};
+
+template <class _Floating>
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI
+to_chars_result _Floating_to_chars_general_precision(
+    char* _First, char* const _Last, const _Floating _Value, int _Precision) noexcept {
+
+    using _Traits    = _Floating_type_traits<_Floating>;
+    using _Uint_type = typename _Traits::_Uint_type;
+
+    const _Uint_type _Uint_value = _VSTD::bit_cast<_Uint_type>(_Value);
+
+    if (_Uint_value == 0) { // zero detected; write "0" and return; _Precision is irrelevant due to zero-trimming
+        if (_First == _Last) {
+            return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+        }
+
+        *_First++ = '0';
+
+        return {_First, errc{}};
+    }
+
+    // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/5:
+    // "A negative precision argument is taken as if the precision were omitted."
+    // /8: "g,G [...] Let P equal the precision if nonzero, 6 if the precision is omitted,
+    // or 1 if the precision is zero."
+
+    // Performance note: It's possible to rewrite this for branchless codegen,
+    // but profiling will be necessary to determine whether that's faster.
+    if (_Precision < 0) {
+        _Precision = 6;
+    } else if (_Precision == 0) {
+        _Precision = 1;
+    } else if (_Precision < 1'000'000) {
+        // _Precision is ok.
+    } else {
+        // Avoid integer overflow.
+        // Due to general notation's zero-trimming behavior, we can simply clamp _Precision.
+        // This is further clamped below.
+        _Precision = 1'000'000;
+    }
+
+    // _Precision is now the Standard's P.
+
+    // /8: "Then, if a conversion with style E would have an exponent of X:
+    // - if P > X >= -4, the conversion is with style f (or F) and precision P - (X + 1).
+    // - otherwise, the conversion is with style e (or E) and precision P - 1."
+
+    // /8: "Finally, [...] any trailing zeros are removed from the fractional portion of the result
+    // and the decimal-point character is removed if there is no fractional portion remaining."
+
+    using _Tables = _General_precision_tables<_Floating>;
+
+    const _Uint_type* _Table_begin;
+    const _Uint_type* _Table_end;
+
+    if (_Precision <= _Tables::_Max_special_P) {
+        _Table_begin = _Tables::_Special_X_table + (_Precision - 1) * (_Precision + 10) / 2;
+        _Table_end   = _Table_begin + _Precision + 5;
+    } else {
+        _Table_begin = _Tables::_Ordinary_X_table;
+        _Table_end   = _Table_begin + _VSTD::min(_Precision, _Tables::_Max_P) + 5;
+    }
+
+    // Profiling indicates that linear search is faster than binary search for small tables.
+    // Performance note: lambda captures may have a small performance cost.
+    const _Uint_type* const _Table_lower_bound = [=] {
+        if constexpr (!_IsSame<_Floating, float>::value) {
+            if (_Precision > 155) { // threshold determined via profiling
+                return _VSTD::lower_bound(_Table_begin, _Table_end, _Uint_value, less{});
+            }
+        }
+
+        return _VSTD::find_if(_Table_begin, _Table_end, [=](const _Uint_type _Elem) { return _Uint_value <= _Elem; });
+    }();
+
+    const ptrdiff_t _Table_index     = _Table_lower_bound - _Table_begin;
+    const int _Scientific_exponent_X = static_cast<int>(_Table_index - 5);
+    const bool _Use_fixed_notation   = _Precision > _Scientific_exponent_X && _Scientific_exponent_X >= -4;
+
+    // Performance note: it might (or might not) be faster to modify Ryu Printf to perform zero-trimming.
+    // Such modifications would involve a fairly complicated state machine (notably, both '0' and '9' digits would
+    // need to be buffered, due to rounding), and that would have performance costs due to increased branching.
+    // Here, we're using a simpler approach: writing into a local buffer, manually zero-trimming, and then copying into
+    // the output range. The necessary buffer size is reasonably small, the zero-trimming logic is simple and fast,
+    // and the final copying is also fast.
+
+    constexpr int _Max_output_length =
+        _IsSame<_Floating, float>::value ? 117 : 773; // cases: 0x1.fffffep-126f and 0x1.fffffffffffffp-1022
+    constexpr int _Max_fixed_precision =
+        _IsSame<_Floating, float>::value ? 37 : 66; // cases: 0x1.fffffep-14f and 0x1.fffffffffffffp-14
+    constexpr int _Max_scientific_precision =
+        _IsSame<_Floating, float>::value ? 111 : 766; // cases: 0x1.fffffep-126f and 0x1.fffffffffffffp-1022
+
+    // Note that _Max_output_length is determined by scientific notation and is more than enough for fixed notation.
+    // 0x1.fffffep+127f is 39 digits, plus 1 for '.', plus _Max_fixed_precision for '0' digits, equals 77.
+    // 0x1.fffffffffffffp+1023 is 309 digits, plus 1 for '.', plus _Max_fixed_precision for '0' digits, equals 376.
+
+    char _Buffer[_Max_output_length];
+    const char* const _Significand_first = _Buffer; // e.g. "1.234"
+    const char* _Significand_last        = nullptr;
+    const char* _Exponent_first          = nullptr; // e.g. "e-05"
+    const char* _Exponent_last           = nullptr;
+    int _Effective_precision; // number of digits printed after the decimal point, before trimming
+
+    // Write into the local buffer.
+    // Clamping _Effective_precision allows _Buffer to be as small as possible, and increases efficiency.
+    if (_Use_fixed_notation) {
+        _Effective_precision = _VSTD::min(_Precision - (_Scientific_exponent_X + 1), _Max_fixed_precision);
+        const to_chars_result _Buf_result =
+            _Floating_to_chars_fixed_precision(_Buffer, _VSTD::end(_Buffer), _Value, _Effective_precision);
+        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Buf_result.ec == errc{}, "");
+        _Significand_last = _Buf_result.ptr;
+    } else {
+        _Effective_precision = _VSTD::min(_Precision - 1, _Max_scientific_precision);
+        const to_chars_result _Buf_result =
+            _Floating_to_chars_scientific_precision(_Buffer, _VSTD::end(_Buffer), _Value, _Effective_precision);
+        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Buf_result.ec == errc{}, "");
+        _Significand_last = _VSTD::find(_Buffer, _Buf_result.ptr, 'e');
+        _Exponent_first   = _Significand_last;
+        _Exponent_last    = _Buf_result.ptr;
+    }
+
+    // If we printed a decimal point followed by digits, perform zero-trimming.
+    if (_Effective_precision > 0) {
+        while (_Significand_last[-1] == '0') { // will stop at '.' or a nonzero digit
+            --_Significand_last;
+        }
+
+        if (_Significand_last[-1] == '.') {
+            --_Significand_last;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Copy the significand to the output range.
+    const ptrdiff_t _Significand_distance = _Significand_last - _Significand_first;
+    if (_Last - _First < _Significand_distance) {
+        return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+    }
+    _VSTD::memcpy(_First, _Significand_first, static_cast<size_t>(_Significand_distance));
+    _First += _Significand_distance;
+
+    // Copy the exponent to the output range.
+    if (!_Use_fixed_notation) {
+        const ptrdiff_t _Exponent_distance = _Exponent_last - _Exponent_first;
+        if (_Last - _First < _Exponent_distance) {
+            return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+        }
+        _VSTD::memcpy(_First, _Exponent_first, static_cast<size_t>(_Exponent_distance));
+        _First += _Exponent_distance;
+    }
+
+    return {_First, errc{}};
+}
+
+enum class _Floating_to_chars_overload { _Plain, _Format_only, _Format_precision };
+
+template <_Floating_to_chars_overload _Overload, class _Floating>
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI
+to_chars_result _Floating_to_chars(
+    char* _First, char* const _Last, _Floating _Value, const chars_format _Fmt, const int _Precision) noexcept {
+
+    if constexpr (_Overload == _Floating_to_chars_overload::_Plain) {
+        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Fmt == chars_format{}, ""); // plain overload must pass chars_format{} internally
+    } else {
+        _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Fmt == chars_format::general || _Fmt == chars_format::scientific || _Fmt == chars_format::fixed
+                         || _Fmt == chars_format::hex,
+            "invalid format in to_chars()");
+    }
+
+    using _Traits    = _Floating_type_traits<_Floating>;
+    using _Uint_type = typename _Traits::_Uint_type;
+
+    _Uint_type _Uint_value = _VSTD::bit_cast<_Uint_type>(_Value);
+
+    const bool _Was_negative = (_Uint_value & _Traits::_Shifted_sign_mask) != 0;
+
+    if (_Was_negative) { // sign bit detected; write minus sign and clear sign bit
+        if (_First == _Last) {
+            return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+        }
+
+        *_First++ = '-';
+
+        _Uint_value &= ~_Traits::_Shifted_sign_mask;
+        _Value = _VSTD::bit_cast<_Floating>(_Uint_value);
+    }
+
+    if ((_Uint_value & _Traits::_Shifted_exponent_mask) == _Traits::_Shifted_exponent_mask) {
+        // inf/nan detected; write appropriate string and return
+        const char* _Str;
+        size_t _Len;
+
+        const _Uint_type _Mantissa = _Uint_value & _Traits::_Denormal_mantissa_mask;
+
+        if (_Mantissa == 0) {
+            _Str = "inf";
+            _Len = 3;
+        } else if (_Was_negative && _Mantissa == _Traits::_Special_nan_mantissa_mask) {
+            // When a NaN value has the sign bit set, the quiet bit set, and all other mantissa bits cleared,
+            // the UCRT interprets it to mean "indeterminate", and indicates this by printing "-nan(ind)".
+            _Str = "nan(ind)";
+            _Len = 8;
+        } else if ((_Mantissa & _Traits::_Special_nan_mantissa_mask) != 0) {
+            _Str = "nan";
+            _Len = 3;
+        } else {
+            _Str = "nan(snan)";
+            _Len = 9;
+        }
+
+        if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(_Len)) {
+            return {_Last, errc::value_too_large};
+        }
+
+        _VSTD::memcpy(_First, _Str, _Len);
+
+        return {_First + _Len, errc{}};
+    }
+
+    if constexpr (_Overload == _Floating_to_chars_overload::_Plain) {
+        return _Floating_to_chars_ryu(_First, _Last, _Value, chars_format{});
+    } else if constexpr (_Overload == _Floating_to_chars_overload::_Format_only) {
+        if (_Fmt == chars_format::hex) {
+            return _Floating_to_chars_hex_shortest(_First, _Last, _Value);
+        }
+
+        return _Floating_to_chars_ryu(_First, _Last, _Value, _Fmt);
+    } else if constexpr (_Overload == _Floating_to_chars_overload::_Format_precision) {
+        switch (_Fmt) {
+        case chars_format::scientific:
+            return _Floating_to_chars_scientific_precision(_First, _Last, _Value, _Precision);
+        case chars_format::fixed:
+            return _Floating_to_chars_fixed_precision(_First, _Last, _Value, _Precision);
+        case chars_format::general:
+            return _Floating_to_chars_general_precision(_First, _Last, _Value, _Precision);
+        case chars_format::hex:
+        default: // avoid MSVC warning C4715: not all control paths return a value
+            return _Floating_to_chars_hex_precision(_First, _Last, _Value, _Precision);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// clang-format on
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+#endif // _LIBCPP_SRC_INCLUDE_TO_CHARS_FLOATING_POINT_H
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/README.txt b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/README.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e3d17469d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/README.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+The code in this directory is based on Ulf Adams's work. The upstream for the
+code is:
+
+https://github.com/ulfjack/ryu/tree/59661c3/ryu
+
+The code has been adapted by Stephan T. Lavavej of Microsoft for usage in
+std::to_chars. This code has been contributed by Microsoft for inclusion in
+libc++.
+
+The code in this directory has a different coding style than other parts to
+minimize the number of changes by both upstream sources.
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/d2fixed.cpp b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/d2fixed.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..699f9158f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/d2fixed.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,669 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__config"
+#include "charconv"
+#include "cstring"
+#include "system_error"
+
+#include "include/ryu/common.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2fixed.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2fixed_full_table.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2s.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2s_intrinsics.h"
+#include "include/ryu/digit_table.h"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+inline constexpr int __POW10_ADDITIONAL_BITS = 120;
+
+#ifdef _LIBCPP_INTRINSIC128
+// Returns the low 64 bits of the high 128 bits of the 256-bit product of a and b.
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __umul256_hi128_lo64(
+  const uint64_t __aHi, const uint64_t __aLo, const uint64_t __bHi, const uint64_t __bLo) {
+  uint64_t __b00Hi;
+  const uint64_t __b00Lo = __ryu_umul128(__aLo, __bLo, &__b00Hi);
+  uint64_t __b01Hi;
+  const uint64_t __b01Lo = __ryu_umul128(__aLo, __bHi, &__b01Hi);
+  uint64_t __b10Hi;
+  const uint64_t __b10Lo = __ryu_umul128(__aHi, __bLo, &__b10Hi);
+  uint64_t __b11Hi;
+  const uint64_t __b11Lo = __ryu_umul128(__aHi, __bHi, &__b11Hi);
+  (void) __b00Lo; // unused
+  (void) __b11Hi; // unused
+  const uint64_t __temp1Lo = __b10Lo + __b00Hi;
+  const uint64_t __temp1Hi = __b10Hi + (__temp1Lo < __b10Lo);
+  const uint64_t __temp2Lo = __b01Lo + __temp1Lo;
+  const uint64_t __temp2Hi = __b01Hi + (__temp2Lo < __b01Lo);
+  return __b11Lo + __temp1Hi + __temp2Hi;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __uint128_mod1e9(const uint64_t __vHi, const uint64_t __vLo) {
+  // After multiplying, we're going to shift right by 29, then truncate to uint32_t.
