switch NAFrame references to Arc

37 files changed, 58 insertions, 62 deletions

diff --git a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/aac.rs b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/aac.rs
index 412bc9c..7b3c903 100644
--- a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/aac.rs
+++ b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/aac.rs
@@ -1251,7 +1251,7 @@ impl NADecoder for AACDecoder {
 
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.replace_info(NACodecTypeInfo::Audio(ainfo)), abuf);
         frm.set_keyframe(true);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/atrac3.rs b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/atrac3.rs
index 42fbe8a..9cc7dd4 100644
--- a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/atrac3.rs
+++ b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/atrac3.rs
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ impl NADecoder for Atrac3Decoder {
 
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.replace_info(NACodecTypeInfo::Audio(ainfo)), abuf);
         frm.set_keyframe(true);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/clearvideo.rs b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/clearvideo.rs
index d485bdb..ba23148 100644
--- a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/clearvideo.rs
+++ b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/clearvideo.rs
@@ -726,7 +726,7 @@ impl NADecoder for ClearVideoDecoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), NABufferType::None);
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
             frm.set_frame_type(FrameType::Skip);
-            return Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)));
+            return Ok(frm.into_ref());
         }
 
         let is_intra = (src[off] & 2) == 2;
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ impl NADecoder for ClearVideoDecoder {
         } else {
             frm.set_frame_type(FrameType::P);
         }
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/pcm.rs b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/pcm.rs
index 132d4c3..00f5c31 100644
--- a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/pcm.rs
+++ b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/pcm.rs
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ impl NADecoder for PCMDecoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, info, NABufferType::AudioPacked(abuf));
             frm.set_duration(Some(duration));
             frm.set_keyframe(true);
-            Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            Ok(frm.into_ref())
         } else {
             Err(DecoderError::InvalidData)
         }
diff --git a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/sipro.rs b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/sipro.rs
index 05e6816..88b525e 100644
--- a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/sipro.rs
+++ b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/sipro.rs
@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ impl NADecoder for SiproDecoder {
 
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), abuf);
         frm.set_keyframe(true);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/ts102366.rs b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/ts102366.rs
index f17b431..a4d4570 100644
--- a/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/ts102366.rs
+++ b/nihav-commonfmt/src/codecs/ts102366.rs
@@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@ impl NADecoder for AudioDecoder {
 
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.replace_info(NACodecTypeInfo::Audio(ainfo)), abuf);
         frm.set_keyframe(true);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-core/src/frame.rs b/nihav-core/src/frame.rs
index d97850b..d219ee4 100644
--- a/nihav-core/src/frame.rs
+++ b/nihav-core/src/frame.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 use std::cmp::max;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::fmt;
-pub use std::rc::Rc;
-pub use std::cell::*;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 pub use crate::formats::*;
 pub use crate::refs::*;
@@ -653,7 +651,7 @@ pub struct NAFrame {
     options:        HashMap<String, NAValue>,
 }
 
-pub type NAFrameRef = Rc<RefCell<NAFrame>>;
+pub type NAFrameRef = Arc<NAFrame>;
 
 fn get_plane_size(info: &NAVideoInfo, idx: usize) -> (usize, usize) {
     let chromaton = info.get_format().get_chromaton(idx);
@@ -687,6 +685,8 @@ impl NAFrame {
     pub fn set_duration(&mut self, dur: Option<u64>) { self.ts.set_duration(dur); }
 
     pub fn get_buffer(&self) -> NABufferType { self.buffer.clone() }
+
+    pub fn into_ref(self) -> NAFrameRef { Arc::new(self) }
 }
 
 impl fmt::Display for NAFrame {
diff --git a/nihav-core/src/test/dec_video.rs b/nihav-core/src/test/dec_video.rs
index 2c16b3d..538a0ef 100644
--- a/nihav-core/src/test/dec_video.rs
+++ b/nihav-core/src/test/dec_video.rs
@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@ use crate::demuxers::*;
 //use crate::io::byteio::*;
 use super::wavwriter::WavWriter;
 
