avutil/mem: limit alignment to maximum simd align

FFmpeg has instances of DECLARE_ALIGNED(32, ...) in a lot of structs,
which then end up heap-allocated.
By declaring any variable in a struct, or tree of structs, to be 32 byte
aligned, it allows the compiler to safely assume the entire struct
itself is also 32 byte aligned.

This might make the compiler emit code which straight up crashes or
misbehaves in other ways, and at least in one instances is now
documented to actually do (see ticket 10549 on trac).
The issue there is that an unrelated variable in SingleChannelElement is
declared to have an alignment of 32 bytes. So if the compiler does a copy
in decode_cpe() with avx instructions, but ffmpeg is built with
--disable-avx, this results in a crash, since the memory is only 16 byte
aligned.

Mind you, even if the compiler does not emit avx instructions, the code
is still invalid and could misbehave. It just happens not to. Declaring
any variable in a struct with a 32 byte alignment promises 32 byte
alignment of the whole struct to the compiler.

This patch limits the maximum alignment to the maximum possible simd
alignment according to configure.
While not perfect, it at the very least gets rid of a lot of UB, by
matching up the maximum DECLARE_ALIGNED value with the alignment of heap
allocations done by lavu.

2 files changed, 15 insertions, 7 deletions

diff --git a/libavutil/mem.c b/libavutil/mem.c
index 36b8940a0c..b5bcaab164 100644
--- a/libavutil/mem.c
+++ b/libavutil/mem.c
@@ -62,7 +62,13 @@ void  free(void *ptr);
 
 #endif /* MALLOC_PREFIX */
 
-#define ALIGN (HAVE_AVX512 ? 64 : (HAVE_AVX ? 32 : 16))
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+/* MSVC does not support conditionally limiting alignment.
+   Set minimum value here to maximum used throughout the codebase. */
+#define ALIGN (HAVE_SIMD_ALIGN_64 ? 64 : 32)
+#else
+#define ALIGN (HAVE_SIMD_ALIGN_64 ? 64 : (HAVE_SIMD_ALIGN_32 ? 32 : 16))
+#endif
 
 /* NOTE: if you want to override these functions with your own
  * implementations (not recommended) you have to link libav* as
diff --git a/libavutil/mem_internal.h b/libavutil/mem_internal.h
index 2448c606f1..e2911b5610 100644
--- a/libavutil/mem_internal.h
+++ b/libavutil/mem_internal.h
@@ -75,18 +75,20 @@
  * @param v Name of the variable
  */
 
+#define MAX_ALIGNMENT (HAVE_SIMD_ALIGN_64 ? 64 : (HAVE_SIMD_ALIGN_32 ? 32 : 16))
+
 #if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && __INTEL_COMPILER < 1110 || defined(__SUNPRO_C)
-    #define DECLARE_ALIGNED(n,t,v)      t __attribute__ ((aligned (n))) v
-    #define DECLARE_ASM_ALIGNED(n,t,v)  t __attribute__ ((aligned (n))) v
-    #define DECLARE_ASM_CONST(n,t,v)    const t __attribute__ ((aligned (n))) v
+    #define DECLARE_ALIGNED(n,t,v)      t __attribute__ ((aligned (FFMIN(n, MAX_ALIGNMENT)))) v
+    #define DECLARE_ASM_ALIGNED(n,t,v)  t __attribute__ ((aligned (FFMIN(n, MAX_ALIGNMENT)))) v
+    #define DECLARE_ASM_CONST(n,t,v)    const t __attribute__ ((aligned (FFMIN(n, MAX_ALIGNMENT)))) v
 #elif defined(__DJGPP__)
     #define DECLARE_ALIGNED(n,t,v)      t __attribute__ ((aligned (FFMIN(n, 16)))) v
     #define DECLARE_ASM_ALIGNED(n,t,v)  t av_used __attribute__ ((aligned (FFMIN(n, 16)))) v
     #define DECLARE_ASM_CONST(n,t,v)    static const t av_used __attribute__ ((aligned (FFMIN(n, 16)))) v
 #elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
-    #define DECLARE_ALIGNED(n,t,v)      t __attribute__ ((aligned (n))) v
-    #define DECLARE_ASM_ALIGNED(n,t,v)  t av_used __attribute__ ((aligned (n))) v
-    #define DECLARE_ASM_CONST(n,t,v)    static const t av_used __attribute__ ((aligned (n))) v
+    #define DECLARE_ALIGNED(n,t,v)      t __attribute__ ((aligned (FFMIN(n, MAX_ALIGNMENT)))) v
+    #define DECLARE_ASM_ALIGNED(n,t,v)  t av_used __attribute__ ((aligned (FFMIN(n, MAX_ALIGNMENT)))) v
+    #define DECLARE_ASM_CONST(n,t,v)    static const t av_used __attribute__ ((aligned (FFMIN(n, MAX_ALIGNMENT)))) v
 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
     #define DECLARE_ALIGNED(n,t,v)      __declspec(align(n)) t v
     #define DECLARE_ASM_ALIGNED(n,t,v)  __declspec(align(n)) t v