+  // This means that we need only 29 + 32 = 61 bits, so we can truncate to uint64_t before shifting.
+  const uint64_t __multiplied = __umul256_hi128_lo64(__vHi, __vLo, 0x89705F4136B4A597u, 0x31680A88F8953031u);
+
+  // For uint32_t truncation, see the __mod1e9() comment in d2s_intrinsics.h.
+  const uint32_t __shifted = static_cast<uint32_t>(__multiplied >> 29);
+
+  return static_cast<uint32_t>(__vLo) - 1000000000 * __shifted;
+}
+#endif // ^^^ intrinsics available ^^^
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __mulShift_mod1e9(const uint64_t __m, const uint64_t* const __mul, const int32_t __j) {
+  uint64_t __high0;                                               // 64
+  const uint64_t __low0 = __ryu_umul128(__m, __mul[0], &__high0); // 0
+  uint64_t __high1;                                               // 128
+  const uint64_t __low1 = __ryu_umul128(__m, __mul[1], &__high1); // 64
+  uint64_t __high2;                                               // 192
+  const uint64_t __low2 = __ryu_umul128(__m, __mul[2], &__high2); // 128
+  const uint64_t __s0low = __low0;                  // 0
+  (void) __s0low; // unused
+  const uint64_t __s0high = __low1 + __high0;       // 64
+  const uint32_t __c1 = __s0high < __low1;
+  const uint64_t __s1low = __low2 + __high1 + __c1; // 128
+  const uint32_t __c2 = __s1low < __low2; // __high1 + __c1 can't overflow, so compare against __low2
+  const uint64_t __s1high = __high2 + __c2;         // 192
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__j >= 128, "");
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__j <= 180, "");
+#ifdef _LIBCPP_INTRINSIC128
+  const uint32_t __dist = static_cast<uint32_t>(__j - 128); // __dist: [0, 52]
+  const uint64_t __shiftedhigh = __s1high >> __dist;
+  const uint64_t __shiftedlow = __ryu_shiftright128(__s1low, __s1high, __dist);
+  return __uint128_mod1e9(__shiftedhigh, __shiftedlow);
+#else // ^^^ intrinsics available ^^^ / vvv intrinsics unavailable vvv
+  if (__j < 160) { // __j: [128, 160)
+    const uint64_t __r0 = __mod1e9(__s1high);
+    const uint64_t __r1 = __mod1e9((__r0 << 32) | (__s1low >> 32));
+    const uint64_t __r2 = ((__r1 << 32) | (__s1low & 0xffffffff));
+    return __mod1e9(__r2 >> (__j - 128));
+  } else { // __j: [160, 192)
+    const uint64_t __r0 = __mod1e9(__s1high);
+    const uint64_t __r1 = ((__r0 << 32) | (__s1low >> 32));
+    return __mod1e9(__r1 >> (__j - 160));
+  }
+#endif // ^^^ intrinsics unavailable ^^^
+}
+
+void __append_n_digits(const uint32_t __olength, uint32_t __digits, char* const __result) {
+  uint32_t __i = 0;
+  while (__digits >= 10000) {
+#ifdef __clang__ // TRANSITION, LLVM-38217
+    const uint32_t __c = __digits - 10000 * (__digits / 10000);
+#else
+    const uint32_t __c = __digits % 10000;
+#endif
+    __digits /= 10000;
+    const uint32_t __c0 = (__c % 100) << 1;
+    const uint32_t __c1 = (__c / 100) << 1;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c0, 2);
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 4, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c1, 2);
+    __i += 4;
+  }
+  if (__digits >= 100) {
+    const uint32_t __c = (__digits % 100) << 1;
+    __digits /= 100;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c, 2);
+    __i += 2;
+  }
+  if (__digits >= 10) {
+    const uint32_t __c = __digits << 1;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c, 2);
+  } else {
+    __result[0] = static_cast<char>('0' + __digits);
+  }
+}
+
+_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline void __append_d_digits(const uint32_t __olength, uint32_t __digits, char* const __result) {
+  uint32_t __i = 0;
+  while (__digits >= 10000) {
+#ifdef __clang__ // TRANSITION, LLVM-38217
+    const uint32_t __c = __digits - 10000 * (__digits / 10000);
+#else
+    const uint32_t __c = __digits % 10000;
+#endif
+    __digits /= 10000;
+    const uint32_t __c0 = (__c % 100) << 1;
+    const uint32_t __c1 = (__c / 100) << 1;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength + 1 - __i - 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c0, 2);
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength + 1 - __i - 4, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c1, 2);
+    __i += 4;
+  }
+  if (__digits >= 100) {
+    const uint32_t __c = (__digits % 100) << 1;
+    __digits /= 100;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength + 1 - __i - 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c, 2);
+    __i += 2;
+  }
+  if (__digits >= 10) {
+    const uint32_t __c = __digits << 1;
+    __result[2] = __DIGIT_TABLE[__c + 1];
+    __result[1] = '.';
+    __result[0] = __DIGIT_TABLE[__c];
+  } else {
+    __result[1] = '.';
+    __result[0] = static_cast<char>('0' + __digits);
+  }
+}
+
+_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline void __append_c_digits(const uint32_t __count, uint32_t __digits, char* const __result) {
+  uint32_t __i = 0;
+  for (; __i < __count - 1; __i += 2) {
+    const uint32_t __c = (__digits % 100) << 1;
+    __digits /= 100;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __count - __i - 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c, 2);
+  }
+  if (__i < __count) {
+    const char __c = static_cast<char>('0' + (__digits % 10));
+    __result[__count - __i - 1] = __c;
+  }
+}
+
+void __append_nine_digits(uint32_t __digits, char* const __result) {
+  if (__digits == 0) {
+    _VSTD::memset(__result, '0', 9);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  for (uint32_t __i = 0; __i < 5; __i += 4) {
+#ifdef __clang__ // TRANSITION, LLVM-38217
+    const uint32_t __c = __digits - 10000 * (__digits / 10000);
+#else
+    const uint32_t __c = __digits % 10000;
+#endif
+    __digits /= 10000;
+    const uint32_t __c0 = (__c % 100) << 1;
+    const uint32_t __c1 = (__c / 100) << 1;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + 7 - __i, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c0, 2);
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + 5 - __i, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c1, 2);
+  }
+  __result[0] = static_cast<char>('0' + __digits);
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __indexForExponent(const uint32_t __e) {
+  return (__e + 15) / 16;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __pow10BitsForIndex(const uint32_t __idx) {
+  return 16 * __idx + __POW10_ADDITIONAL_BITS;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __lengthForIndex(const uint32_t __idx) {
+  // +1 for ceil, +16 for mantissa, +8 to round up when dividing by 9
+  return (__log10Pow2(16 * static_cast<int32_t>(__idx)) + 1 + 16 + 8) / 9;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] to_chars_result __d2fixed_buffered_n(char* _First, char* const _Last, const double __d,
+  const uint32_t __precision) {
+  char* const _Original_first = _First;
+
+  const uint64_t __bits = __double_to_bits(__d);
+
+  // Case distinction; exit early for the easy cases.
+  if (__bits == 0) {
+    const int32_t _Total_zero_length = 1 // leading zero
+      + static_cast<int32_t>(__precision != 0) // possible decimal point
+      + static_cast<int32_t>(__precision); // zeroes after decimal point
+
+    if (_Last - _First < _Total_zero_length) {
+      return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+    }
+
+    *_First++ = '0';
+    if (__precision > 0) {
+      *_First++ = '.';
+      _VSTD::memset(_First, '0', __precision);
+      _First += __precision;
+    }
+    return { _First, errc{} };
+  }
+
+  // Decode __bits into mantissa and exponent.
+  const uint64_t __ieeeMantissa = __bits & ((1ull << __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS) - 1);
+  const uint32_t __ieeeExponent = static_cast<uint32_t>(__bits >> __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS);
+
+  int32_t __e2;
+  uint64_t __m2;
+  if (__ieeeExponent == 0) {
+    __e2 = 1 - __DOUBLE_BIAS - __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS;
+    __m2 = __ieeeMantissa;
+  } else {
+    __e2 = static_cast<int32_t>(__ieeeExponent) - __DOUBLE_BIAS - __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS;
+    __m2 = (1ull << __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS) | __ieeeMantissa;
+  }
+
+  bool __nonzero = false;
+  if (__e2 >= -52) {
+    const uint32_t __idx = __e2 < 0 ? 0 : __indexForExponent(static_cast<uint32_t>(__e2));
+    const uint32_t __p10bits = __pow10BitsForIndex(__idx);
+    const int32_t __len = static_cast<int32_t>(__lengthForIndex(__idx));
+    for (int32_t __i = __len - 1; __i >= 0; --__i) {
+      const uint32_t __j = __p10bits - __e2;
+      // Temporary: __j is usually around 128, and by shifting a bit, we push it to 128 or above, which is
+      // a slightly faster code path in __mulShift_mod1e9. Instead, we can just increase the multipliers.
+      const uint32_t __digits = __mulShift_mod1e9(__m2 << 8, __POW10_SPLIT[__POW10_OFFSET[__idx] + __i],
+        static_cast<int32_t>(__j + 8));
+      if (__nonzero) {
+        if (_Last - _First < 9) {
+          return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+        }
+        __append_nine_digits(__digits, _First);
+        _First += 9;
+      } else if (__digits != 0) {
+        const uint32_t __olength = __decimalLength9(__digits);
+        if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(__olength)) {
+          return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+        }
+        __append_n_digits(__olength, __digits, _First);
+        _First += __olength;
+        __nonzero = true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (!__nonzero) {
+    if (_First == _Last) {
+      return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+    }
+    *_First++ = '0';
+  }
+  if (__precision > 0) {
+    if (_First == _Last) {
+      return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+    }
+    *_First++ = '.';
+  }
+  if (__e2 < 0) {
+    const int32_t __idx = -__e2 / 16;
+    const uint32_t __blocks = __precision / 9 + 1;
+    // 0 = don't round up; 1 = round up unconditionally; 2 = round up if odd.
+    int __roundUp = 0;
+    uint32_t __i = 0;
+    if (__blocks <= __MIN_BLOCK_2[__idx]) {
+      __i = __blocks;
+      if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(__precision)) {
+        return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+      }
+      _VSTD::memset(_First, '0', __precision);
+      _First += __precision;
+    } else if (__i < __MIN_BLOCK_2[__idx]) {
+      __i = __MIN_BLOCK_2[__idx];
+      if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(9 * __i)) {
+        return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+      }
+      _VSTD::memset(_First, '0', 9 * __i);
+      _First += 9 * __i;
+    }
+    for (; __i < __blocks; ++__i) {
+      const int32_t __j = __ADDITIONAL_BITS_2 + (-__e2 - 16 * __idx);
+      const uint32_t __p = __POW10_OFFSET_2[__idx] + __i - __MIN_BLOCK_2[__idx];
+      if (__p >= __POW10_OFFSET_2[__idx + 1]) {
+        // If the remaining digits are all 0, then we might as well use memset.
+        // No rounding required in this case.
+        const uint32_t __fill = __precision - 9 * __i;
+        if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(__fill)) {
+          return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+        }
+        _VSTD::memset(_First, '0', __fill);
+        _First += __fill;
+        break;
+      }
+      // Temporary: __j is usually around 128, and by shifting a bit, we push it to 128 or above, which is
+      // a slightly faster code path in __mulShift_mod1e9. Instead, we can just increase the multipliers.
+      uint32_t __digits = __mulShift_mod1e9(__m2 << 8, __POW10_SPLIT_2[__p], __j + 8);
+      if (__i < __blocks - 1) {
+        if (_Last - _First < 9) {
+          return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+        }
+        __append_nine_digits(__digits, _First);
+        _First += 9;
+      } else {
+        const uint32_t __maximum = __precision - 9 * __i;
+        uint32_t __lastDigit = 0;
+        for (uint32_t __k = 0; __k < 9 - __maximum; ++__k) {
+          __lastDigit = __digits % 10;
+          __digits /= 10;
+        }
+        if (__lastDigit != 5) {
+          __roundUp = __lastDigit > 5;
+        } else {
+          // Is m * 10^(additionalDigits + 1) / 2^(-__e2) integer?
