path: root/contrib/libs/c-ares/test/dns-proto.cc

#include "dns-proto.h" 
 
// Include ares internal file for DNS protocol details 
#include "ares_setup.h" 
#include "ares.h" 
#include "ares_dns.h" 
 
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <stdlib.h> 
 
#include <sstream> 
 
namespace ares { 
 
std::string HexDump(std::vector<byte> data) { 
  std::stringstream ss; 
  for (size_t ii = 0; ii < data.size();  ii++) { 
    char buffer[2 + 1]; 
    sprintf(buffer, "%02x", data[ii]); 
    ss << buffer; 
  } 
  return ss.str(); 
} 
 
std::string HexDump(const byte *data, int len) { 
  return HexDump(std::vector<byte>(data, data + len)); 
} 
 
std::string HexDump(const char *data, int len) { 
  return HexDump(reinterpret_cast<const byte*>(data), len); 
} 
 
std::string StatusToString(int status) { 
  switch (status) { 
  case ARES_SUCCESS: return "ARES_SUCCESS"; 
  case ARES_ENODATA: return "ARES_ENODATA"; 
  case ARES_EFORMERR: return "ARES_EFORMERR"; 
  case ARES_ESERVFAIL: return "ARES_ESERVFAIL"; 
  case ARES_ENOTFOUND: return "ARES_ENOTFOUND"; 
  case ARES_ENOTIMP: return "ARES_ENOTIMP"; 
  case ARES_EREFUSED: return "ARES_EREFUSED"; 
  case ARES_EBADQUERY: return "ARES_EBADQUERY"; 
  case ARES_EBADNAME: return "ARES_EBADNAME"; 
  case ARES_EBADFAMILY: return "ARES_EBADFAMILY"; 
  case ARES_EBADRESP: return "ARES_EBADRESP"; 
  case ARES_ECONNREFUSED: return "ARES_ECONNREFUSED"; 
  case ARES_ETIMEOUT: return "ARES_ETIMEOUT"; 
  case ARES_EOF: return "ARES_EOF"; 
  case ARES_EFILE: return "ARES_EFILE"; 
  case ARES_ENOMEM: return "ARES_ENOMEM"; 
  case ARES_EDESTRUCTION: return "ARES_EDESTRUCTION"; 
  case ARES_EBADSTR: return "ARES_EBADSTR"; 
  case ARES_EBADFLAGS: return "ARES_EBADFLAGS"; 
  case ARES_ENONAME: return "ARES_ENONAME"; 
  case ARES_EBADHINTS: return "ARES_EBADHINTS"; 
  case ARES_ENOTINITIALIZED: return "ARES_ENOTINITIALIZED"; 
  case ARES_ELOADIPHLPAPI: return "ARES_ELOADIPHLPAPI"; 
  case ARES_EADDRGETNETWORKPARAMS: return "ARES_EADDRGETNETWORKPARAMS"; 
  case ARES_ECANCELLED: return "ARES_ECANCELLED"; 
  default: return "UNKNOWN"; 
  } 
} 
 
std::string RcodeToString(int rcode) { 
  switch (rcode) { 
  case ns_r_noerror: return "NOERROR"; 
  case ns_r_formerr: return "FORMERR"; 
  case ns_r_servfail: return "SERVFAIL"; 
  case ns_r_nxdomain: return "NXDOMAIN"; 
  case ns_r_notimpl: return "NOTIMPL"; 
  case ns_r_refused: return "REFUSED"; 
  case ns_r_yxdomain: return "YXDOMAIN"; 
  case ns_r_yxrrset: return "YXRRSET"; 
  case ns_r_nxrrset: return "NXRRSET"; 
  case ns_r_notauth: return "NOTAUTH"; 
  case ns_r_notzone: return "NOTZONE"; 
  case ns_r_badsig: return "BADSIG"; 
  case ns_r_badkey: return "BADKEY"; 
  case ns_r_badtime: return "BADTIME"; 
  default: return "UNKNOWN"; 
  } 
} 
 