-fn write_pgmyuv(pfx: &str, strno: usize, num: u64, frmref: NAFrameRef) {
-    let frm = frmref.borrow();
+fn write_pgmyuv(pfx: &str, strno: usize, num: u64, frm: NAFrameRef) {
     if let NABufferType::None = frm.get_buffer() { return; }
     let name = format!("assets/{}out{:02}_{:06}.pgm", pfx, strno, num);
     let mut ofile = File::create(name).unwrap();
@@ -90,8 +89,7 @@ fn write_pgmyuv(pfx: &str, strno: usize, num: u64, frmref: NAFrameRef) {
     }
 }
 
-fn write_palppm(pfx: &str, strno: usize, num: u64, frmref: NAFrameRef) {
-    let frm = frmref.borrow();
+fn write_palppm(pfx: &str, strno: usize, num: u64, frm: NAFrameRef) {
     let name = format!("assets/{}out{:02}_{:06}.ppm", pfx, strno, num);
     let mut ofile = File::create(name).unwrap();
     let buf = frm.get_buffer().get_vbuf().unwrap();
@@ -122,8 +120,7 @@ fn write_palppm(pfx: &str, strno: usize, num: u64, frmref: NAFrameRef) {
     }
 }
 
-fn write_ppm(pfx: &str, strno: usize, num: u64, frmref: NAFrameRef) {
-    let frm = frmref.borrow();
+fn write_ppm(pfx: &str, strno: usize, num: u64, frm: NAFrameRef) {
     let name = format!("assets/{}out{:02}_{:06}.ppm", pfx, strno, num);
     let mut ofile = File::create(name).unwrap();
     if let NABufferType::VideoPacked(ref buf) = frm.get_buffer() {
@@ -237,10 +234,10 @@ pub fn test_file_decoding(demuxer: &str, name: &str, limit: Option<u64>,
         let streamno = pkt.get_stream().get_id() as usize;
         if let Some(ref mut dec) = decs[streamno] {
             let frm = dec.decode(&pkt).unwrap();
-            if pkt.get_stream().get_info().is_video() && video_pfx.is_some() && frm.borrow().get_frame_type() != FrameType::Skip {
+            if pkt.get_stream().get_info().is_video() && video_pfx.is_some() && frm.get_frame_type() != FrameType::Skip {
                 let pfx = video_pfx.unwrap();
-		let pts = if let Some(fpts) = frm.borrow().get_pts() { fpts } else { pkt.get_pts().unwrap() };
-                let vinfo = frm.borrow().get_buffer().get_video_info().unwrap();
+		let pts = if let Some(fpts) = frm.get_pts() { fpts } else { pkt.get_pts().unwrap() };
+                let vinfo = frm.get_buffer().get_video_info().unwrap();
                 if vinfo.get_format().is_paletted() {
                     write_palppm(pfx, streamno, pts, frm);
                 } else if vinfo.get_format().get_model().is_yuv() {
@@ -300,8 +297,7 @@ pub fn test_decode_audio(demuxer: &str, name: &str, limit: Option<u64>, audio_pf
         }
         let streamno = pkt.get_stream().get_id() as usize;
         if let Some(ref mut dec) = decs[streamno] {
-            let frm_ = dec.decode(&pkt).unwrap();
-            let frm = frm_.borrow();
+            let frm = dec.decode(&pkt).unwrap();
             if frm.get_info().is_audio() {
                 if !wrote_header {
                     wwr.write_header(frm.get_info().as_ref().get_properties().get_audio_info().unwrap()).unwrap();
diff --git a/nihav-duck/src/codecs/dkadpcm.rs b/nihav-duck/src/codecs/dkadpcm.rs
index 0104b30..9ff5ed9 100644
--- a/nihav-duck/src/codecs/dkadpcm.rs
+++ b/nihav-duck/src/codecs/dkadpcm.rs
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ impl NADecoder for DuckADPCMDecoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, info, abuf);
             frm.set_duration(Some(duration as u64));
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
-            Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            Ok(frm.into_ref())
         } else {
             Err(DecoderError::InvalidData)
         }
diff --git a/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion1.rs b/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion1.rs
index 2c8e5d2..b8edd4e 100644
--- a/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion1.rs
+++ b/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion1.rs
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ impl NADecoder for TM1Decoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), NABufferType::None);
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
             frm.set_frame_type(FrameType::Skip);
-            return Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)));
+            return Ok(frm.into_ref());
         }
         let compr_info = cinfo.unwrap();
         let is_24bit = !is_sprite && compr_info.is_24bit;
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ impl NADecoder for TM1Decoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(is_intra || is_sprite);
         frm.set_frame_type(if is_intra { FrameType::I } else { FrameType::P });
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion2.rs b/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion2.rs
index e822545..1c91640 100644
--- a/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion2.rs
+++ b/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion2.rs
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ impl NADecoder for TM2Decoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(is_intra);
         frm.set_frame_type(if is_intra { FrameType::I } else { FrameType::P });
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion2x.rs b/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion2x.rs
index fce5fb3..560ab6a 100644
--- a/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion2x.rs
+++ b/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotion2x.rs