+          const int32_t __requiredTwos = -__e2 - static_cast<int32_t>(__precision) - 1;
+          const bool __trailingZeros = __requiredTwos <= 0
+            || (__requiredTwos < 60 && __multipleOfPowerOf2(__m2, static_cast<uint32_t>(__requiredTwos)));
+          __roundUp = __trailingZeros ? 2 : 1;
+        }
+        if (__maximum > 0) {
+          if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(__maximum)) {
+            return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+          }
+          __append_c_digits(__maximum, __digits, _First);
+          _First += __maximum;
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (__roundUp != 0) {
+      char* _Round = _First;
+      char* _Dot = _Last;
+      while (true) {
+        if (_Round == _Original_first) {
+          _Round[0] = '1';
+          if (_Dot != _Last) {
+            _Dot[0] = '0';
+            _Dot[1] = '.';
+          }
+          if (_First == _Last) {
+            return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+          }
+          *_First++ = '0';
+          break;
+        }
+        --_Round;
+        const char __c = _Round[0];
+        if (__c == '.') {
+          _Dot = _Round;
+        } else if (__c == '9') {
+          _Round[0] = '0';
+          __roundUp = 1;
+        } else {
+          if (__roundUp == 1 || __c % 2 != 0) {
+            _Round[0] = __c + 1;
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(__precision)) {
+      return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+    }
+    _VSTD::memset(_First, '0', __precision);
+    _First += __precision;
+  }
+  return { _First, errc{} };
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] to_chars_result __d2exp_buffered_n(char* _First, char* const _Last, const double __d,
+  uint32_t __precision) {
+  char* const _Original_first = _First;
+
+  const uint64_t __bits = __double_to_bits(__d);
+
+  // Case distinction; exit early for the easy cases.
+  if (__bits == 0) {
+    const int32_t _Total_zero_length = 1 // leading zero
+      + static_cast<int32_t>(__precision != 0) // possible decimal point
+      + static_cast<int32_t>(__precision) // zeroes after decimal point
+      + 4; // "e+00"
+    if (_Last - _First < _Total_zero_length) {
+      return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+    }
+    *_First++ = '0';
+    if (__precision > 0) {
+      *_First++ = '.';
+      _VSTD::memset(_First, '0', __precision);
+      _First += __precision;
+    }
+    _VSTD::memcpy(_First, "e+00", 4);
+    _First += 4;
+    return { _First, errc{} };
+  }
+
+  // Decode __bits into mantissa and exponent.
+  const uint64_t __ieeeMantissa = __bits & ((1ull << __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS) - 1);
+  const uint32_t __ieeeExponent = static_cast<uint32_t>(__bits >> __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS);
+
+  int32_t __e2;
+  uint64_t __m2;
+  if (__ieeeExponent == 0) {
+    __e2 = 1 - __DOUBLE_BIAS - __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS;
+    __m2 = __ieeeMantissa;
+  } else {
+    __e2 = static_cast<int32_t>(__ieeeExponent) - __DOUBLE_BIAS - __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS;
+    __m2 = (1ull << __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS) | __ieeeMantissa;
+  }
+
+  const bool __printDecimalPoint = __precision > 0;
+  ++__precision;
+  uint32_t __digits = 0;
+  uint32_t __printedDigits = 0;
+  uint32_t __availableDigits = 0;
+  int32_t __exp = 0;
+  if (__e2 >= -52) {
+    const uint32_t __idx = __e2 < 0 ? 0 : __indexForExponent(static_cast<uint32_t>(__e2));
+    const uint32_t __p10bits = __pow10BitsForIndex(__idx);
+    const int32_t __len = static_cast<int32_t>(__lengthForIndex(__idx));
+    for (int32_t __i = __len - 1; __i >= 0; --__i) {
+      const uint32_t __j = __p10bits - __e2;
+      // Temporary: __j is usually around 128, and by shifting a bit, we push it to 128 or above, which is
+      // a slightly faster code path in __mulShift_mod1e9. Instead, we can just increase the multipliers.
+      __digits = __mulShift_mod1e9(__m2 << 8, __POW10_SPLIT[__POW10_OFFSET[__idx] + __i],
+        static_cast<int32_t>(__j + 8));
+      if (__printedDigits != 0) {
+        if (__printedDigits + 9 > __precision) {
+          __availableDigits = 9;
+          break;
+        }
+        if (_Last - _First < 9) {
+          return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+        }
+        __append_nine_digits(__digits, _First);
+        _First += 9;
+        __printedDigits += 9;
+      } else if (__digits != 0) {
+        __availableDigits = __decimalLength9(__digits);
+        __exp = __i * 9 + static_cast<int32_t>(__availableDigits) - 1;
+        if (__availableDigits > __precision) {
+          break;
+        }
+        if (__printDecimalPoint) {
+          if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(__availableDigits + 1)) {
+            return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+          }
+          __append_d_digits(__availableDigits, __digits, _First);
+          _First += __availableDigits + 1; // +1 for decimal point
+        } else {
+          if (_First == _Last) {
+            return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+          }
+          *_First++ = static_cast<char>('0' + __digits);
+        }
+        __printedDigits = __availableDigits;
+        __availableDigits = 0;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (__e2 < 0 && __availableDigits == 0) {
+    const int32_t __idx = -__e2 / 16;
+    for (int32_t __i = __MIN_BLOCK_2[__idx]; __i < 200; ++__i) {
+      const int32_t __j = __ADDITIONAL_BITS_2 + (-__e2 - 16 * __idx);
+      const uint32_t __p = __POW10_OFFSET_2[__idx] + static_cast<uint32_t>(__i) - __MIN_BLOCK_2[__idx];
+      // Temporary: __j is usually around 128, and by shifting a bit, we push it to 128 or above, which is
+      // a slightly faster code path in __mulShift_mod1e9. Instead, we can just increase the multipliers.
+      __digits = (__p >= __POW10_OFFSET_2[__idx + 1]) ? 0 : __mulShift_mod1e9(__m2 << 8, __POW10_SPLIT_2[__p], __j + 8);
+      if (__printedDigits != 0) {
+        if (__printedDigits + 9 > __precision) {
+          __availableDigits = 9;
+          break;
+        }
+        if (_Last - _First < 9) {
+          return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+        }
+        __append_nine_digits(__digits, _First);
+        _First += 9;
+        __printedDigits += 9;
+      } else if (__digits != 0) {
+        __availableDigits = __decimalLength9(__digits);
+        __exp = -(__i + 1) * 9 + static_cast<int32_t>(__availableDigits) - 1;
+        if (__availableDigits > __precision) {
+          break;
+        }
+        if (__printDecimalPoint) {
+          if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(__availableDigits + 1)) {
+            return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+          }
+          __append_d_digits(__availableDigits, __digits, _First);
+          _First += __availableDigits + 1; // +1 for decimal point
+        } else {
+          if (_First == _Last) {
+            return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+          }
+          *_First++ = static_cast<char>('0' + __digits);
+        }
+        __printedDigits = __availableDigits;
+        __availableDigits = 0;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  const uint32_t __maximum = __precision - __printedDigits;
+  if (__availableDigits == 0) {
+    __digits = 0;
+  }
+  uint32_t __lastDigit = 0;
+  if (__availableDigits > __maximum) {
+    for (uint32_t __k = 0; __k < __availableDigits - __maximum; ++__k) {
+      __lastDigit = __digits % 10;
+      __digits /= 10;
+    }
+  }
+  // 0 = don't round up; 1 = round up unconditionally; 2 = round up if odd.
+  int __roundUp = 0;
+  if (__lastDigit != 5) {
+    __roundUp = __lastDigit > 5;
+  } else {
+    // Is m * 2^__e2 * 10^(__precision + 1 - __exp) integer?
+    // __precision was already increased by 1, so we don't need to write + 1 here.
+    const int32_t __rexp = static_cast<int32_t>(__precision) - __exp;
+    const int32_t __requiredTwos = -__e2 - __rexp;
+    bool __trailingZeros = __requiredTwos <= 0
+      || (__requiredTwos < 60 && __multipleOfPowerOf2(__m2, static_cast<uint32_t>(__requiredTwos)));
+    if (__rexp < 0) {
+      const int32_t __requiredFives = -__rexp;
+      __trailingZeros = __trailingZeros && __multipleOfPowerOf5(__m2, static_cast<uint32_t>(__requiredFives));
+    }
+    __roundUp = __trailingZeros ? 2 : 1;
+  }
+  if (__printedDigits != 0) {
+    if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(__maximum)) {
+      return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+    }
+    if (__digits == 0) {
+      _VSTD::memset(_First, '0', __maximum);
+    } else {
+      __append_c_digits(__maximum, __digits, _First);
+    }
+    _First += __maximum;
+  } else {
+    if (__printDecimalPoint) {
+      if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(__maximum + 1)) {
+        return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+      }
+      __append_d_digits(__maximum, __digits, _First);
+      _First += __maximum + 1; // +1 for decimal point
+    } else {
+      if (_First == _Last) {
+        return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+      }
+      *_First++ = static_cast<char>('0' + __digits);
+    }
+  }
+  if (__roundUp != 0) {
+    char* _Round = _First;
+    while (true) {
+      if (_Round == _Original_first) {
+        _Round[0] = '1';
+        ++__exp;
+        break;
+      }
+      --_Round;
+      const char __c = _Round[0];
+      if (__c == '.') {
+        // Keep going.
+      } else if (__c == '9') {
+        _Round[0] = '0';
+        __roundUp = 1;
+      } else {
+        if (__roundUp == 1 || __c % 2 != 0) {
+          _Round[0] = __c + 1;
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  char _Sign_character;
+
+  if (__exp < 0) {
+    _Sign_character = '-';
+    __exp = -__exp;
+  } else {
+    _Sign_character = '+';
+  }
+
+  const int _Exponent_part_length = __exp >= 100
+    ? 5 // "e+NNN"
+    : 4; // "e+NN"
+
+  if (_Last - _First < _Exponent_part_length) {
+    return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+  }
+
+  *_First++ = 'e';
+  *_First++ = _Sign_character;
+
+  if (__exp >= 100) {
+    const int32_t __c = __exp % 10;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(_First, __DIGIT_TABLE + 2 * (__exp / 10), 2);
+    _First[2] = static_cast<char>('0' + __c);
+    _First += 3;
+  } else {
+    _VSTD::memcpy(_First, __DIGIT_TABLE + 2 * __exp, 2);
+    _First += 2;
+  }
+
+  return { _First, errc{} };
+}
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/d2s.cpp b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/d2s.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..510b4b8aa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/d2s.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,782 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__config"
+#include "charconv"
+
+#include "include/ryu/common.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2fixed.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2s.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2s_full_table.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2s_intrinsics.h"
+#include "include/ryu/digit_table.h"
+#include "include/ryu/ryu.h"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// We need a 64x128-bit multiplication and a subsequent 128-bit shift.
+// Multiplication:
+//   The 64-bit factor is variable and passed in, the 128-bit factor comes
+//   from a lookup table. We know that the 64-bit factor only has 55
+//   significant bits (i.e., the 9 topmost bits are zeros). The 128-bit
+//   factor only has 124 significant bits (i.e., the 4 topmost bits are
+//   zeros).
+// Shift:
+//   In principle, the multiplication result requires 55 + 124 = 179 bits to
+//   represent. However, we then shift this value to the right by __j, which is
+//   at least __j >= 115, so the result is guaranteed to fit into 179 - 115 = 64
+//   bits. This means that we only need the topmost 64 significant bits of
+//   the 64x128-bit multiplication.
+//
+// There are several ways to do this:
+// 1. Best case: the compiler exposes a 128-bit type.
+//    We perform two 64x64-bit multiplications, add the higher 64 bits of the
+//    lower result to the higher result, and shift by __j - 64 bits.
+//
+//    We explicitly cast from 64-bit to 128-bit, so the compiler can tell
+//    that these are only 64-bit inputs, and can map these to the best
+//    possible sequence of assembly instructions.
+//    x64 machines happen to have matching assembly instructions for
+//    64x64-bit multiplications and 128-bit shifts.
+//
+// 2. Second best case: the compiler exposes intrinsics for the x64 assembly
+//    instructions mentioned in 1.
+//
+// 3. We only have 64x64 bit instructions that return the lower 64 bits of
+//    the result, i.e., we have to use plain C.
+//    Our inputs are less than the full width, so we have three options:
+//    a. Ignore this fact and just implement the intrinsics manually.
+//    b. Split both into 31-bit pieces, which guarantees no internal overflow,
+//       but requires extra work upfront (unless we change the lookup table).
+//    c. Split only the first factor into 31-bit pieces, which also guarantees
+//       no internal overflow, but requires extra work since the intermediate
+//       results are not perfectly aligned.