std::string RRTypeToString(int rrtype) { 
  switch (rrtype) { 
  case ns_t_a: return "A"; 
  case ns_t_ns: return "NS"; 
  case ns_t_md: return "MD"; 
  case ns_t_mf: return "MF"; 
  case ns_t_cname: return "CNAME"; 
  case ns_t_soa: return "SOA"; 
  case ns_t_mb: return "MB"; 
  case ns_t_mg: return "MG"; 
  case ns_t_mr: return "MR"; 
  case ns_t_null: return "NULL"; 
  case ns_t_wks: return "WKS"; 
  case ns_t_ptr: return "PTR"; 
  case ns_t_hinfo: return "HINFO"; 
  case ns_t_minfo: return "MINFO"; 
  case ns_t_mx: return "MX"; 
  case ns_t_txt: return "TXT"; 
  case ns_t_rp: return "RP"; 
  case ns_t_afsdb: return "AFSDB"; 
  case ns_t_x25: return "X25"; 
  case ns_t_isdn: return "ISDN"; 
  case ns_t_rt: return "RT"; 
  case ns_t_nsap: return "NSAP"; 
  case ns_t_nsap_ptr: return "NSAP_PTR"; 
  case ns_t_sig: return "SIG"; 
  case ns_t_key: return "KEY"; 
  case ns_t_px: return "PX"; 
  case ns_t_gpos: return "GPOS"; 
  case ns_t_aaaa: return "AAAA"; 
  case ns_t_loc: return "LOC"; 
  case ns_t_nxt: return "NXT"; 
  case ns_t_eid: return "EID"; 
  case ns_t_nimloc: return "NIMLOC"; 
  case ns_t_srv: return "SRV"; 
  case ns_t_atma: return "ATMA"; 
  case ns_t_naptr: return "NAPTR"; 
  case ns_t_kx: return "KX"; 
  case ns_t_cert: return "CERT"; 
  case ns_t_a6: return "A6"; 
  case ns_t_dname: return "DNAME"; 
  case ns_t_sink: return "SINK"; 
  case ns_t_opt: return "OPT"; 
  case ns_t_apl: return "APL"; 
  case ns_t_ds: return "DS"; 
  case ns_t_sshfp: return "SSHFP"; 
  case ns_t_rrsig: return "RRSIG"; 
  case ns_t_nsec: return "NSEC"; 
  case ns_t_dnskey: return "DNSKEY"; 
  case ns_t_tkey: return "TKEY"; 
  case ns_t_tsig: return "TSIG"; 
  case ns_t_ixfr: return "IXFR"; 
  case ns_t_axfr: return "AXFR"; 
  case ns_t_mailb: return "MAILB"; 
  case ns_t_maila: return "MAILA"; 
  case ns_t_any: return "ANY"; 
  case ns_t_zxfr: return "ZXFR"; 
  case ns_t_max: return "MAX"; 
  default: return "UNKNOWN"; 
  } 
} 
 
std::string ClassToString(int qclass) { 
  switch (qclass) { 
  case ns_c_in: return "IN"; 
  case ns_c_chaos: return "CHAOS"; 
  case ns_c_hs: return "HESIOD"; 
  case ns_c_none: return "NONE"; 
  case ns_c_any: return "ANY"; 
  default: return "UNKNOWN"; 
  } 
} 
 
std::string AddressToString(const void* vaddr, int len) { 
  const byte* addr = reinterpret_cast<const byte*>(vaddr); 
  std::stringstream ss; 
  if (len == 4) { 
    char buffer[4*4 + 3 + 1]; 
    sprintf(buffer, "%u.%u.%u.%u", 
            (unsigned char)addr[0], 
            (unsigned char)addr[1], 
            (unsigned char)addr[2], 
            (unsigned char)addr[3]); 
    ss << buffer; 
  } else if (len == 16) { 
    for (int ii = 0; ii < 16;  ii+=2) { 
      if (ii > 0) ss << ':'; 
      char buffer[4 + 1]; 
      sprintf(buffer, "%02x%02x", (unsigned char)addr[ii], (unsigned char)addr[ii+1]); 
      ss << buffer; 
    } 
  } else { 
    ss << "!" << HexDump(addr, len) << "!"; 
  } 
  return ss.str(); 
} 
 