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ impl NADecoder for TM2XDecoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(self.is_intra);
         frm.set_frame_type(if self.is_intra { FrameType::I } else { FrameType::P });
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotionrt.rs b/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotionrt.rs
index 12548ef..a96d609 100644
--- a/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotionrt.rs
+++ b/nihav-duck/src/codecs/truemotionrt.rs
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ impl NADecoder for TMRTDecoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(true);
         frm.set_frame_type(FrameType::I);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-game/src/codecs/bmv.rs b/nihav-game/src/codecs/bmv.rs
index 79b8745..6712ce2 100644
--- a/nihav-game/src/codecs/bmv.rs
+++ b/nihav-game/src/codecs/bmv.rs
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ impl NADecoder for BMVVideoDecoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(is_intra);
         frm.set_frame_type(if is_intra { FrameType::I } else { FrameType::P });
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ impl NADecoder for BMVAudioDecoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, info, abuf);
             frm.set_duration(Some(samples as u64));
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
-            Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            Ok(frm.into_ref())
         } else {
             Err(DecoderError::InvalidData)
         }
diff --git a/nihav-game/src/codecs/bmv3.rs b/nihav-game/src/codecs/bmv3.rs
index 687ca23..2cd0b2b 100644
--- a/nihav-game/src/codecs/bmv3.rs
+++ b/nihav-game/src/codecs/bmv3.rs
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ impl NADecoder for BMV3VideoDecoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(self.is_intra);
         frm.set_frame_type(if self.is_intra { FrameType::I } else { FrameType::P });
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ impl NADecoder for BMV3AudioDecoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, info, abuf);
             frm.set_duration(Some(samples as u64));
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
-            Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            Ok(frm.into_ref())
         } else {
             Err(DecoderError::InvalidData)
         }
diff --git a/nihav-game/src/codecs/gremlinvideo.rs b/nihav-game/src/codecs/gremlinvideo.rs
index cf7f7b1..c7bdaf9 100644
--- a/nihav-game/src/codecs/gremlinvideo.rs
+++ b/nihav-game/src/codecs/gremlinvideo.rs
@@ -429,12 +429,12 @@ impl NADecoder for GremlinVideoDecoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), NABufferType::None);
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
             frm.set_frame_type(FrameType::Skip);
-            return Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            return Ok(frm.into_ref())
         } else if cmethod == 3 {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), NABufferType::None);
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
             frm.set_frame_type(FrameType::Skip);
-            return Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            return Ok(frm.into_ref())
         } else if cmethod == 2 {
             self.decode_method2(&mut br)?;
         } else if cmethod == 5 {
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ impl NADecoder for GremlinVideoDecoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(is_intra);
         frm.set_frame_type(if is_intra { FrameType::I } else { FrameType::P });
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ impl NADecoder for GremlinAudioDecoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, info, abuf);
             frm.set_duration(Some(samples as u64));
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
-            Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            Ok(frm.into_ref())
         } else {
             Err(DecoderError::InvalidData)
         }
diff --git a/nihav-game/src/codecs/vmd.rs b/nihav-game/src/codecs/vmd.rs
index dc831c4..a1e71ed 100644
--- a/nihav-game/src/codecs/vmd.rs
+++ b/nihav-game/src/codecs/vmd.rs
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ impl NADecoder for VMDVideoDecoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), NABufferType::Video(buf));
         frm.set_keyframe(is_intra);
         frm.set_frame_type(if is_intra { FrameType::I } else { FrameType::P });
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ impl NADecoder for VMDAudioDecoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, info, abuf);
             frm.set_duration(Some(samples as u64));
             frm.set_keyframe(true);
-            Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            Ok(frm.into_ref())
         } else {
             Err(DecoderError::InvalidData)
         }
diff --git a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/imc.rs b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/imc.rs
index ceac0d1..5f1390a 100644
--- a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/imc.rs
+++ b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/imc.rs
@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ impl NADecoder for IMCDecoder {
 