+#ifdef _LIBCPP_INTRINSIC128
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __mulShift(const uint64_t __m, const uint64_t* const __mul, const int32_t __j) {
+  // __m is maximum 55 bits
+  uint64_t __high1;                                               // 128
+  const uint64_t __low1 = __ryu_umul128(__m, __mul[1], &__high1); // 64
+  uint64_t __high0;                                               // 64
+  (void) __ryu_umul128(__m, __mul[0], &__high0);                  // 0
+  const uint64_t __sum = __high0 + __low1;
+  if (__sum < __high0) {
+    ++__high1; // overflow into __high1
+  }
+  return __ryu_shiftright128(__sum, __high1, static_cast<uint32_t>(__j - 64));
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint64_t __mulShiftAll(const uint64_t __m, const uint64_t* const __mul, const int32_t __j,
+  uint64_t* const __vp, uint64_t* const __vm, const uint32_t __mmShift) {
+  *__vp = __mulShift(4 * __m + 2, __mul, __j);
+  *__vm = __mulShift(4 * __m - 1 - __mmShift, __mul, __j);
+  return __mulShift(4 * __m, __mul, __j);
+}
+
+#else // ^^^ intrinsics available ^^^ / vvv intrinsics unavailable vvv
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE uint64_t __mulShiftAll(uint64_t __m, const uint64_t* const __mul, const int32_t __j,
+  uint64_t* const __vp, uint64_t* const __vm, const uint32_t __mmShift) { // TRANSITION, VSO-634761
+  __m <<= 1;
+  // __m is maximum 55 bits
+  uint64_t __tmp;
+  const uint64_t __lo = __ryu_umul128(__m, __mul[0], &__tmp);
+  uint64_t __hi;
+  const uint64_t __mid = __tmp + __ryu_umul128(__m, __mul[1], &__hi);
+  __hi += __mid < __tmp; // overflow into __hi
+
+  const uint64_t __lo2 = __lo + __mul[0];
+  const uint64_t __mid2 = __mid + __mul[1] + (__lo2 < __lo);
+  const uint64_t __hi2 = __hi + (__mid2 < __mid);
+  *__vp = __ryu_shiftright128(__mid2, __hi2, static_cast<uint32_t>(__j - 64 - 1));
+
+  if (__mmShift == 1) {
+    const uint64_t __lo3 = __lo - __mul[0];
+    const uint64_t __mid3 = __mid - __mul[1] - (__lo3 > __lo);
+    const uint64_t __hi3 = __hi - (__mid3 > __mid);
+    *__vm = __ryu_shiftright128(__mid3, __hi3, static_cast<uint32_t>(__j - 64 - 1));
+  } else {
+    const uint64_t __lo3 = __lo + __lo;
+    const uint64_t __mid3 = __mid + __mid + (__lo3 < __lo);
+    const uint64_t __hi3 = __hi + __hi + (__mid3 < __mid);
+    const uint64_t __lo4 = __lo3 - __mul[0];
+    const uint64_t __mid4 = __mid3 - __mul[1] - (__lo4 > __lo3);
+    const uint64_t __hi4 = __hi3 - (__mid4 > __mid3);
+    *__vm = __ryu_shiftright128(__mid4, __hi4, static_cast<uint32_t>(__j - 64));
+  }
+
+  return __ryu_shiftright128(__mid, __hi, static_cast<uint32_t>(__j - 64 - 1));
+}
+
+#endif // ^^^ intrinsics unavailable ^^^
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __decimalLength17(const uint64_t __v) {
+  // This is slightly faster than a loop.
+  // The average output length is 16.38 digits, so we check high-to-low.
+  // Function precondition: __v is not an 18, 19, or 20-digit number.
+  // (17 digits are sufficient for round-tripping.)
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__v < 100000000000000000u, "");
+  if (__v >= 10000000000000000u) { return 17; }
+  if (__v >= 1000000000000000u) { return 16; }
+  if (__v >= 100000000000000u) { return 15; }
+  if (__v >= 10000000000000u) { return 14; }
+  if (__v >= 1000000000000u) { return 13; }
+  if (__v >= 100000000000u) { return 12; }
+  if (__v >= 10000000000u) { return 11; }
+  if (__v >= 1000000000u) { return 10; }
+  if (__v >= 100000000u) { return 9; }
+  if (__v >= 10000000u) { return 8; }
+  if (__v >= 1000000u) { return 7; }
+  if (__v >= 100000u) { return 6; }
+  if (__v >= 10000u) { return 5; }
+  if (__v >= 1000u) { return 4; }
+  if (__v >= 100u) { return 3; }
+  if (__v >= 10u) { return 2; }
+  return 1;
+}
+
+// A floating decimal representing m * 10^e.
+struct __floating_decimal_64 {
+  uint64_t __mantissa;
+  int32_t __exponent;
+};
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline __floating_decimal_64 __d2d(const uint64_t __ieeeMantissa, const uint32_t __ieeeExponent) {
+  int32_t __e2;
+  uint64_t __m2;
+  if (__ieeeExponent == 0) {
+    // We subtract 2 so that the bounds computation has 2 additional bits.
+    __e2 = 1 - __DOUBLE_BIAS - __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS - 2;
+    __m2 = __ieeeMantissa;
+  } else {
+    __e2 = static_cast<int32_t>(__ieeeExponent) - __DOUBLE_BIAS - __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS - 2;
+    __m2 = (1ull << __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS) | __ieeeMantissa;
+  }
+  const bool __even = (__m2 & 1) == 0;
+  const bool __acceptBounds = __even;
+
+  // Step 2: Determine the interval of valid decimal representations.
+  const uint64_t __mv = 4 * __m2;
+  // Implicit bool -> int conversion. True is 1, false is 0.
+  const uint32_t __mmShift = __ieeeMantissa != 0 || __ieeeExponent <= 1;
+  // We would compute __mp and __mm like this:
+  // uint64_t __mp = 4 * __m2 + 2;
+  // uint64_t __mm = __mv - 1 - __mmShift;
+
+  // Step 3: Convert to a decimal power base using 128-bit arithmetic.
+  uint64_t __vr, __vp, __vm;
+  int32_t __e10;
+  bool __vmIsTrailingZeros = false;
+  bool __vrIsTrailingZeros = false;
+  if (__e2 >= 0) {
+    // I tried special-casing __q == 0, but there was no effect on performance.
+    // This expression is slightly faster than max(0, __log10Pow2(__e2) - 1).
+    const uint32_t __q = __log10Pow2(__e2) - (__e2 > 3);
+    __e10 = static_cast<int32_t>(__q);
+    const int32_t __k = __DOUBLE_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + __pow5bits(static_cast<int32_t>(__q)) - 1;
+    const int32_t __i = -__e2 + static_cast<int32_t>(__q) + __k;
+    __vr = __mulShiftAll(__m2, __DOUBLE_POW5_INV_SPLIT[__q], __i, &__vp, &__vm, __mmShift);
+    if (__q <= 21) {
+      // This should use __q <= 22, but I think 21 is also safe. Smaller values
+      // may still be safe, but it's more difficult to reason about them.
+      // Only one of __mp, __mv, and __mm can be a multiple of 5, if any.
+      const uint32_t __mvMod5 = static_cast<uint32_t>(__mv) - 5 * static_cast<uint32_t>(__div5(__mv));
+      if (__mvMod5 == 0) {
+        __vrIsTrailingZeros = __multipleOfPowerOf5(__mv, __q);
+      } else if (__acceptBounds) {
+        // Same as min(__e2 + (~__mm & 1), __pow5Factor(__mm)) >= __q
+        // <=> __e2 + (~__mm & 1) >= __q && __pow5Factor(__mm) >= __q
+        // <=> true && __pow5Factor(__mm) >= __q, since __e2 >= __q.
+        __vmIsTrailingZeros = __multipleOfPowerOf5(__mv - 1 - __mmShift, __q);
+      } else {
+        // Same as min(__e2 + 1, __pow5Factor(__mp)) >= __q.
+        __vp -= __multipleOfPowerOf5(__mv + 2, __q);
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    // This expression is slightly faster than max(0, __log10Pow5(-__e2) - 1).
+    const uint32_t __q = __log10Pow5(-__e2) - (-__e2 > 1);
+    __e10 = static_cast<int32_t>(__q) + __e2;
+    const int32_t __i = -__e2 - static_cast<int32_t>(__q);
+    const int32_t __k = __pow5bits(__i) - __DOUBLE_POW5_BITCOUNT;
+    const int32_t __j = static_cast<int32_t>(__q) - __k;
+    __vr = __mulShiftAll(__m2, __DOUBLE_POW5_SPLIT[__i], __j, &__vp, &__vm, __mmShift);
+    if (__q <= 1) {
+      // {__vr,__vp,__vm} is trailing zeros if {__mv,__mp,__mm} has at least __q trailing 0 bits.
+      // __mv = 4 * __m2, so it always has at least two trailing 0 bits.
+      __vrIsTrailingZeros = true;
+      if (__acceptBounds) {
+        // __mm = __mv - 1 - __mmShift, so it has 1 trailing 0 bit iff __mmShift == 1.
+        __vmIsTrailingZeros = __mmShift == 1;
+      } else {
+        // __mp = __mv + 2, so it always has at least one trailing 0 bit.
+        --__vp;
+      }
+    } else if (__q < 63) { // TRANSITION(ulfjack): Use a tighter bound here.
+      // We need to compute min(ntz(__mv), __pow5Factor(__mv) - __e2) >= __q - 1
+      // <=> ntz(__mv) >= __q - 1 && __pow5Factor(__mv) - __e2 >= __q - 1
+      // <=> ntz(__mv) >= __q - 1 (__e2 is negative and -__e2 >= __q)
+      // <=> (__mv & ((1 << (__q - 1)) - 1)) == 0
+      // We also need to make sure that the left shift does not overflow.
+      __vrIsTrailingZeros = __multipleOfPowerOf2(__mv, __q - 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Step 4: Find the shortest decimal representation in the interval of valid representations.
+  int32_t __removed = 0;
+  uint8_t __lastRemovedDigit = 0;
+  uint64_t _Output;
+  // On average, we remove ~2 digits.
+  if (__vmIsTrailingZeros || __vrIsTrailingZeros) {
+    // General case, which happens rarely (~0.7%).
+    for (;;) {
+      const uint64_t __vpDiv10 = __div10(__vp);
+      const uint64_t __vmDiv10 = __div10(__vm);
+      if (__vpDiv10 <= __vmDiv10) {
+        break;
+      }
+      const uint32_t __vmMod10 = static_cast<uint32_t>(__vm) - 10 * static_cast<uint32_t>(__vmDiv10);
+      const uint64_t __vrDiv10 = __div10(__vr);
+      const uint32_t __vrMod10 = static_cast<uint32_t>(__vr) - 10 * static_cast<uint32_t>(__vrDiv10);
+      __vmIsTrailingZeros &= __vmMod10 == 0;
+      __vrIsTrailingZeros &= __lastRemovedDigit == 0;
+      __lastRemovedDigit = static_cast<uint8_t>(__vrMod10);
+      __vr = __vrDiv10;
+      __vp = __vpDiv10;
+      __vm = __vmDiv10;
+      ++__removed;
+    }
+    if (__vmIsTrailingZeros) {
+      for (;;) {
+        const uint64_t __vmDiv10 = __div10(__vm);
+        const uint32_t __vmMod10 = static_cast<uint32_t>(__vm) - 10 * static_cast<uint32_t>(__vmDiv10);
+        if (__vmMod10 != 0) {
+          break;
+        }
+        const uint64_t __vpDiv10 = __div10(__vp);
+        const uint64_t __vrDiv10 = __div10(__vr);
+        const uint32_t __vrMod10 = static_cast<uint32_t>(__vr) - 10 * static_cast<uint32_t>(__vrDiv10);
+        __vrIsTrailingZeros &= __lastRemovedDigit == 0;
+        __lastRemovedDigit = static_cast<uint8_t>(__vrMod10);
+        __vr = __vrDiv10;
+        __vp = __vpDiv10;
+        __vm = __vmDiv10;
+        ++__removed;
+      }
+    }
+    if (__vrIsTrailingZeros && __lastRemovedDigit == 5 && __vr % 2 == 0) {
+      // Round even if the exact number is .....50..0.
+      __lastRemovedDigit = 4;
+    }
+    // We need to take __vr + 1 if __vr is outside bounds or we need to round up.
+    _Output = __vr + ((__vr == __vm && (!__acceptBounds || !__vmIsTrailingZeros)) || __lastRemovedDigit >= 5);
+  } else {
+    // Specialized for the common case (~99.3%). Percentages below are relative to this.
+    bool __roundUp = false;
+    const uint64_t __vpDiv100 = __div100(__vp);
+    const uint64_t __vmDiv100 = __div100(__vm);
+    if (__vpDiv100 > __vmDiv100) { // Optimization: remove two digits at a time (~86.2%).
+      const uint64_t __vrDiv100 = __div100(__vr);
+      const uint32_t __vrMod100 = static_cast<uint32_t>(__vr) - 100 * static_cast<uint32_t>(__vrDiv100);
+      __roundUp = __vrMod100 >= 50;
+      __vr = __vrDiv100;
+      __vp = __vpDiv100;
+      __vm = __vmDiv100;
+      __removed += 2;
+    }
+    // Loop iterations below (approximately), without optimization above:
+    // 0: 0.03%, 1: 13.8%, 2: 70.6%, 3: 14.0%, 4: 1.40%, 5: 0.14%, 6+: 0.02%
+    // Loop iterations below (approximately), with optimization above:
+    // 0: 70.6%, 1: 27.8%, 2: 1.40%, 3: 0.14%, 4+: 0.02%
+    for (;;) {
+      const uint64_t __vpDiv10 = __div10(__vp);
+      const uint64_t __vmDiv10 = __div10(__vm);
+      if (__vpDiv10 <= __vmDiv10) {
+        break;
+      }
+      const uint64_t __vrDiv10 = __div10(__vr);
+      const uint32_t __vrMod10 = static_cast<uint32_t>(__vr) - 10 * static_cast<uint32_t>(__vrDiv10);
+      __roundUp = __vrMod10 >= 5;
+      __vr = __vrDiv10;
+      __vp = __vpDiv10;
+      __vm = __vmDiv10;
+      ++__removed;
+    }
+    // We need to take __vr + 1 if __vr is outside bounds or we need to round up.