std::string PacketToString(const std::vector<byte>& packet) { 
  const byte* data = packet.data(); 
  int len = packet.size(); 
  std::stringstream ss; 
  if (len < NS_HFIXEDSZ) { 
    ss << "(too short, len " << len << ")"; 
    return ss.str(); 
  } 
  ss << ((DNS_HEADER_QR(data) == 0) ? "REQ " : "RSP "); 
  switch (DNS_HEADER_OPCODE(data)) { 
  case ns_o_query: ss << "QRY "; break; 
  case ns_o_iquery: ss << "IQRY "; break; 
  case ns_o_status: ss << "STATUS "; break; 
  case ns_o_notify: ss << "NOTIFY "; break; 
  case ns_o_update: ss << "UPDATE "; break; 
  default: ss << "UNKNOWN(" << DNS_HEADER_OPCODE(data) << ") "; break; 
  } 
  if (DNS_HEADER_AA(data)) ss << "AA "; 
  if (DNS_HEADER_TC(data)) ss << "TC "; 
  if (DNS_HEADER_RD(data)) ss << "RD "; 
  if (DNS_HEADER_RA(data)) ss << "RA "; 
  if (DNS_HEADER_Z(data)) ss << "Z "; 
  if (DNS_HEADER_QR(data) == 1) ss << RcodeToString(DNS_HEADER_RCODE(data)); 
 
  int nquestions = DNS_HEADER_QDCOUNT(data); 
  int nanswers = DNS_HEADER_ANCOUNT(data); 
  int nauths = DNS_HEADER_NSCOUNT(data); 
  int nadds = DNS_HEADER_ARCOUNT(data); 
 
  const byte* pq = data + NS_HFIXEDSZ; 
  len -= NS_HFIXEDSZ; 
  for (int ii = 0; ii < nquestions; ii++) { 
    ss << " Q:" << QuestionToString(packet, &pq, &len); 
  } 
  const byte* prr = pq; 
  for (int ii = 0; ii < nanswers; ii++) { 
    ss << " A:" << RRToString(packet, &prr, &len); 
  } 
  for (int ii = 0; ii < nauths; ii++) { 
    ss << " AUTH:" << RRToString(packet, &prr, &len); 
  } 
  for (int ii = 0; ii < nadds; ii++) { 
    ss << " ADD:" << RRToString(packet, &prr, &len); 
  } 
  return ss.str(); 
} 
 
std::string QuestionToString(const std::vector<byte>& packet, 
                             const byte** data, int* len) { 
  std::stringstream ss; 
  ss << "{"; 
  if (*len < NS_QFIXEDSZ) { 
    ss << "(too short, len " << *len << ")"; 
    return ss.str(); 
  } 
 
  char *name = nullptr; 
  long enclen; 
  int rc = ares_expand_name(*data, packet.data(), packet.size(), &name, &enclen); 
  if (rc != ARES_SUCCESS) { 
    ss << "(error from ares_expand_name)"; 
    return ss.str(); 
  } 
  if (enclen > *len) { 
    ss << "(error, encoded name len " << enclen << "bigger than remaining data " << *len << " bytes)"; 
    return ss.str(); 
  } 
  *len -= enclen; 
  *data += enclen; 
  ss << "'" << name << "' "; 
  ares_free_string(name); 
  if (*len < NS_QFIXEDSZ) { 
    ss << "(too short, len left " << *len << ")"; 
    return ss.str(); 
  } 
  ss << ClassToString(DNS_QUESTION_CLASS(*data)) << " "; 
  ss << RRTypeToString(DNS_QUESTION_TYPE(*data)); 
  *data += NS_QFIXEDSZ; 
  *len -= NS_QFIXEDSZ; 
  ss << "}"; 
  return ss.str(); 
} 
 
std::string RRToString(const std::vector<byte>& packet, 
                       const byte** data, int* len) { 
  std::stringstream ss; 
  ss << "{"; 
  if (*len < NS_RRFIXEDSZ) { 
    ss << "too short, len " << *len << ")"; 
    return ss.str(); 
  } 
 
  char *name = nullptr; 
  long enclen; 
  int rc = ares_expand_name(*data, packet.data(), packet.size(), &name, &enclen); 
  if (rc != ARES_SUCCESS) { 
    ss << "(error from ares_expand_name)"; 
    return ss.str(); 
  } 
  if (enclen > *len) { 
    ss << "(error, encoded name len " << enclen << "bigger than remaining data " << *len << " bytes)"; 
    return ss.str(); 
  } 
  *len -= enclen; 
  *data += enclen; 
  ss << "'" << name << "' "; 
  ares_free_string(name); 
  name = nullptr; 
 