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), abuf);
         frm.set_keyframe(true);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo2.rs b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo2.rs
index 5ea8b3f..d110dc8 100644
--- a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo2.rs
+++ b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo2.rs
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ impl NADecoder for Indeo2Decoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
             frm.set_keyframe(true);
             frm.set_frame_type(FrameType::I);
-            Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            Ok(frm.into_ref())
         } else {
             let bufret = self.frmmgr.clone_ref();
             if let None = bufret { return Err(DecoderError::MissingReference); }
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ impl NADecoder for Indeo2Decoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), NABufferType::Video(buf));
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
             frm.set_frame_type(FrameType::P);
-            Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            Ok(frm.into_ref())
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo3.rs b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo3.rs
index ebf941c..eaef84b 100644
--- a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo3.rs
+++ b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo3.rs
@@ -783,7 +783,7 @@ impl NADecoder for Indeo3Decoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(intraframe);
         frm.set_frame_type(if intraframe { FrameType::I } else { FrameType::P });
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo4.rs b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo4.rs
index 07f6d67..9ee3a41 100644
--- a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo4.rs
+++ b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo4.rs
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ impl NADecoder for Indeo4Decoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(self.dec.is_intra());
         frm.set_frame_type(self.dec.get_frame_type());
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo5.rs b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo5.rs
index 1f77081..faa3107 100644
--- a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo5.rs
+++ b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/indeo5.rs
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ impl NADecoder for Indeo5Decoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(self.dec.is_intra());
         frm.set_frame_type(self.dec.get_frame_type());
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/intel263.rs b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/intel263.rs
index 3b95c5f..7afee94 100644
--- a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/intel263.rs
+++ b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/intel263.rs
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ impl NADecoder for Intel263Decoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), buftype);
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
             frm.set_frame_type(if is_skip { FrameType::Skip } else { FrameType::B });
-            return Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)));
+            return Ok(frm.into_ref());
         }
         let mut ibr = Intel263BR::new(&src, &self.tables);
 
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ impl NADecoder for Intel263Decoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(self.dec.is_intra());
         frm.set_frame_type(if self.dec.is_intra() { FrameType::I } else { FrameType::P });
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/ivibr.rs b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/ivibr.rs
index b5fa291..edeec46 100644
--- a/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/ivibr.rs
+++ b/nihav-indeo/src/codecs/ivibr.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::mem;
 use std::rc::Rc;
-use std::cell::{Ref,RefCell};
+pub use std::cell::{Ref,RefCell};
 use nihav_core::io::bitreader::*;
 //use io::intcode::*;
 use nihav_core::codecs::*;
diff --git a/nihav-rad/src/codecs/bink2.rs b/nihav-rad/src/codecs/bink2.rs
index 60d42a4..d57f8bd 100644
--- a/nihav-rad/src/codecs/bink2.rs
+++ b/nihav-rad/src/codecs/bink2.rs
@@ -1933,7 +1933,7 @@ impl NADecoder for Bink2Decoder {
 
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_frame_type(if self.key_frame { FrameType::I } else { FrameType::P });
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-rad/src/codecs/binkaud.rs b/nihav-rad/src/codecs/binkaud.rs
index 182c6c9..3d7568c 100644
--- a/nihav-rad/src/codecs/binkaud.rs
+++ b/nihav-rad/src/codecs/binkaud.rs
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ impl NADecoder for BinkAudioDecoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, info, abuf);
             frm.set_duration(Some(self.duration as u64));
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
-            Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            Ok(frm.into_ref())
         } else {
             Err(DecoderError::InvalidData)
         }
diff --git a/nihav-rad/src/codecs/binkvid.rs b/nihav-rad/src/codecs/binkvid.rs
index 2f95ed6..3a0b496 100644
--- a/nihav-rad/src/codecs/binkvid.rs
+++ b/nihav-rad/src/codecs/binkvid.rs
@@ -1260,7 +1260,7 @@ println!("decode frame {} b={} i={}", pkt.get_pts().unwrap(), self.is_ver_b, sel
 