+    _Output = __vr + (__vr == __vm || __roundUp);
+  }
+  const int32_t __exp = __e10 + __removed;
+
+  __floating_decimal_64 __fd;
+  __fd.__exponent = __exp;
+  __fd.__mantissa = _Output;
+  return __fd;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline to_chars_result __to_chars(char* const _First, char* const _Last, const __floating_decimal_64 __v,
+  chars_format _Fmt, const double __f) {
+  // Step 5: Print the decimal representation.
+  uint64_t _Output = __v.__mantissa;
+  int32_t _Ryu_exponent = __v.__exponent;
+  const uint32_t __olength = __decimalLength17(_Output);
+  int32_t _Scientific_exponent = _Ryu_exponent + static_cast<int32_t>(__olength) - 1;
+
+  if (_Fmt == chars_format{}) {
+    int32_t _Lower;
+    int32_t _Upper;
+
+    if (__olength == 1) {
+      // Value | Fixed   | Scientific
+      // 1e-3  | "0.001" | "1e-03"
+      // 1e4   | "10000" | "1e+04"
+      _Lower = -3;
+      _Upper = 4;
+    } else {
+      // Value   | Fixed       | Scientific
+      // 1234e-7 | "0.0001234" | "1.234e-04"
+      // 1234e5  | "123400000" | "1.234e+08"
+      _Lower = -static_cast<int32_t>(__olength + 3);
+      _Upper = 5;
+    }
+
+    if (_Lower <= _Ryu_exponent && _Ryu_exponent <= _Upper) {
+      _Fmt = chars_format::fixed;
+    } else {
+      _Fmt = chars_format::scientific;
+    }
+  } else if (_Fmt == chars_format::general) {
+    // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/8:
+    // "Let P equal [...] 6 if the precision is omitted [...].
+    // Then, if a conversion with style E would have an exponent of X:
+    // - if P > X >= -4, the conversion is with style f [...].
+    // - otherwise, the conversion is with style e [...]."
+    if (-4 <= _Scientific_exponent && _Scientific_exponent < 6) {
+      _Fmt = chars_format::fixed;
+    } else {
+      _Fmt = chars_format::scientific;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (_Fmt == chars_format::fixed) {
+    // Example: _Output == 1729, __olength == 4
+
+    // _Ryu_exponent | Printed  | _Whole_digits | _Total_fixed_length  | Notes
+    // --------------|----------|---------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------
+    //             2 | 172900   |  6            | _Whole_digits        | Ryu can't be used for printing
+    //             1 | 17290    |  5            | (sometimes adjusted) | when the trimmed digits are nonzero.
+    // --------------|----------|---------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------
+    //             0 | 1729     |  4            | _Whole_digits        | Unified length cases.
+    // --------------|----------|---------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------
+    //            -1 | 172.9    |  3            | __olength + 1        | This case can't happen for
+    //            -2 | 17.29    |  2            |                      | __olength == 1, but no additional
+    //            -3 | 1.729    |  1            |                      | code is needed to avoid it.
+    // --------------|----------|---------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------
+    //            -4 | 0.1729   |  0            | 2 - _Ryu_exponent    | C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/8:
+    //            -5 | 0.01729  | -1            |                      | "If a decimal-point character appears,
+    //            -6 | 0.001729 | -2            |                      | at least one digit appears before it."
+
+    const int32_t _Whole_digits = static_cast<int32_t>(__olength) + _Ryu_exponent;
+
+    uint32_t _Total_fixed_length;
+    if (_Ryu_exponent >= 0) { // cases "172900" and "1729"
+      _Total_fixed_length = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Whole_digits);
+      if (_Output == 1) {
+        // Rounding can affect the number of digits.
+        // For example, 1e23 is exactly "99999999999999991611392" which is 23 digits instead of 24.
+        // We can use a lookup table to detect this and adjust the total length.
+        static constexpr uint8_t _Adjustment[309] = {
+          0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,
+          1,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,
+          1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,
+          1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,
+          0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,
+          1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,
+          0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0 };
+        _Total_fixed_length -= _Adjustment[_Ryu_exponent];
+        // _Whole_digits doesn't need to be adjusted because these cases won't refer to it later.
+      }
+    } else if (_Whole_digits > 0) { // case "17.29"
+      _Total_fixed_length = __olength + 1;
+    } else { // case "0.001729"
+      _Total_fixed_length = static_cast<uint32_t>(2 - _Ryu_exponent);
+    }
+
+    if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(_Total_fixed_length)) {
+      return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+    }
+
+    char* _Mid;
+    if (_Ryu_exponent > 0) { // case "172900"
+      bool _Can_use_ryu;
+
+      if (_Ryu_exponent > 22) { // 10^22 is the largest power of 10 that's exactly representable as a double.
+        _Can_use_ryu = false;
+      } else {
+        // Ryu generated X: __v.__mantissa * 10^_Ryu_exponent
+        // __v.__mantissa == 2^_Trailing_zero_bits * (__v.__mantissa >> _Trailing_zero_bits)
+        // 10^_Ryu_exponent == 2^_Ryu_exponent * 5^_Ryu_exponent
+
+        // _Trailing_zero_bits is [0, 56] (aside: because 2^56 is the largest power of 2
+        // with 17 decimal digits, which is double's round-trip limit.)
+        // _Ryu_exponent is [1, 22].
+        // Normalization adds [2, 52] (aside: at least 2 because the pre-normalized mantissa is at least 5).
+        // This adds up to [3, 130], which is well below double's maximum binary exponent 1023.
+
+        // Therefore, we just need to consider (__v.__mantissa >> _Trailing_zero_bits) * 5^_Ryu_exponent.
+
+        // If that product would exceed 53 bits, then X can't be exactly represented as a double.
+        // (That's not a problem for round-tripping, because X is close enough to the original double,
+        // but X isn't mathematically equal to the original double.) This requires a high-precision fallback.
+
+        // If the product is 53 bits or smaller, then X can be exactly represented as a double (and we don't
+        // need to re-synthesize it; the original double must have been X, because Ryu wouldn't produce the
+        // same output for two different doubles X and Y). This allows Ryu's output to be used (zero-filled).
+
+        // (2^53 - 1) / 5^0 (for indexing), (2^53 - 1) / 5^1, ..., (2^53 - 1) / 5^22
+        static constexpr uint64_t _Max_shifted_mantissa[23] = {
+          9007199254740991u, 1801439850948198u, 360287970189639u, 72057594037927u, 14411518807585u,
+          2882303761517u, 576460752303u, 115292150460u, 23058430092u, 4611686018u, 922337203u, 184467440u,
+          36893488u, 7378697u, 1475739u, 295147u, 59029u, 11805u, 2361u, 472u, 94u, 18u, 3u };
+
+        unsigned long _Trailing_zero_bits;
+#ifdef _LIBCPP_HAS_BITSCAN64
+        (void) _BitScanForward64(&_Trailing_zero_bits, __v.__mantissa); // __v.__mantissa is guaranteed nonzero
+#else // ^^^ 64-bit ^^^ / vvv 32-bit vvv
+        const uint32_t _Low_mantissa = static_cast<uint32_t>(__v.__mantissa);
+        if (_Low_mantissa != 0) {
+          (void) _BitScanForward(&_Trailing_zero_bits, _Low_mantissa);
+        } else {
+          const uint32_t _High_mantissa = static_cast<uint32_t>(__v.__mantissa >> 32); // nonzero here
+          (void) _BitScanForward(&_Trailing_zero_bits, _High_mantissa);
+          _Trailing_zero_bits += 32;
+        }
+#endif // ^^^ 32-bit ^^^
+        const uint64_t _Shifted_mantissa = __v.__mantissa >> _Trailing_zero_bits;
+        _Can_use_ryu = _Shifted_mantissa <= _Max_shifted_mantissa[_Ryu_exponent];
+      }
+
+      if (!_Can_use_ryu) {
+        // Print the integer exactly.
+        // Performance note: This will redundantly perform bounds checking.
+        // Performance note: This will redundantly decompose the IEEE representation.
+        return __d2fixed_buffered_n(_First, _Last, __f, 0);
+      }
+
+      // _Can_use_ryu
+      // Print the decimal digits, left-aligned within [_First, _First + _Total_fixed_length).
+      _Mid = _First + __olength;
+    } else { // cases "1729", "17.29", and "0.001729"
+      // Print the decimal digits, right-aligned within [_First, _First + _Total_fixed_length).
+      _Mid = _First + _Total_fixed_length;
+    }
+
+    // We prefer 32-bit operations, even on 64-bit platforms.
+    // We have at most 17 digits, and uint32_t can store 9 digits.
+    // If _Output doesn't fit into uint32_t, we cut off 8 digits,
+    // so the rest will fit into uint32_t.
+    if ((_Output >> 32) != 0) {
+      // Expensive 64-bit division.
+      const uint64_t __q = __div1e8(_Output);
+      uint32_t __output2 = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Output - 100000000 * __q);
+      _Output = __q;
+
+      const uint32_t __c = __output2 % 10000;
+      __output2 /= 10000;
+      const uint32_t __d = __output2 % 10000;
+      const uint32_t __c0 = (__c % 100) << 1;
+      const uint32_t __c1 = (__c / 100) << 1;
+      const uint32_t __d0 = (__d % 100) << 1;
+      const uint32_t __d1 = (__d / 100) << 1;
+
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c0, 2);
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c1, 2);
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __d0, 2);
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __d1, 2);
+    }
+    uint32_t __output2 = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Output);
+    while (__output2 >= 10000) {
+#ifdef __clang__ // TRANSITION, LLVM-38217
+      const uint32_t __c = __output2 - 10000 * (__output2 / 10000);
+#else
+      const uint32_t __c = __output2 % 10000;
+#endif
+      __output2 /= 10000;
+      const uint32_t __c0 = (__c % 100) << 1;
+      const uint32_t __c1 = (__c / 100) << 1;
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c0, 2);
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c1, 2);
+    }
+    if (__output2 >= 100) {
+      const uint32_t __c = (__output2 % 100) << 1;
+      __output2 /= 100;
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c, 2);
+    }
+    if (__output2 >= 10) {
+      const uint32_t __c = __output2 << 1;
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c, 2);
+    } else {
+      *--_Mid = static_cast<char>('0' + __output2);
+    }
+
+    if (_Ryu_exponent > 0) { // case "172900" with _Can_use_ryu
+      // Performance note: it might be more efficient to do this immediately after setting _Mid.
+      _VSTD::memset(_First + __olength, '0', static_cast<size_t>(_Ryu_exponent));
+    } else if (_Ryu_exponent == 0) { // case "1729"
+      // Done!
+    } else if (_Whole_digits > 0) { // case "17.29"
+      // Performance note: moving digits might not be optimal.
+      _VSTD::memmove(_First, _First + 1, static_cast<size_t>(_Whole_digits));
+      _First[_Whole_digits] = '.';
+    } else { // case "0.001729"
+      // Performance note: a larger memset() followed by overwriting '.' might be more efficient.
+      _First[0] = '0';
+      _First[1] = '.';
+      _VSTD::memset(_First + 2, '0', static_cast<size_t>(-_Whole_digits));
+    }
+
+    return { _First + _Total_fixed_length, errc{} };
+  }
+
+  const uint32_t _Total_scientific_length = __olength + (__olength > 1) // digits + possible decimal point
+    + (-100 < _Scientific_exponent && _Scientific_exponent < 100 ? 4 : 5); // + scientific exponent
+  if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(_Total_scientific_length)) {
+    return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+  }
+  char* const __result = _First;
+
+  // Print the decimal digits.
+  uint32_t __i = 0;
+  // We prefer 32-bit operations, even on 64-bit platforms.
+  // We have at most 17 digits, and uint32_t can store 9 digits.
+  // If _Output doesn't fit into uint32_t, we cut off 8 digits,
+  // so the rest will fit into uint32_t.
+  if ((_Output >> 32) != 0) {
+    // Expensive 64-bit division.
+    const uint64_t __q = __div1e8(_Output);
+    uint32_t __output2 = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Output) - 100000000 * static_cast<uint32_t>(__q);
+    _Output = __q;
+
+    const uint32_t __c = __output2 % 10000;
+    __output2 /= 10000;
+    const uint32_t __d = __output2 % 10000;
+    const uint32_t __c0 = (__c % 100) << 1;
+    const uint32_t __c1 = (__c / 100) << 1;
+    const uint32_t __d0 = (__d % 100) << 1;
+    const uint32_t __d1 = (__d / 100) << 1;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 1, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c0, 2);
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 3, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c1, 2);
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 5, __DIGIT_TABLE + __d0, 2);
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 7, __DIGIT_TABLE + __d1, 2);
+    __i += 8;
+  }
+  uint32_t __output2 = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Output);
+  while (__output2 >= 10000) {
+#ifdef __clang__ // TRANSITION, LLVM-38217
+    const uint32_t __c = __output2 - 10000 * (__output2 / 10000);
+#else
+    const uint32_t __c = __output2 % 10000;
+#endif
+    __output2 /= 10000;
+    const uint32_t __c0 = (__c % 100) << 1;
+    const uint32_t __c1 = (__c / 100) << 1;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 1, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c0, 2);
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 3, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c1, 2);
+    __i += 4;
+  }
+  if (__output2 >= 100) {
+    const uint32_t __c = (__output2 % 100) << 1;
+    __output2 /= 100;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 1, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c, 2);
+    __i += 2;
+  }
+  if (__output2 >= 10) {
+    const uint32_t __c = __output2 << 1;
+    // We can't use memcpy here: the decimal dot goes between these two digits.