  if (*len < NS_RRFIXEDSZ) { 
    ss << "(too short, len left " << *len << ")"; 
    return ss.str(); 
  } 
  int rrtype = DNS_RR_TYPE(*data); 
  if (rrtype == ns_t_opt) { 
    ss << "MAXUDP=" << DNS_RR_CLASS(*data) << " "; 
    ss << RRTypeToString(rrtype) << " "; 
    ss << "RCODE2=" << DNS_RR_TTL(*data); 
  } else { 
    ss << ClassToString(DNS_RR_CLASS(*data)) << " "; 
    ss << RRTypeToString(rrtype) << " "; 
    ss << "TTL=" << DNS_RR_TTL(*data); 
  } 
  int rdatalen = DNS_RR_LEN(*data); 
 
  *data += NS_RRFIXEDSZ; 
  *len -= NS_RRFIXEDSZ; 
  if (*len < rdatalen) { 
    ss << "(RR too long at " << rdatalen << ", len left " << *len << ")"; 
  } else { 
    switch (rrtype) { 
    case ns_t_a: 
    case ns_t_aaaa: 
      ss << " " << AddressToString(*data, rdatalen); 
      break; 
    case ns_t_txt: { 
      const byte* p = *data; 
      while (p < (*data + rdatalen)) { 
        int len = *p++; 
        if ((p + len) <= (*data + rdatalen)) { 
          std::string txt(p, p + len); 
          ss << " " << len << ":'" << txt << "'"; 
        } else { 
          ss << "(string too long)"; 
        } 
        p += len; 
      } 
      break; 
    } 
    case ns_t_cname: 
    case ns_t_ns: 
    case ns_t_ptr: { 
      int rc = ares_expand_name(*data, packet.data(), packet.size(), &name, &enclen); 
      if (rc != ARES_SUCCESS) { 
        ss << "(error from ares_expand_name)"; 
        break; 
      } 
      ss << " '" << name << "'"; 
      ares_free_string(name); 
      break; 
    } 
    case ns_t_mx: 
      if (rdatalen > 2) { 
        int rc = ares_expand_name(*data + 2, packet.data(), packet.size(), &name, &enclen); 
        if (rc != ARES_SUCCESS) { 
          ss << "(error from ares_expand_name)"; 
          break; 
        } 
        ss << " " << DNS__16BIT(*data) << " '" << name << "'"; 
        ares_free_string(name); 
      } else { 
        ss << "(RR too short)"; 
      } 
      break; 
    case ns_t_srv: { 
      if (rdatalen > 6) { 
        const byte* p = *data; 
        unsigned long prio = DNS__16BIT(p); 
        unsigned long weight = DNS__16BIT(p + 2); 
        unsigned long port = DNS__16BIT(p + 4); 
        p += 6; 
        int rc = ares_expand_name(p, packet.data(), packet.size(), &name, &enclen); 
        if (rc != ARES_SUCCESS) { 
          ss << "(error from ares_expand_name)"; 
          break; 
        } 
        ss << prio << " " << weight << " " << port << " '" << name << "'"; 
        ares_free_string(name); 
      } else { 
        ss << "(RR too short)"; 
      } 
      break; 
    } 
    case ns_t_soa: { 
      const byte* p = *data; 
      int rc = ares_expand_name(p, packet.data(), packet.size(), &name, &enclen); 
      if (rc != ARES_SUCCESS) { 
        ss << "(error from ares_expand_name)"; 
        break; 
      } 
      ss << " '" << name << "'"; 
      ares_free_string(name); 
      p += enclen; 
      rc = ares_expand_name(p, packet.data(), packet.size(), &name, &enclen); 
      if (rc != ARES_SUCCESS) { 
        ss << "(error from ares_expand_name)"; 
        break; 
      } 
      ss << " '" << name << "'"; 
      ares_free_string(name); 
      p += enclen; 
      if ((p + 20) <= (*data + rdatalen)) { 
        unsigned long serial = DNS__32BIT(p); 
        unsigned long refresh = DNS__32BIT(p + 4); 
        unsigned long retry = DNS__32BIT(p + 8); 
        unsigned long expire = DNS__32BIT(p + 12); 
        unsigned long minimum = DNS__32BIT(p + 16); 
        ss << " " << serial << " " << refresh << " " << retry << " " << expire << " " << minimum; 
      } else { 
        ss << "(RR too short)"; 
      } 
      break; 
    } 
    case ns_t_naptr: { 
      if (rdatalen > 7) { 
        const byte* p = *data; 
        unsigned long order = DNS__16BIT(p); 
        unsigned long pref = DNS__16BIT(p + 2); 
        p += 4; 
        ss << order << " " << pref; 
 
