/* * qt-faststart.c, v0.1 * by Mike Melanson (melanson@pcisys.net) * This file is placed in the public domain. Use the program however you * see fit. * * This utility rearranges a Quicktime file such that the moov atom * is in front of the data, thus facilitating network streaming. * * Compile this program using: * cc qt-faststart.c -o qt-faststart * Invoke the program with: * qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov> * * Notes: Quicktime files can come in many configurations of top-level * atoms. This utility stipulates that the very last atom in the file needs * to be a moov atom. When given such a file, this utility will rearrange * the top-level atoms by shifting the moov atom from the back of the file * to the front, and patch the chunk offsets along the way. This utility * presently only operates on uncompressed moov atoms. */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <inttypes.h> #define BE_16(x) ((((uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 8) | ((uint8_t*)(x))[1]) #define BE_32(x) ((((uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 24) | \ (((uint8_t*)(x))[1] << 16) | \ (((uint8_t*)(x))[2] << 8) | \ ((uint8_t*)(x))[3]) #define BE_64(x) (((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[0]) << 56) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[1]) << 48) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[2]) << 40) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[3]) << 32) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[4]) << 24) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[5]) << 16) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[6]) << 8) | \ ((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)(x))[7])) #define BE_FOURCC( ch0, ch1, ch2, ch3 ) \ ( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch3) | \ ( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch2) << 8 ) | \ ( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch1) << 16 ) | \ ( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch0) << 24 ) ) #define QT_ATOM BE_FOURCC /* top level atoms */ #define FREE_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 'r', 'e', 'e') #define JUNK_ATOM QT_ATOM('j', 'u', 'n', 'k') #define MDAT_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'd', 'a', 't') #define MOOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'o', 'o', 'v') #define PNOT_ATOM QT_ATOM('p', 'n', 'o', 't') #define SKIP_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 'k', 'i', 'p') #define WIDE_ATOM QT_ATOM('w', 'i', 'd', 'e') #define PICT_ATOM QT_ATOM('P', 'I', 'C', 'T') #define FTYP_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 't', 'y', 'p') #define CMOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'm', 'o', 'v') #define STCO_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 't', 'c', 'o') #define CO64_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'o', '6', '4') #define ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE 8 #define COPY_BUFFER_SIZE 1024 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { FILE *infile; FILE *outfile; unsigned char atom_bytes[ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE]; uint32_t atom_type = 0; uint64_t atom_size; uint64_t last_offset; unsigned char *moov_atom; uint64_t moov_atom_size; uint64_t i, j; uint32_t offset_count; uint64_t current_offset; unsigned char copy_buffer[COPY_BUFFER_SIZE]; int bytes_to_copy; if (argc != 3) { printf ("Usage: qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov>\n"); return 0; } infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb"); if (!infile) { perror(argv[1]); return 1; } /* traverse through the atoms in the file to make sure that 'moov' is * at the end */ while (!feof(infile)) { if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) { break; } atom_size = BE_32(&atom_bytes[0]); atom_type = BE_32(&atom_bytes[4]); if ((atom_type != FREE_ATOM) && (atom_type != JUNK_ATOM) && (atom_type != MDAT_ATOM) && (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) && (atom_type != PNOT_ATOM) && (atom_type != SKIP_ATOM) && (atom_type != WIDE_ATOM) && (atom_type != PICT_ATOM) && (atom_type != FTYP_ATOM)) { printf ("encountered non-QT top-level atom (is this a Quicktime file?)\n"); break; } /* 64-bit special case */ if (atom_size == 1) { if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) { break; } atom_size = BE_64(&atom_bytes[0]); fseek(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE * 2, SEEK_CUR); } else { fseek(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR); } } if (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) { printf ("last atom in file was not a moov atom\n"); fclose(infile); return 0; } /* moov atom was, in fact, the last atom in the chunk; load the whole * moov atom */ fseek(infile, -atom_size, SEEK_END); last_offset = (uint64_t)ftell(infile); moov_atom_size = atom_size; moov_atom = malloc(moov_atom_size); if (!moov_atom) { printf ("could not allocate 0x%llX byte for moov atom\n", atom_size); fclose(infile); return 1; } if (fread(moov_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1) { perror(argv[1]); free(moov_atom); fclose(infile); return 1; } /* this utility does not support compressed atoms yet, so disqualify * files with compressed QT atoms */ if (BE_32(&moov_atom[12]) == CMOV_ATOM) { printf ("this utility does not support compressed moov atoms yet\n"); free(moov_atom); fclose(infile); return 1; } /* close; will be re-opened later */ fclose(infile); /* crawl through the moov chunk in search of stco or co64 atoms */ for (i = 4; i < moov_atom_size - 4; i++) { atom_type = BE_32(&moov_atom[i]); if (atom_type == STCO_ATOM) { printf (" patching stco atom...\n"); atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]); if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) { printf (" bad atom size\n"); free(moov_atom); return 1; } offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]); for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) { current_offset = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4]); current_offset += moov_atom_size; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 0] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 1] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 2] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 3] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF; } i += atom_size - 4; } else if (atom_type == CO64_ATOM) { printf (" patching co64 atom...\n"); atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]); if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) { printf (" bad atom size\n"); free(moov_atom); return 1; } offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]); for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) { current_offset = BE_64(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8]); current_offset += moov_atom_size; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 0] = (current_offset >> 56) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 1] = (current_offset >> 48) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 2] = (current_offset >> 40) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 3] = (current_offset >> 32) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 4] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 5] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 6] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 7] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF; } i += atom_size - 4; } } /* re-open the input file and open the output file */ infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb"); if (!infile) { perror(argv[1]); free(moov_atom); return 1; } outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb"); if (!outfile) { perror(argv[2]); fclose(outfile); free(moov_atom); return 1; } /* dump the new moov atom */ printf (" writing moov atom...\n"); if (fwrite(moov_atom, moov_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) { perror(argv[2]); goto error_out; } /* copy the remainder of the infile, from offset 0 -> last_offset - 1 */ printf (" copying rest of file...\n"); while (last_offset) { if (last_offset > COPY_BUFFER_SIZE) bytes_to_copy = COPY_BUFFER_SIZE; else bytes_to_copy = last_offset; if (fread(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, infile) != 1) { perror(argv[1]); goto error_out; } if (fwrite(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, outfile) != 1) { perror(argv[2]); goto error_out; } last_offset -= bytes_to_copy; } fclose(infile); fclose(outfile); free(moov_atom); return 0; error_out: fclose(infile); fclose(outfile); free(moov_atom); return 1; }