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_frame_type(FrameType::P);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-rad/src/codecs/smacker.rs b/nihav-rad/src/codecs/smacker.rs
index bc27ab0..9ed2a9f 100644
--- a/nihav-rad/src/codecs/smacker.rs
+++ b/nihav-rad/src/codecs/smacker.rs
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ impl NADecoder for SmackerVideoDecoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(is_intra);
         frm.set_frame_type(ftype);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ impl NADecoder for SmackerAudioDecoder {
             if !br.read_bool()? {
                 let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, info.clone(), NABufferType::None);
                 frm.set_frame_type(FrameType::Skip);
-                return Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)));
+                return Ok(frm.into_ref());
             }
             let stereo                          = br.read_bool()?;
             let bits16                          = br.read_bool()?;
@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ impl NADecoder for SmackerAudioDecoder {
             let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, info, abuf);
             frm.set_duration(Some(samples as u64));
             frm.set_keyframe(false);
-            Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+            Ok(frm.into_ref())
         } else {
             Err(DecoderError::InvalidData)
         }
diff --git a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/cook.rs b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/cook.rs
index 6303724..b954bd7 100644
--- a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/cook.rs
+++ b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/cook.rs
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ impl NADecoder for CookDecoder {
 
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.replace_info(NACodecTypeInfo::Audio(ainfo)), abuf);
         frm.set_keyframe(true);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ra144.rs b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ra144.rs
index 38d76c3..07d234a 100644
--- a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ra144.rs
+++ b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ra144.rs
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ impl NADecoder for RA144Decoder {
 
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), abuf);
         frm.set_keyframe(true);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ra288.rs b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ra288.rs
index 142cf2a..dbb7f90 100644
--- a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ra288.rs
+++ b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ra288.rs
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ impl NADecoder for RA288Decoder {
 
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), abuf);
         frm.set_keyframe(true);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ralf.rs b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ralf.rs
index 307436c..b8a06d1 100644
--- a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ralf.rs
+++ b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/ralf.rs
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ impl NADecoder for RALFDecoder {
 
                 let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.replace_info(NACodecTypeInfo::Audio(ainfo)), NABufferType::None);
                 frm.set_frame_type(FrameType::Skip);
-                return Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)));
+                return Ok(frm.into_ref());
             }
             src_len = pktbuf.len();
         }
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ impl NADecoder for RALFDecoder {
 
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.replace_info(NACodecTypeInfo::Audio(ainfo)), abuf);
         frm.set_keyframe(true);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv10.rs b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv10.rs
index 1d93a01..733b677 100644
--- a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv10.rs
+++ b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv10.rs
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ println!("???");
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(self.dec.is_intra());
         frm.set_frame_type(if self.dec.is_intra() { FrameType::I } else { FrameType::P });
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv20.rs b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv20.rs
index 36ccc67..44386f6 100644
--- a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv20.rs
+++ b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv20.rs
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ impl NADecoder for RealVideo20Decoder {
         let mut frm = NAFrame::new_from_pkt(pkt, self.info.clone(), bufinfo);
         frm.set_keyframe(self.dec.is_intra());
         frm.set_frame_type(self.dec.get_frame_type());
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv30.rs b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv30.rs
index a2d7090..7ec3cb2 100644
--- a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv30.rs
+++ b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv30.rs
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ println!("???");
         frm.set_keyframe(ftype == FrameType::I);
         frm.set_pts(Some(pts));
         frm.set_frame_type(ftype);//if ftype == FrameType::B { FrameType::Skip } else { ftype } );
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv40.rs b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv40.rs
index eb45164..482d856 100644
--- a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv40.rs
+++ b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv40.rs
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ println!("???");
         frm.set_keyframe(ftype == FrameType::I);
         frm.set_frame_type(ftype);
         frm.set_pts(Some(ts));
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv60.rs b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv60.rs
index 4adbe39..82dce04 100644
--- a/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv60.rs
+++ b/nihav-realmedia/src/codecs/rv60.rs
@@ -1458,7 +1458,7 @@ println!("???");
         frm.set_keyframe(hdr.ftype == FrameType::I);
         frm.set_pts(Some(hdr.ts as u64));
         frm.set_frame_type(hdr.ftype);
-        Ok(Rc::new(RefCell::new(frm)))
+        Ok(frm.into_ref())
     }
 }