        int len = *p++; 
        std::string flags(p, p + len); 
        ss << " " << flags; 
        p += len; 
 
        len = *p++; 
        std::string service(p, p + len); 
        ss << " '" << service << "'"; 
        p += len; 
 
        len = *p++; 
        std::string regexp(p, p + len); 
        ss << " '" << regexp << "'"; 
        p += len; 
 
        int rc = ares_expand_name(p, packet.data(), packet.size(), &name, &enclen); 
        if (rc != ARES_SUCCESS) { 
          ss << "(error from ares_expand_name)"; 
          break; 
        } 
        ss << " '" << name << "'"; 
        ares_free_string(name); 
      } else { 
        ss << "(RR too short)"; 
      } 
      break; 
    } 
    default: 
      ss << " " << HexDump(*data, rdatalen); 
      break; 
    } 
  } 
  *data += rdatalen; 
  *len -= rdatalen; 
 
  ss << "}"; 
  return ss.str(); 
} 
 
void PushInt32(std::vector<byte>* data, int value) { 
  data->push_back((value & 0xff000000) >> 24); 
  data->push_back((value & 0x00ff0000) >> 16); 
  data->push_back((value & 0x0000ff00) >> 8); 
  data->push_back(value & 0x000000ff); 
} 
 
void PushInt16(std::vector<byte>* data, int value) { 
  data->push_back((value & 0xff00) >> 8); 
  data->push_back(value & 0x00ff); 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> EncodeString(const std::string& name) { 
  std::vector<byte> data; 
  std::stringstream ss(name); 
  std::string label; 
  // TODO: cope with escapes 
  while (std::getline(ss, label, '.')) { 
    data.push_back(label.length()); 
    data.insert(data.end(), label.begin(), label.end()); 
  } 
  data.push_back(0); 
  return data; 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> DNSQuestion::data() const { 
  std::vector<byte> data; 
  std::vector<byte> encname = EncodeString(name_); 
  data.insert(data.end(), encname.begin(), encname.end()); 
  PushInt16(&data, rrtype_); 
  PushInt16(&data, qclass_); 
  return data; 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> DNSRR::data() const { 
  std::vector<byte> data = DNSQuestion::data(); 
  PushInt32(&data, ttl_); 
  return data; 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> DNSSingleNameRR::data() const { 
  std::vector<byte> data = DNSRR::data(); 
  std::vector<byte> encname = EncodeString(other_); 
  int len = encname.size(); 
  PushInt16(&data, len); 
  data.insert(data.end(), encname.begin(), encname.end()); 
  return data; 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> DNSTxtRR::data() const { 
  std::vector<byte> data = DNSRR::data(); 
  int len = 0; 
  for (const std::string& txt : txt_) { 
    len += (1 + txt.size()); 
  } 
  PushInt16(&data, len); 
  for (const std::string& txt : txt_) { 
    data.push_back(txt.size()); 
    data.insert(data.end(), txt.begin(), txt.end()); 
  } 
  return data; 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> DNSMxRR::data() const { 
  std::vector<byte> data = DNSRR::data(); 
  std::vector<byte> encname = EncodeString(other_); 
  int len = 2 + encname.size(); 
  PushInt16(&data, len); 
  PushInt16(&data, pref_); 
  data.insert(data.end(), encname.begin(), encname.end()); 
  return data; 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> DNSSrvRR::data() const { 
  std::vector<byte> data = DNSRR::data(); 
  std::vector<byte> encname = EncodeString(target_); 
  int len = 6 + encname.size(); 
  PushInt16(&data, len); 
  PushInt16(&data, prio_); 
  PushInt16(&data, weight_); 
  PushInt16(&data, port_); 