+    __result[2] = __DIGIT_TABLE[__c + 1];
+    __result[0] = __DIGIT_TABLE[__c];
+  } else {
+    __result[0] = static_cast<char>('0' + __output2);
+  }
+
+  // Print decimal point if needed.
+  uint32_t __index;
+  if (__olength > 1) {
+    __result[1] = '.';
+    __index = __olength + 1;
+  } else {
+    __index = 1;
+  }
+
+  // Print the exponent.
+  __result[__index++] = 'e';
+  if (_Scientific_exponent < 0) {
+    __result[__index++] = '-';
+    _Scientific_exponent = -_Scientific_exponent;
+  } else {
+    __result[__index++] = '+';
+  }
+
+  if (_Scientific_exponent >= 100) {
+    const int32_t __c = _Scientific_exponent % 10;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __index, __DIGIT_TABLE + 2 * (_Scientific_exponent / 10), 2);
+    __result[__index + 2] = static_cast<char>('0' + __c);
+    __index += 3;
+  } else {
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __index, __DIGIT_TABLE + 2 * _Scientific_exponent, 2);
+    __index += 2;
+  }
+
+  return { _First + _Total_scientific_length, errc{} };
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline bool __d2d_small_int(const uint64_t __ieeeMantissa, const uint32_t __ieeeExponent,
+  __floating_decimal_64* const __v) {
+  const uint64_t __m2 = (1ull << __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS) | __ieeeMantissa;
+  const int32_t __e2 = static_cast<int32_t>(__ieeeExponent) - __DOUBLE_BIAS - __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS;
+
+  if (__e2 > 0) {
+    // f = __m2 * 2^__e2 >= 2^53 is an integer.
+    // Ignore this case for now.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (__e2 < -52) {
+    // f < 1.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Since 2^52 <= __m2 < 2^53 and 0 <= -__e2 <= 52: 1 <= f = __m2 / 2^-__e2 < 2^53.
+  // Test if the lower -__e2 bits of the significand are 0, i.e. whether the fraction is 0.
+  const uint64_t __mask = (1ull << -__e2) - 1;
+  const uint64_t __fraction = __m2 & __mask;
+  if (__fraction != 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // f is an integer in the range [1, 2^53).
+  // Note: __mantissa might contain trailing (decimal) 0's.
+  // Note: since 2^53 < 10^16, there is no need to adjust __decimalLength17().
+  __v->__mantissa = __m2 >> -__e2;
+  __v->__exponent = 0;
+  return true;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] to_chars_result __d2s_buffered_n(char* const _First, char* const _Last, const double __f,
+  const chars_format _Fmt) {
+
+  // Step 1: Decode the floating-point number, and unify normalized and subnormal cases.
+  const uint64_t __bits = __double_to_bits(__f);
+
+  // Case distinction; exit early for the easy cases.
+  if (__bits == 0) {
+    if (_Fmt == chars_format::scientific) {
+      if (_Last - _First < 5) {
+        return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+      }
+
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_First, "0e+00", 5);
+
+      return { _First + 5, errc{} };
+    }
+
+    // Print "0" for chars_format::fixed, chars_format::general, and chars_format{}.
+    if (_First == _Last) {
+      return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+    }
+
+    *_First = '0';
+
+    return { _First + 1, errc{} };
+  }
+
+  // Decode __bits into mantissa and exponent.
+  const uint64_t __ieeeMantissa = __bits & ((1ull << __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS) - 1);
+  const uint32_t __ieeeExponent = static_cast<uint32_t>(__bits >> __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS);
+
+  if (_Fmt == chars_format::fixed) {
+    // const uint64_t _Mantissa2 = __ieeeMantissa | (1ull << __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS); // restore implicit bit
+    const int32_t _Exponent2 = static_cast<int32_t>(__ieeeExponent)
+      - __DOUBLE_BIAS - __DOUBLE_MANTISSA_BITS; // bias and normalization
+
+    // Normal values are equal to _Mantissa2 * 2^_Exponent2.
+    // (Subnormals are different, but they'll be rejected by the _Exponent2 test here, so they can be ignored.)
+
+    // For nonzero integers, _Exponent2 >= -52. (The minimum value occurs when _Mantissa2 * 2^_Exponent2 is 1.
+    // In that case, _Mantissa2 is the implicit 1 bit followed by 52 zeros, so _Exponent2 is -52 to shift away
+    // the zeros.) The dense range of exactly representable integers has negative or zero exponents
+    // (as positive exponents make the range non-dense). For that dense range, Ryu will always be used:
+    // every digit is necessary to uniquely identify the value, so Ryu must print them all.
+
+    // Positive exponents are the non-dense range of exactly representable integers. This contains all of the values
+    // for which Ryu can't be used (and a few Ryu-friendly values). We can save time by detecting positive
+    // exponents here and skipping Ryu. Calling __d2fixed_buffered_n() with precision 0 is valid for all integers
+    // (so it's okay if we call it with a Ryu-friendly value).
+    if (_Exponent2 > 0) {
+      return __d2fixed_buffered_n(_First, _Last, __f, 0);
+    }
+  }
+
+  __floating_decimal_64 __v;
+  const bool __isSmallInt = __d2d_small_int(__ieeeMantissa, __ieeeExponent, &__v);
+  if (__isSmallInt) {
+    // For small integers in the range [1, 2^53), __v.__mantissa might contain trailing (decimal) zeros.
+    // For scientific notation we need to move these zeros into the exponent.
+    // (This is not needed for fixed-point notation, so it might be beneficial to trim
+    // trailing zeros in __to_chars only if needed - once fixed-point notation output is implemented.)
+    for (;;) {
+      const uint64_t __q = __div10(__v.__mantissa);
+      const uint32_t __r = static_cast<uint32_t>(__v.__mantissa) - 10 * static_cast<uint32_t>(__q);
+      if (__r != 0) {
+        break;
+      }
+      __v.__mantissa = __q;
+      ++__v.__exponent;
+    }
+  } else {
+    __v = __d2d(__ieeeMantissa, __ieeeExponent);
+  }
+
+  return __to_chars(_First, _Last, __v, _Fmt, __f);
+}
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on
diff --git a/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/f2s.cpp b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/f2s.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7e10b49836
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/libs/cxxsupp/libcxx/src/ryu/f2s.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,715 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+// Copyright 2018 Ulf Adams
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+
+// Boost Software License - Version 1.0 - August 17th, 2003
+
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+// do so, all subject to the following:
+
+// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+// a source language processor.
+
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// Avoid formatting to keep the changes with the original code minimal.
+// clang-format off
+
+#include "__config"
+#include "charconv"
+
+#include "include/ryu/common.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2fixed.h"
+#include "include/ryu/d2s_intrinsics.h"
+#include "include/ryu/digit_table.h"
+#include "include/ryu/f2s.h"
+#include "include/ryu/ryu.h"
+
+_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+inline constexpr int __FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS = 23;
+inline constexpr int __FLOAT_EXPONENT_BITS = 8;
+inline constexpr int __FLOAT_BIAS = 127;
+
+inline constexpr int __FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT = 59;
+inline constexpr uint64_t __FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT[31] = {
+  576460752303423489u, 461168601842738791u, 368934881474191033u, 295147905179352826u,
+  472236648286964522u, 377789318629571618u, 302231454903657294u, 483570327845851670u,
+  386856262276681336u, 309485009821345069u, 495176015714152110u, 396140812571321688u,
+  316912650057057351u, 507060240091291761u, 405648192073033409u, 324518553658426727u,
+  519229685853482763u, 415383748682786211u, 332306998946228969u, 531691198313966350u,
+  425352958651173080u, 340282366920938464u, 544451787073501542u, 435561429658801234u,
+  348449143727040987u, 557518629963265579u, 446014903970612463u, 356811923176489971u,
+  570899077082383953u, 456719261665907162u, 365375409332725730u
+};
+inline constexpr int __FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT = 61;
+inline constexpr uint64_t __FLOAT_POW5_SPLIT[47] = {
+  1152921504606846976u, 1441151880758558720u, 1801439850948198400u, 2251799813685248000u,
+  1407374883553280000u, 1759218604441600000u, 2199023255552000000u, 1374389534720000000u,
+  1717986918400000000u, 2147483648000000000u, 1342177280000000000u, 1677721600000000000u,
+  2097152000000000000u, 1310720000000000000u, 1638400000000000000u, 2048000000000000000u,
+  1280000000000000000u, 1600000000000000000u, 2000000000000000000u, 1250000000000000000u,
+  1562500000000000000u, 1953125000000000000u, 1220703125000000000u, 1525878906250000000u,
+  1907348632812500000u, 1192092895507812500u, 1490116119384765625u, 1862645149230957031u,
+  1164153218269348144u, 1455191522836685180u, 1818989403545856475u, 2273736754432320594u,
+  1421085471520200371u, 1776356839400250464u, 2220446049250313080u, 1387778780781445675u,
+  1734723475976807094u, 2168404344971008868u, 1355252715606880542u, 1694065894508600678u,
+  2117582368135750847u, 1323488980084844279u, 1654361225106055349u, 2067951531382569187u,
+  1292469707114105741u, 1615587133892632177u, 2019483917365790221u
+};
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __pow5Factor(uint32_t __value) {
+  uint32_t __count = 0;
+  for (;;) {
+    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__value != 0, "");
+    const uint32_t __q = __value / 5;
+    const uint32_t __r = __value % 5;
+    if (__r != 0) {
+      break;
+    }
+    __value = __q;
+    ++__count;
+  }
+  return __count;
+}
+
+// Returns true if __value is divisible by 5^__p.
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline bool __multipleOfPowerOf5(const uint32_t __value, const uint32_t __p) {
+  return __pow5Factor(__value) >= __p;
+}
+
+// Returns true if __value is divisible by 2^__p.
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline bool __multipleOfPowerOf2(const uint32_t __value, const uint32_t __p) {
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__value != 0, "");
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__p < 32, "");
+  // __builtin_ctz doesn't appear to be faster here.
+  return (__value & ((1u << __p) - 1)) == 0;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __mulShift(const uint32_t __m, const uint64_t __factor, const int32_t __shift) {
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__shift > 32, "");
+
+  // The casts here help MSVC to avoid calls to the __allmul library
+  // function.
+  const uint32_t __factorLo = static_cast<uint32_t>(__factor);
+  const uint32_t __factorHi = static_cast<uint32_t>(__factor >> 32);
+  const uint64_t __bits0 = static_cast<uint64_t>(__m) * __factorLo;
+  const uint64_t __bits1 = static_cast<uint64_t>(__m) * __factorHi;
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_64_BIT
+  // On 32-bit platforms we can avoid a 64-bit shift-right since we only
+  // need the upper 32 bits of the result and the shift value is > 32.
+  const uint32_t __bits0Hi = static_cast<uint32_t>(__bits0 >> 32);
+  uint32_t __bits1Lo = static_cast<uint32_t>(__bits1);
+  uint32_t __bits1Hi = static_cast<uint32_t>(__bits1 >> 32);
+  __bits1Lo += __bits0Hi;
+  __bits1Hi += (__bits1Lo < __bits0Hi);
+  const int32_t __s = __shift - 32;
+  return (__bits1Hi << (32 - __s)) | (__bits1Lo >> __s);
+#else // ^^^ 32-bit ^^^ / vvv 64-bit vvv
+  const uint64_t __sum = (__bits0 >> 32) + __bits1;
+  const uint64_t __shiftedSum = __sum >> (__shift - 32);
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(__shiftedSum <= UINT32_MAX, "");
+  return static_cast<uint32_t>(__shiftedSum);
+#endif // ^^^ 64-bit ^^^
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __mulPow5InvDivPow2(const uint32_t __m, const uint32_t __q, const int32_t __j) {
+  return __mulShift(__m, __FLOAT_POW5_INV_SPLIT[__q], __j);
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline uint32_t __mulPow5divPow2(const uint32_t __m, const uint32_t __i, const int32_t __j) {
+  return __mulShift(__m, __FLOAT_POW5_SPLIT[__i], __j);
+}
+
+// A floating decimal representing m * 10^e.
+struct __floating_decimal_32 {
+  uint32_t __mantissa;
+  int32_t __exponent;
+};
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline __floating_decimal_32 __f2d(const uint32_t __ieeeMantissa, const uint32_t __ieeeExponent) {
+  int32_t __e2;
+  uint32_t __m2;
+  if (__ieeeExponent == 0) {
+    // We subtract 2 so that the bounds computation has 2 additional bits.
+    __e2 = 1 - __FLOAT_BIAS - __FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2;
+    __m2 = __ieeeMantissa;
+  } else {
+    __e2 = static_cast<int32_t>(__ieeeExponent) - __FLOAT_BIAS - __FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS - 2;
+    __m2 = (1u << __FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) | __ieeeMantissa;
+  }
+  const bool __even = (__m2 & 1) == 0;
+  const bool __acceptBounds = __even;
+
+  // Step 2: Determine the interval of valid decimal representations.
+  const uint32_t __mv = 4 * __m2;
+  const uint32_t __mp = 4 * __m2 + 2;
+  // Implicit bool -> int conversion. True is 1, false is 0.
+  const uint32_t __mmShift = __ieeeMantissa != 0 || __ieeeExponent <= 1;
+  const uint32_t __mm = 4 * __m2 - 1 - __mmShift;
+
+  // Step 3: Convert to a decimal power base using 64-bit arithmetic.
+  uint32_t __vr, __vp, __vm;
+  int32_t __e10;
+  bool __vmIsTrailingZeros = false;
+  bool __vrIsTrailingZeros = false;
+  uint8_t __lastRemovedDigit = 0;
+  if (__e2 >= 0) {
+    const uint32_t __q = __log10Pow2(__e2);
+    __e10 = static_cast<int32_t>(__q);
+    const int32_t __k = __FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + __pow5bits(static_cast<int32_t>(__q)) - 1;
+    const int32_t __i = -__e2 + static_cast<int32_t>(__q) + __k;
+    __vr = __mulPow5InvDivPow2(__mv, __q, __i);
+    __vp = __mulPow5InvDivPow2(__mp, __q, __i);
+    __vm = __mulPow5InvDivPow2(__mm, __q, __i);
+    if (__q != 0 && (__vp - 1) / 10 <= __vm / 10) {
+      // We need to know one removed digit even if we are not going to loop below. We could use
+      // __q = X - 1 above, except that would require 33 bits for the result, and we've found that
+      // 32-bit arithmetic is faster even on 64-bit machines.
+      const int32_t __l = __FLOAT_POW5_INV_BITCOUNT + __pow5bits(static_cast<int32_t>(__q - 1)) - 1;
+      __lastRemovedDigit = static_cast<uint8_t>(__mulPow5InvDivPow2(__mv, __q - 1,
+        -__e2 + static_cast<int32_t>(__q) - 1 + __l) % 10);
+    }
+    if (__q <= 9) {
+      // The largest power of 5 that fits in 24 bits is 5^10, but __q <= 9 seems to be safe as well.
+      // Only one of __mp, __mv, and __mm can be a multiple of 5, if any.
+      if (__mv % 5 == 0) {
+        __vrIsTrailingZeros = __multipleOfPowerOf5(__mv, __q);
+      } else if (__acceptBounds) {
+        __vmIsTrailingZeros = __multipleOfPowerOf5(__mm, __q);
+      } else {
+        __vp -= __multipleOfPowerOf5(__mp, __q);
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    const uint32_t __q = __log10Pow5(-__e2);
+    __e10 = static_cast<int32_t>(__q) + __e2;
+    const int32_t __i = -__e2 - static_cast<int32_t>(__q);
+    const int32_t __k = __pow5bits(__i) - __FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT;
+    int32_t __j = static_cast<int32_t>(__q) - __k;
+    __vr = __mulPow5divPow2(__mv, static_cast<uint32_t>(__i), __j);
+    __vp = __mulPow5divPow2(__mp, static_cast<uint32_t>(__i), __j);
+    __vm = __mulPow5divPow2(__mm, static_cast<uint32_t>(__i), __j);
+    if (__q != 0 && (__vp - 1) / 10 <= __vm / 10) {
+      __j = static_cast<int32_t>(__q) - 1 - (__pow5bits(__i + 1) - __FLOAT_POW5_BITCOUNT);
+      __lastRemovedDigit = static_cast<uint8_t>(__mulPow5divPow2(__mv, static_cast<uint32_t>(__i + 1), __j) % 10);
+    }
+    if (__q <= 1) {
+      // {__vr,__vp,__vm} is trailing zeros if {__mv,__mp,__mm} has at least __q trailing 0 bits.
+      // __mv = 4 * __m2, so it always has at least two trailing 0 bits.
+      __vrIsTrailingZeros = true;
+      if (__acceptBounds) {
+        // __mm = __mv - 1 - __mmShift, so it has 1 trailing 0 bit iff __mmShift == 1.
+        __vmIsTrailingZeros = __mmShift == 1;
+      } else {
+        // __mp = __mv + 2, so it always has at least one trailing 0 bit.
+        --__vp;
+      }
+    } else if (__q < 31) { // TRANSITION(ulfjack): Use a tighter bound here.
+      __vrIsTrailingZeros = __multipleOfPowerOf2(__mv, __q - 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Step 4: Find the shortest decimal representation in the interval of valid representations.
+  int32_t __removed = 0;
+  uint32_t _Output;
+  if (__vmIsTrailingZeros || __vrIsTrailingZeros) {
+    // General case, which happens rarely (~4.0%).
+    while (__vp / 10 > __vm / 10) {
+#ifdef __clang__ // TRANSITION, LLVM-23106
+      __vmIsTrailingZeros &= __vm - (__vm / 10) * 10 == 0;
+#else
+      __vmIsTrailingZeros &= __vm % 10 == 0;
+#endif
+      __vrIsTrailingZeros &= __lastRemovedDigit == 0;
+      __lastRemovedDigit = static_cast<uint8_t>(__vr % 10);
+      __vr /= 10;
+      __vp /= 10;
+      __vm /= 10;
+      ++__removed;
+    }
+    if (__vmIsTrailingZeros) {
+      while (__vm % 10 == 0) {
+        __vrIsTrailingZeros &= __lastRemovedDigit == 0;
+        __lastRemovedDigit = static_cast<uint8_t>(__vr % 10);
+        __vr /= 10;
+        __vp /= 10;
+        __vm /= 10;
+        ++__removed;
+      }
+    }
+    if (__vrIsTrailingZeros && __lastRemovedDigit == 5 && __vr % 2 == 0) {
+      // Round even if the exact number is .....50..0.
+      __lastRemovedDigit = 4;
+    }
+    // We need to take __vr + 1 if __vr is outside bounds or we need to round up.
+    _Output = __vr + ((__vr == __vm && (!__acceptBounds || !__vmIsTrailingZeros)) || __lastRemovedDigit >= 5);
+  } else {
+    // Specialized for the common case (~96.0%). Percentages below are relative to this.
+    // Loop iterations below (approximately):
+    // 0: 13.6%, 1: 70.7%, 2: 14.1%, 3: 1.39%, 4: 0.14%, 5+: 0.01%
+    while (__vp / 10 > __vm / 10) {
+      __lastRemovedDigit = static_cast<uint8_t>(__vr % 10);
+      __vr /= 10;
+      __vp /= 10;
+      __vm /= 10;
+      ++__removed;
+    }
+    // We need to take __vr + 1 if __vr is outside bounds or we need to round up.
+    _Output = __vr + (__vr == __vm || __lastRemovedDigit >= 5);
+  }
+  const int32_t __exp = __e10 + __removed;
+
+  __floating_decimal_32 __fd;
+  __fd.__exponent = __exp;
+  __fd.__mantissa = _Output;
+  return __fd;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline to_chars_result _Large_integer_to_chars(char* const _First, char* const _Last,
+  const uint32_t _Mantissa2, const int32_t _Exponent2) {
+
+  // Print the integer _Mantissa2 * 2^_Exponent2 exactly.
+
+  // For nonzero integers, _Exponent2 >= -23. (The minimum value occurs when _Mantissa2 * 2^_Exponent2 is 1.
+  // In that case, _Mantissa2 is the implicit 1 bit followed by 23 zeros, so _Exponent2 is -23 to shift away
+  // the zeros.) The dense range of exactly representable integers has negative or zero exponents
+  // (as positive exponents make the range non-dense). For that dense range, Ryu will always be used:
+  // every digit is necessary to uniquely identify the value, so Ryu must print them all.
+
+  // Positive exponents are the non-dense range of exactly representable integers.
+  // This contains all of the values for which Ryu can't be used (and a few Ryu-friendly values).
+
+  // Performance note: Long division appears to be faster than losslessly widening float to double and calling
+  // __d2fixed_buffered_n(). If __f2fixed_buffered_n() is implemented, it might be faster than long division.
+
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Exponent2 > 0, "");
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Exponent2 <= 104, ""); // because __ieeeExponent <= 254
+
+  // Manually represent _Mantissa2 * 2^_Exponent2 as a large integer. _Mantissa2 is always 24 bits
+  // (due to the implicit bit), while _Exponent2 indicates a shift of at most 104 bits.
+  // 24 + 104 equals 128 equals 4 * 32, so we need exactly 4 32-bit elements.
+  // We use a little-endian representation, visualized like this:
+
+  // << left shift <<
+  // most significant
+  // _Data[3] _Data[2] _Data[1] _Data[0]
+  //                   least significant
+  //                   >> right shift >>
+
+  constexpr uint32_t _Data_size = 4;
+  uint32_t _Data[_Data_size]{};
+
+  // _Maxidx is the index of the most significant nonzero element.
+  uint32_t _Maxidx = ((24 + static_cast<uint32_t>(_Exponent2) + 31) / 32) - 1;
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Maxidx < _Data_size, "");
+
+  const uint32_t _Bit_shift = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Exponent2) % 32;
+  if (_Bit_shift <= 8) { // _Mantissa2's 24 bits don't cross an element boundary
+    _Data[_Maxidx] = _Mantissa2 << _Bit_shift;
+  } else { // _Mantissa2's 24 bits cross an element boundary
+    _Data[_Maxidx - 1] = _Mantissa2 << _Bit_shift;
+    _Data[_Maxidx] = _Mantissa2 >> (32 - _Bit_shift);
+  }
+
+  // If Ryu hasn't determined the total output length, we need to buffer the digits generated from right to left
+  // by long division. The largest possible float is: 340'282346638'528859811'704183484'516925440
+  uint32_t _Blocks[4];
+  int32_t _Filled_blocks = 0;
+  // From left to right, we're going to print:
+  // _Data[0] will be [1, 10] digits.
+  // Then if _Filled_blocks > 0:
+  // _Blocks[_Filled_blocks - 1], ..., _Blocks[0] will be 0-filled 9-digit blocks.
+
+  if (_Maxidx != 0) { // If the integer is actually large, perform long division.
+                      // Otherwise, skip to printing _Data[0].
+    for (;;) {
+      // Loop invariant: _Maxidx != 0 (i.e. the integer is actually large)
+
+      const uint32_t _Most_significant_elem = _Data[_Maxidx];
+      const uint32_t _Initial_remainder = _Most_significant_elem % 1000000000;
+      const uint32_t _Initial_quotient = _Most_significant_elem / 1000000000;
+      _Data[_Maxidx] = _Initial_quotient;
+      uint64_t _Remainder = _Initial_remainder;
+
+      // Process less significant elements.
+      uint32_t _Idx = _Maxidx;
+      do {
+        --_Idx; // Initially, _Remainder is at most 10^9 - 1.
+
+        // Now, _Remainder is at most (10^9 - 1) * 2^32 + 2^32 - 1, simplified to 10^9 * 2^32 - 1.
+        _Remainder = (_Remainder << 32) | _Data[_Idx];
+
+        // floor((10^9 * 2^32 - 1) / 10^9) == 2^32 - 1, so uint32_t _Quotient is lossless.
+        const uint32_t _Quotient = static_cast<uint32_t>(__div1e9(_Remainder));
+
+        // _Remainder is at most 10^9 - 1 again.
+        // For uint32_t truncation, see the __mod1e9() comment in d2s_intrinsics.h.
+        _Remainder = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Remainder) - 1000000000u * _Quotient;
+
+        _Data[_Idx] = _Quotient;
+      } while (_Idx != 0);
+
+      // Store a 0-filled 9-digit block.
+      _Blocks[_Filled_blocks++] = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Remainder);
+
+      if (_Initial_quotient == 0) { // Is the large integer shrinking?
+        --_Maxidx; // log2(10^9) is 29.9, so we can't shrink by more than one element.
+        if (_Maxidx == 0) {
+          break; // We've finished long division. Now we need to print _Data[0].
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Data[0] != 0, "");
+  for (uint32_t _Idx = 1; _Idx < _Data_size; ++_Idx) {
+    _LIBCPP_ASSERT(_Data[_Idx] == 0, "");
+  }
+
+  const uint32_t _Data_olength = _Data[0] >= 1000000000 ? 10 : __decimalLength9(_Data[0]);
+  const uint32_t _Total_fixed_length = _Data_olength + 9 * _Filled_blocks;
+
+  if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(_Total_fixed_length)) {
+    return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+  }
+
+  char* _Result = _First;
+
+  // Print _Data[0]. While it's up to 10 digits,
+  // which is more than Ryu generates, the code below can handle this.
+  __append_n_digits(_Data_olength, _Data[0], _Result);
+  _Result += _Data_olength;
+
+  // Print 0-filled 9-digit blocks.
+  for (int32_t _Idx = _Filled_blocks - 1; _Idx >= 0; --_Idx) {
+    __append_nine_digits(_Blocks[_Idx], _Result);
+    _Result += 9;
+  }
+
+  return { _Result, errc{} };
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline to_chars_result __to_chars(char* const _First, char* const _Last, const __floating_decimal_32 __v,
+  chars_format _Fmt, const uint32_t __ieeeMantissa, const uint32_t __ieeeExponent) {
+  // Step 5: Print the decimal representation.