  data.insert(data.end(), encname.begin(), encname.end()); 
  return data; 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> DNSAddressRR::data() const { 
  std::vector<byte> data = DNSRR::data(); 
  int len = addr_.size(); 
  PushInt16(&data, len); 
  data.insert(data.end(), addr_.begin(), addr_.end()); 
  return data; 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> DNSSoaRR::data() const { 
  std::vector<byte> data = DNSRR::data(); 
  std::vector<byte> encname1 = EncodeString(nsname_); 
  std::vector<byte> encname2 = EncodeString(rname_); 
  int len = encname1.size() + encname2.size() + 5*4; 
  PushInt16(&data, len); 
  data.insert(data.end(), encname1.begin(), encname1.end()); 
  data.insert(data.end(), encname2.begin(), encname2.end()); 
  PushInt32(&data, serial_); 
  PushInt32(&data, refresh_); 
  PushInt32(&data, retry_); 
  PushInt32(&data, expire_); 
  PushInt32(&data, minimum_); 
  return data; 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> DNSOptRR::data() const { 
  std::vector<byte> data = DNSRR::data(); 
  int len = 0; 
  for (const DNSOption& opt : opts_) { 
    len += (4 + opt.data_.size()); 
  } 
  PushInt16(&data, len); 
  for (const DNSOption& opt : opts_) { 
    PushInt16(&data, opt.code_); 
    PushInt16(&data, opt.data_.size()); 
    data.insert(data.end(), opt.data_.begin(), opt.data_.end()); 
  } 
  return data; 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> DNSNaptrRR::data() const { 
  std::vector<byte> data = DNSRR::data(); 
  std::vector<byte> encname = EncodeString(replacement_); 
  int len = (4 + 1 + flags_.size() + 1 + service_.size() + 1 + regexp_.size() + encname.size()); 
  PushInt16(&data, len); 
  PushInt16(&data, order_); 
  PushInt16(&data, pref_); 
  data.push_back(flags_.size()); 
  data.insert(data.end(), flags_.begin(), flags_.end()); 
  data.push_back(service_.size()); 
  data.insert(data.end(), service_.begin(), service_.end()); 
  data.push_back(regexp_.size()); 
  data.insert(data.end(), regexp_.begin(), regexp_.end()); 
  data.insert(data.end(), encname.begin(), encname.end()); 
  return data; 
} 
 
std::vector<byte> DNSPacket::data() const { 
  std::vector<byte> data; 
  PushInt16(&data, qid_); 
  byte b = 0x00; 
  if (response_) b |= 0x80; 
  b |= ((opcode_ & 0x0f) << 3); 
  if (aa_) b |= 0x04; 
  if (tc_) b |= 0x02; 
  if (rd_) b |= 0x01; 
  data.push_back(b); 
  b = 0x00; 
  if (ra_) b |= 0x80; 
  if (z_) b |= 0x40; 
  if (ad_) b |= 0x20; 
  if (cd_) b |= 0x10; 
  b |= (rcode_ & 0x0f); 
  data.push_back(b); 
 
  int count = questions_.size(); 
  PushInt16(&data, count); 
  count = answers_.size(); 
  PushInt16(&data, count); 
  count = auths_.size(); 
  PushInt16(&data, count); 
  count = adds_.size(); 
  PushInt16(&data, count); 
 
  for (const std::unique_ptr<DNSQuestion>& question : questions_) { 
    std::vector<byte> qdata = question->data(); 
    data.insert(data.end(), qdata.begin(), qdata.end()); 
  } 
  for (const std::unique_ptr<DNSRR>& rr : answers_) { 
    std::vector<byte> rrdata = rr->data(); 
    data.insert(data.end(), rrdata.begin(), rrdata.end()); 
  } 
  for (const std::unique_ptr<DNSRR>& rr : auths_) { 
    std::vector<byte> rrdata = rr->data(); 
    data.insert(data.end(), rrdata.begin(), rrdata.end()); 
  } 
  for (const std::unique_ptr<DNSRR>& rr : adds_) { 
    std::vector<byte> rrdata = rr->data(); 
    data.insert(data.end(), rrdata.begin(), rrdata.end()); 
  } 
  return data; 
} 
 
}  // namespace ares