+  uint32_t _Output = __v.__mantissa;
+  int32_t _Ryu_exponent = __v.__exponent;
+  const uint32_t __olength = __decimalLength9(_Output);
+  int32_t _Scientific_exponent = _Ryu_exponent + static_cast<int32_t>(__olength) - 1;
+
+  if (_Fmt == chars_format{}) {
+    int32_t _Lower;
+    int32_t _Upper;
+
+    if (__olength == 1) {
+      // Value | Fixed   | Scientific
+      // 1e-3  | "0.001" | "1e-03"
+      // 1e4   | "10000" | "1e+04"
+      _Lower = -3;
+      _Upper = 4;
+    } else {
+      // Value   | Fixed       | Scientific
+      // 1234e-7 | "0.0001234" | "1.234e-04"
+      // 1234e5  | "123400000" | "1.234e+08"
+      _Lower = -static_cast<int32_t>(__olength + 3);
+      _Upper = 5;
+    }
+
+    if (_Lower <= _Ryu_exponent && _Ryu_exponent <= _Upper) {
+      _Fmt = chars_format::fixed;
+    } else {
+      _Fmt = chars_format::scientific;
+    }
+  } else if (_Fmt == chars_format::general) {
+    // C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/8:
+    // "Let P equal [...] 6 if the precision is omitted [...].
+    // Then, if a conversion with style E would have an exponent of X:
+    // - if P > X >= -4, the conversion is with style f [...].
+    // - otherwise, the conversion is with style e [...]."
+    if (-4 <= _Scientific_exponent && _Scientific_exponent < 6) {
+      _Fmt = chars_format::fixed;
+    } else {
+      _Fmt = chars_format::scientific;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (_Fmt == chars_format::fixed) {
+    // Example: _Output == 1729, __olength == 4
+
+    // _Ryu_exponent | Printed  | _Whole_digits | _Total_fixed_length  | Notes
+    // --------------|----------|---------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------
+    //             2 | 172900   |  6            | _Whole_digits        | Ryu can't be used for printing
+    //             1 | 17290    |  5            | (sometimes adjusted) | when the trimmed digits are nonzero.
+    // --------------|----------|---------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------
+    //             0 | 1729     |  4            | _Whole_digits        | Unified length cases.
+    // --------------|----------|---------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------
+    //            -1 | 172.9    |  3            | __olength + 1        | This case can't happen for
+    //            -2 | 17.29    |  2            |                      | __olength == 1, but no additional
+    //            -3 | 1.729    |  1            |                      | code is needed to avoid it.
+    // --------------|----------|---------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------
+    //            -4 | 0.1729   |  0            | 2 - _Ryu_exponent    | C11 7.21.6.1 "The fprintf function"/8:
+    //            -5 | 0.01729  | -1            |                      | "If a decimal-point character appears,
+    //            -6 | 0.001729 | -2            |                      | at least one digit appears before it."
+
+    const int32_t _Whole_digits = static_cast<int32_t>(__olength) + _Ryu_exponent;
+
+    uint32_t _Total_fixed_length;
+    if (_Ryu_exponent >= 0) { // cases "172900" and "1729"
+      _Total_fixed_length = static_cast<uint32_t>(_Whole_digits);
+      if (_Output == 1) {
+        // Rounding can affect the number of digits.
+        // For example, 1e11f is exactly "99999997952" which is 11 digits instead of 12.
+        // We can use a lookup table to detect this and adjust the total length.
+        static constexpr uint8_t _Adjustment[39] = {
+          0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1 };
+        _Total_fixed_length -= _Adjustment[_Ryu_exponent];
+        // _Whole_digits doesn't need to be adjusted because these cases won't refer to it later.
+      }
+    } else if (_Whole_digits > 0) { // case "17.29"
+      _Total_fixed_length = __olength + 1;
+    } else { // case "0.001729"
+      _Total_fixed_length = static_cast<uint32_t>(2 - _Ryu_exponent);
+    }
+
+    if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(_Total_fixed_length)) {
+      return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+    }
+
+    char* _Mid;
+    if (_Ryu_exponent > 0) { // case "172900"
+      bool _Can_use_ryu;
+
+      if (_Ryu_exponent > 10) { // 10^10 is the largest power of 10 that's exactly representable as a float.
+        _Can_use_ryu = false;
+      } else {
+        // Ryu generated X: __v.__mantissa * 10^_Ryu_exponent
+        // __v.__mantissa == 2^_Trailing_zero_bits * (__v.__mantissa >> _Trailing_zero_bits)
+        // 10^_Ryu_exponent == 2^_Ryu_exponent * 5^_Ryu_exponent
+
+        // _Trailing_zero_bits is [0, 29] (aside: because 2^29 is the largest power of 2
+        // with 9 decimal digits, which is float's round-trip limit.)
+        // _Ryu_exponent is [1, 10].
+        // Normalization adds [2, 23] (aside: at least 2 because the pre-normalized mantissa is at least 5).
+        // This adds up to [3, 62], which is well below float's maximum binary exponent 127.
+
+        // Therefore, we just need to consider (__v.__mantissa >> _Trailing_zero_bits) * 5^_Ryu_exponent.
+
+        // If that product would exceed 24 bits, then X can't be exactly represented as a float.
+        // (That's not a problem for round-tripping, because X is close enough to the original float,
+        // but X isn't mathematically equal to the original float.) This requires a high-precision fallback.
+
+        // If the product is 24 bits or smaller, then X can be exactly represented as a float (and we don't
+        // need to re-synthesize it; the original float must have been X, because Ryu wouldn't produce the
+        // same output for two different floats X and Y). This allows Ryu's output to be used (zero-filled).
+
+        // (2^24 - 1) / 5^0 (for indexing), (2^24 - 1) / 5^1, ..., (2^24 - 1) / 5^10
+        static constexpr uint32_t _Max_shifted_mantissa[11] = {
+          16777215, 3355443, 671088, 134217, 26843, 5368, 1073, 214, 42, 8, 1 };
+
+        unsigned long _Trailing_zero_bits;
+        (void) _BitScanForward(&_Trailing_zero_bits, __v.__mantissa); // __v.__mantissa is guaranteed nonzero
+        const uint32_t _Shifted_mantissa = __v.__mantissa >> _Trailing_zero_bits;
+        _Can_use_ryu = _Shifted_mantissa <= _Max_shifted_mantissa[_Ryu_exponent];
+      }
+
+      if (!_Can_use_ryu) {
+        const uint32_t _Mantissa2 = __ieeeMantissa | (1u << __FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS); // restore implicit bit
+        const int32_t _Exponent2 = static_cast<int32_t>(__ieeeExponent)
+          - __FLOAT_BIAS - __FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS; // bias and normalization
+
+        // Performance note: We've already called Ryu, so this will redundantly perform buffering and bounds checking.
+        return _Large_integer_to_chars(_First, _Last, _Mantissa2, _Exponent2);
+      }
+
+      // _Can_use_ryu
+      // Print the decimal digits, left-aligned within [_First, _First + _Total_fixed_length).
+      _Mid = _First + __olength;
+    } else { // cases "1729", "17.29", and "0.001729"
+      // Print the decimal digits, right-aligned within [_First, _First + _Total_fixed_length).
+      _Mid = _First + _Total_fixed_length;
+    }
+
+    while (_Output >= 10000) {
+#ifdef __clang__ // TRANSITION, LLVM-38217
+      const uint32_t __c = _Output - 10000 * (_Output / 10000);
+#else
+      const uint32_t __c = _Output % 10000;
+#endif
+      _Output /= 10000;
+      const uint32_t __c0 = (__c % 100) << 1;
+      const uint32_t __c1 = (__c / 100) << 1;
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c0, 2);
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c1, 2);
+    }
+    if (_Output >= 100) {
+      const uint32_t __c = (_Output % 100) << 1;
+      _Output /= 100;
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c, 2);
+    }
+    if (_Output >= 10) {
+      const uint32_t __c = _Output << 1;
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_Mid -= 2, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c, 2);
+    } else {
+      *--_Mid = static_cast<char>('0' + _Output);
+    }
+
+    if (_Ryu_exponent > 0) { // case "172900" with _Can_use_ryu
+      // Performance note: it might be more efficient to do this immediately after setting _Mid.
+      _VSTD::memset(_First + __olength, '0', static_cast<size_t>(_Ryu_exponent));
+    } else if (_Ryu_exponent == 0) { // case "1729"
+      // Done!
+    } else if (_Whole_digits > 0) { // case "17.29"
+      // Performance note: moving digits might not be optimal.
+      _VSTD::memmove(_First, _First + 1, static_cast<size_t>(_Whole_digits));
+      _First[_Whole_digits] = '.';
+    } else { // case "0.001729"
+      // Performance note: a larger memset() followed by overwriting '.' might be more efficient.
+      _First[0] = '0';
+      _First[1] = '.';
+      _VSTD::memset(_First + 2, '0', static_cast<size_t>(-_Whole_digits));
+    }
+
+    return { _First + _Total_fixed_length, errc{} };
+  }
+
+  const uint32_t _Total_scientific_length =
+    __olength + (__olength > 1) + 4; // digits + possible decimal point + scientific exponent
+  if (_Last - _First < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(_Total_scientific_length)) {
+    return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+  }
+  char* const __result = _First;
+
+  // Print the decimal digits.
+  uint32_t __i = 0;
+  while (_Output >= 10000) {
+#ifdef __clang__ // TRANSITION, LLVM-38217
+    const uint32_t __c = _Output - 10000 * (_Output / 10000);
+#else
+    const uint32_t __c = _Output % 10000;
+#endif
+    _Output /= 10000;
+    const uint32_t __c0 = (__c % 100) << 1;
+    const uint32_t __c1 = (__c / 100) << 1;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 1, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c0, 2);
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 3, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c1, 2);
+    __i += 4;
+  }
+  if (_Output >= 100) {
+    const uint32_t __c = (_Output % 100) << 1;
+    _Output /= 100;
+    _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __olength - __i - 1, __DIGIT_TABLE + __c, 2);
+    __i += 2;
+  }
+  if (_Output >= 10) {
+    const uint32_t __c = _Output << 1;
+    // We can't use memcpy here: the decimal dot goes between these two digits.
+    __result[2] = __DIGIT_TABLE[__c + 1];
+    __result[0] = __DIGIT_TABLE[__c];
+  } else {
+    __result[0] = static_cast<char>('0' + _Output);
+  }
+
+  // Print decimal point if needed.
+  uint32_t __index;
+  if (__olength > 1) {
+    __result[1] = '.';
+    __index = __olength + 1;
+  } else {
+    __index = 1;
+  }
+
+  // Print the exponent.
+  __result[__index++] = 'e';
+  if (_Scientific_exponent < 0) {
+    __result[__index++] = '-';
+    _Scientific_exponent = -_Scientific_exponent;
+  } else {
+    __result[__index++] = '+';
+  }
+
+  _VSTD::memcpy(__result + __index, __DIGIT_TABLE + 2 * _Scientific_exponent, 2);
+  __index += 2;
+
+  return { _First + _Total_scientific_length, errc{} };
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] to_chars_result __f2s_buffered_n(char* const _First, char* const _Last, const float __f,
+  const chars_format _Fmt) {
+
+  // Step 1: Decode the floating-point number, and unify normalized and subnormal cases.
+  const uint32_t __bits = __float_to_bits(__f);
+
+  // Case distinction; exit early for the easy cases.
+  if (__bits == 0) {
+    if (_Fmt == chars_format::scientific) {
+      if (_Last - _First < 5) {
+        return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+      }
+
+      _VSTD::memcpy(_First, "0e+00", 5);
+
+      return { _First + 5, errc{} };
+    }
+
+    // Print "0" for chars_format::fixed, chars_format::general, and chars_format{}.
+    if (_First == _Last) {
+      return { _Last, errc::value_too_large };
+    }
+
+    *_First = '0';
+
+    return { _First + 1, errc{} };
+  }
+
+  // Decode __bits into mantissa and exponent.
+  const uint32_t __ieeeMantissa = __bits & ((1u << __FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS) - 1);
+  const uint32_t __ieeeExponent = __bits >> __FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS;
+
+  // When _Fmt == chars_format::fixed and the floating-point number is a large integer,
+  // it's faster to skip Ryu and immediately print the integer exactly.
+  if (_Fmt == chars_format::fixed) {
+    const uint32_t _Mantissa2 = __ieeeMantissa | (1u << __FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS); // restore implicit bit
+    const int32_t _Exponent2 = static_cast<int32_t>(__ieeeExponent)
+      - __FLOAT_BIAS - __FLOAT_MANTISSA_BITS; // bias and normalization
+
+    // Normal values are equal to _Mantissa2 * 2^_Exponent2.
+    // (Subnormals are different, but they'll be rejected by the _Exponent2 test here, so they can be ignored.)
+
+    if (_Exponent2 > 0) {
+      return _Large_integer_to_chars(_First, _Last, _Mantissa2, _Exponent2);
+    }
+  }
+
+  const __floating_decimal_32 __v = __f2d(__ieeeMantissa, __ieeeExponent);
+  return __to_chars(_First, _Last, __v, _Fmt, __ieeeMantissa, __ieeeExponent);
+}
+
+_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
+
+// clang-format on